{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/70067"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/70067","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Studies on the Synthesis and Metabolism of 1-(l-Arginine)-1-Deoxy-D-Fructose and the Possible Mutagenic Effects of Maillard Reaction Mixtures","abstract":"The absorption and metabolism of fructose-arginine was examined in weanling rats. Fructose-arginine is the Amadori compound resulting when dextrose reacts with arginine during the Maillard reaction. Fructose-(U-('14)C)-arginine and L-(U-('14)C)-arginine were administered by stomach intubation. Samples of urine, feces and CO(,2) were taken at various time intervals up to 72 hours. The absorption of the Maillard compound was found to be much slower than that of the free arginine. The percentage of administered radioactivity was much lower in expired CO(,2) for the fructose-arginine and fecal radioactivity was greater than that seen for the arginine. High levels of antibiotics in the diet had little effect on the absorption of arginine except that diarrhea led to increased fecal output. The effect of antibiotic pretreatment on the absorption of fructose-arginine was dramatic. The expiration of ('14)CO(,2) never reached a maximum during 72 hours. Less than 50% of the ('14)CO(,2) expired by the non-antibiotic-fed controls was seen in the pretreated animals. Urine radioactivity did not reach a maximum until 72 hours, as compared to a 32 hour maximum in the controls. Mutagenicity testing was conducted on Maillard products using the Ames mutagenicity test. Twenty-one amino acids were individually heated with dextrose and these reaction mixtures were tested with Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 98, TA 100 and TA 1537 with and without S-9 activation. No apparent mutagenicity was observed. The same results were shown for mixtures of amino acids and dextrose and solvent-extracted fractions of leucine and isoleucine Maillard mixtures. The only positive mutagenic results occurred when high concentration Maillard reaction mixtures were tested. Positive mutagenic responses were seen for mixtures resulting from a 1 M glycine and 1 M dextrose solution or a 1 M lysine and 1 M dextrose solution.","abstract_html":"The absorption and metabolism of fructose-arginine was examined in weanling rats. Fructose-arginine is the Amadori compound resulting when dextrose reacts with arginine during the Maillard reaction. Fructose-(U-('14)C)-arginine and L-(U-('14)C)-arginine were administered by stomach intubation. Samples of urine, feces and CO(,2) were taken at various time intervals up to 72 hours. The absorption of the Maillard compound was found to be much slower than that of the free arginine. The percentage of administered radioactivity was much lower in expired CO(,2) for the fructose-arginine and fecal radioactivity was greater than that seen for the arginine. High levels of antibiotics in the diet had little effect on the absorption of arginine except that diarrhea led to increased fecal output. The effect of antibiotic pretreatment on the absorption of fructose-arginine was dramatic. The expiration of ('14)CO(,2) never reached a maximum during 72 hours. Less than 50% of the ('14)CO(,2) expired by the non-antibiotic-fed controls was seen in the pretreated animals. Urine radioactivity did not reach a maximum until 72 hours, as compared to a 32 hour maximum in the controls. Mutagenicity testing was conducted on Maillard products using the Ames mutagenicity test. Twenty-one amino acids were individually heated with dextrose and these reaction mixtures were tested with Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 98, TA 100 and TA 1537 with and without S-9 activation. No apparent mutagenicity was observed. The same results were shown for mixtures of amino acids and dextrose and solvent-extracted fractions of leucine and isoleucine Maillard mixtures. The only positive mutagenic results occurred when high concentration Maillard reaction mixtures were tested. Positive mutagenic responses were seen for mixtures resulting from a 1 M glycine and 1 M dextrose solution or a 1 M lysine and 1 M dextrose solution.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Becher, Michael Gordon"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Food Science","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2014,"date_issued":"2014-12-15T21:09:56Z","date_published":"2014-12-15T21:09:56Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:26:02Z","subjects":["Agriculture, Food Science and Technology"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["(UMI)AAI8218427"],"render_values":[{"text":"(UMI)AAI8218427","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/70067","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Becher, Michael Gordon"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2014-12-15T21:09:56Z","10000-01-01","1982"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Food