{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/66069"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/66069","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"The Effects of Cultural Orientation and Bilingualism on Inferential Comprehension","abstract":"The primary purpose of this study was to (1) determine the effect of references to an unfamiliar culture on the process of drawing inferences and (2) to compare and contrast inferencing ability of Iranian students with American students with similar academic background. A secondary purpose of the study was to examine if reading in a second language impedes the process of inferencing. To achieve these objectives, three passages, each followed by five literal and eight inferential questions, were given to each of three groups. These passages were: a neutral passage, a passage biased toward Iranian culture, and a passage biased toward American culture. The American subjects and one group of Iranian subjects read all three passages in their native language; the second group of Iranians read the passages in English.","abstract_html":"The primary purpose of this study was to (1) determine the effect of references to an unfamiliar culture on the process of drawing inferences and (2) to compare and contrast inferencing ability of Iranian students with American students with similar academic background. A secondary purpose of the study was to examine if reading in a second language impedes the process of inferencing. To achieve these objectives, three passages, each followed by five literal and eight inferential questions, were given to each of three groups. These passages were: a neutral passage, a passage biased toward Iranian culture, and a passage biased toward American culture. The American subjects and one group of Iranian subjects read all three passages in their native language; the second group of Iranians read the passages in English.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Vahid-Ekbatani, Glayol"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Education","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2014,"date_issued":"2014-12-12T19:57:39Z","date_published":"2014-12-12T19:57:39Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:55Z","subjects":["Education, Secondary"],"languages":["eng"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["(UMI)AAI8129573"],"render_values":[{"text":"(UMI)AAI8129573","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/66069","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Vahid-Ekbatani, Glayol"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2014-12-12T19:57:39Z","10000-01-01","1981"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Education"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Education, Secondary"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["eng"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/66069","(UMI)AAI8129573"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["The primary purpose of this study was to (1) determine the effect of references to an unfamiliar culture on the process of drawing inferences and (2) to compare and contrast inferencing ability of Iranian students with American students with similar academic background. A secondary purpose of the study was to examine if reading in a second language impedes the process of inferencing. To achieve these objectives, three passages, each followed by five literal and eight inferential questions, were given to each of three groups. These passages were: a neutral passage, a passage biased toward Iranian culture, and a passage biased toward American culture. The American subjects and one group of Iranian subjects read all three passages in their native language; the second group of Iranians read the passages in English.","The data, as analyzed by ANOVA and a series of planned comparisons, indicated a significant superiority in the inferencing behavior of American subjects over Iranians in reading culturally neutral passage. In reading the American biased passage, Americans again outperformed Iranians. The difference was even larger when the passage was read in English which is the second language to Iranians. In reading the Iranian biased passage, however, there was a significant superiority in Iranian subject performance.","In view of the results of the experiments, it was concluded that, (1) Iranians draw less inferences from a given text than Americans with similar academic background; (2) references to an unfamiliar culture in a text impede drawing inferences from that text; (3) language becomes more of an impeding factor in drawing inferences when it is compounded with cultural unfamiliarity.","Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-12T19:57:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 8129573.pdf: 3922061 bytes, checksum: c43f4907492d573d4024d2b3b7a9a860 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1981","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 66248 Lift date: Forever Reason: Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDs","Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDs","U of I Only","109 p.","Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1981."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The Effects of Cultural Orientation and Bilingualism on Inferential Comprehension"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:creator":["Vahid-Ekbatani, Glayol"],"dc:date":["2014-12-12T19:57:39Z","10000-01-01","1981"],"dc:description":["The primary purpose of this study was to (1) determine the effect of references to an unfamiliar culture on the process of drawing inferences and (2) to compare and contrast inferencing ability of Iranian students with American students with similar academic background. A secondary purpose of the study was to examine if reading in a second language impedes the process of inferencing. To achieve these objectives, three passages, each followed by five literal and eight inferential questions, were given to each of three groups. These passages were: a neutral passage, a passage biased toward Iranian culture, and a passage biased toward American culture. The American subjects and one group of Iranian subjects read all three passages in their native language; the second group of Iranians read the passages in English.","The data, as analyzed by ANOVA and a series of planned comparisons, indicated a significant superiority in the inferencing behavior of American subjects over Iranians in reading culturally neutral passage. In reading the American biased passage, Americans again outperformed Iranians. The difference was even larger when the passage was read in English which is the second language to Iranians. In reading the Iranian biased passage, however, there was a significant superiority in Iranian subject performance.","In view of the results of the experiments, it was concluded that, (1) Iranians draw less inferences from a given text than Americans with similar academic background; (2) references to an unfamiliar culture in a text impede drawing inferences from that text; (3) language becomes more of an impeding factor in drawing inferences when it is compounded with cultural unfamiliarity.","Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-12T19:57:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 8129573.pdf: 3922061 bytes, checksum: c43f4907492d573d4024d2b3b7a9a860 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1981","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 66248 Lift date: Forever Reason: Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDs","Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDs","U of I Only","109 p.","Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1981."],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/66069","(UMI)AAI8129573"],"dc:language":["eng"],"dc:subject":["Education, Secondary"],"dc:title":["The Effects of Cultural Orientation and Bilingualism on Inferential Comprehension"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Education"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:55Z"}