Science"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Agriculture, Food Science and Technology"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/70067","(UMI)AAI8218427"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["The absorption and metabolism of fructose-arginine was examined in weanling rats. Fructose-arginine is the Amadori compound resulting when dextrose reacts with arginine during the Maillard reaction. Fructose-(U-('14)C)-arginine and L-(U-('14)C)-arginine were administered by stomach intubation. Samples of urine, feces and CO(,2) were taken at various time intervals up to 72 hours. The absorption of the Maillard compound was found to be much slower than that of the free arginine. The percentage of administered radioactivity was much lower in expired CO(,2) for the fructose-arginine and fecal radioactivity was greater than that seen for the arginine. High levels of antibiotics in the diet had little effect on the absorption of arginine except that diarrhea led to increased fecal output. The effect of antibiotic pretreatment on the absorption of fructose-arginine was dramatic. The expiration of ('14)CO(,2) never reached a maximum during 72 hours. Less than 50% of the ('14)CO(,2) expired by the non-antibiotic-fed controls was seen in the pretreated animals. Urine radioactivity did not reach a maximum until 72 hours, as compared to a 32 hour maximum in the controls. Mutagenicity testing was conducted on Maillard products using the Ames mutagenicity test. Twenty-one amino acids were individually heated with dextrose and these reaction mixtures were tested with Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 98, TA 100 and TA 1537 with and without S-9 activation. No apparent mutagenicity was observed. The same results were shown for mixtures of amino acids and dextrose and solvent-extracted fractions of leucine and isoleucine Maillard mixtures. The only positive mutagenic results occurred when high concentration Maillard reaction mixtures were tested. Positive mutagenic responses were seen for mixtures resulting from a 1 M glycine and 1 M dextrose solution or a 1 M lysine and 1 M dextrose solution.","Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-15T21:09:56Z (GMT). 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Fructose-(U-('14)C)-arginine and L-(U-('14)C)-arginine were administered by stomach intubation. Samples of urine, feces and CO(,2) were taken at various time intervals up to 72 hours. The absorption of the Maillard compound was found to be much slower than that of the free arginine. The percentage of administered radioactivity was much lower in expired CO(,2) for the fructose-arginine and fecal radioactivity was greater than that seen for the arginine. High levels of antibiotics in the diet had little effect on the absorption of arginine except that diarrhea led to increased fecal output. The effect of antibiotic pretreatment on the absorption of fructose-arginine was dramatic. The expiration of ('14)CO(,2) never reached a maximum during 72 hours. Less than 50% of the ('14)CO(,2) expired by the non-antibiotic-fed controls was seen in the pretreated animals. Urine radioactivity did not reach a maximum until 72 hours, as compared to a 32 hour maximum in the controls. Mutagenicity testing was conducted on Maillard products using the Ames mutagenicity test. Twenty-one amino acids were individually heated with dextrose and these reaction mixtures were tested with Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 98, TA 100 and TA 1537 with and without S-9 activation. No apparent mutagenicity was observed. The same results were shown for mixtures of amino acids and dextrose and solvent-extracted fractions of leucine and isoleucine Maillard mixtures. The only positive mutagenic results occurred when high concentration Maillard reaction mixtures were tested. Positive mutagenic responses were seen for mixtures resulting from a 1 M glycine and 1 M dextrose solution or a 1 M lysine and 1 M dextrose solution.","Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-15T21:09:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 8218427.pdf: 2959038 bytes, checksum: ca6143dd273976a3aa79b15ed6ece405 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1982","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 70233 Lift date: Forever Reason: Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDs","Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDs","U of I Only","94 p.","Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1982."],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/70067","(UMI)AAI8218427"],"dc:subject":["Agriculture, Food Science and Technology"],"dc:title":["Studies on the Synthesis and Metabolism of 1-(l-Arginine)-1-Deoxy-D-Fructose and the Possible Mutagenic Effects of Maillard Reaction Mixtures"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Food Science"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:26:02Z"}