{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/45395"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/45395","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Characterization of calcium-silicate-hydrate and calcium-alumino-silicate-hydrate","abstract":"The primary objectives of this thesis were to synthesize calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) and calcium aluminosilicate hydrate (C-A-S-H) and characterize their structures with varying Ca/Si ratios and aluminum content. As a secondary objective, carbonation behavior in synthesized C-S-H was studied. C-S-H was synthesized in the lab using two different methods: the double decomposition of calcium nitrate and sodium silicate solutions, and the direct reaction between calcium oxide and fumed silica in water. In C-A-S-H the source of aluminum was sodium aluminate or aluminum nitrate. A variety of phases were present depending on the degree of carbonation of the C-S-H or C-A-S-H. C-S-H, C-A-S-H, alumina/silica gel, calcite, aragonite, and vaterite were all observed throughout the course of study. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was the technique used to identify these phases. XRD was also used to explore the changes in crystal structure with varying Ca/Si ratios and aluminum content. No significant changes to the crystal structure were found. The effect of Ca/Si ratio, aluminum content, and synthesis method were studied on the molecular scale using 29Si and 27Al nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). An increasing Ca/Si ratio has the effect of a shorter alumino-silicate chain length and an increase in aluminum content increases the alumino-silicate chain length. Aluminum substitution occurred primarily in the bridging tetrahedron position, but also in the pairing tetrahedron position. Aluminum uptake was also examined with respect with Ca/Si ratio and was found to decrease with increasing Ca/Si ratio. The changes in chemical environment of the iii aluminum ion with varying Ca/(Si+Al) ratios was also observed by 27Al NMR. It was found that as the Ca/(Si+Al) ratio increased, the amount of chemical shielding of the 27Al nuclei decreased . Carbonation of C-S-H was also examined and it was found that the double decomposition synthesis method allows for more rapid carbonation of the CS- H. The source of increased carbonation rate is the high pH of the solutions.","abstract_html":"The primary objectives of this thesis were to synthesize calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) and calcium aluminosilicate hydrate (C-A-S-H) and characterize their structures with varying Ca/Si ratios and aluminum content. As a secondary objective, carbonation behavior in synthesized C-S-H was studied. C-S-H was synthesized in the lab using two different methods: the double decomposition of calcium nitrate and sodium silicate solutions, and the direct reaction between calcium oxide and fumed silica in water. In C-A-S-H the source of aluminum was sodium aluminate or aluminum nitrate. A variety of phases were present depending on the degree of carbonation of the C-S-H or C-A-S-H. C-S-H, C-A-S-H, alumina/silica gel, calcite, aragonite, and vaterite were all observed throughout the course of study. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was the technique used to identify these phases. XRD was also used to explore the changes in crystal structure with varying Ca/Si ratios and aluminum content. No significant changes to the crystal structure were found. The effect of Ca/Si ratio, aluminum content, and synthesis method were studied on the molecular scale using 29Si and 27Al nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). An increasing Ca/Si ratio has the effect of a shorter alumino-silicate chain length and an increase in aluminum content increases the alumino-silicate chain length. Aluminum substitution occurred primarily in the bridging tetrahedron position, but also in the pairing tetrahedron position. Aluminum uptake was also examined with respect with Ca/Si ratio and was found to decrease with increasing Ca/Si ratio. The changes in chemical environment of the iii aluminum ion with varying Ca/(Si+Al) ratios was also observed by 27Al NMR. It was found that as the Ca/(Si+Al) ratio increased, the amount of chemical shielding of the 27Al nuclei decreased . Carbonation of C-S-H was also examined and it was found that the double decomposition synthesis method allows for more rapid carbonation of the CS- H. The source of increased carbonation rate is the high pH of the solutions.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Hunnicutt, William"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Civil Engineering","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Struble, Leslie J."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2013,"date_issued":"2013-08-22T16:38:55Z","date_published":"2013-08-22T16:38:55Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:34Z","subjects":["calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H)","calcium aluminosilicate hydrate (C-A-S-H)","nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR)","Carbonation","Ca/Si"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2013 William Hunnicutt"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/45395","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Struble, Leslie J."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Hunnicutt, William"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2013-08-22T16:38:55Z","2013-08"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Civil Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H)","calcium aluminosilicate hydrate (C-A-S-H)","nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR)","Carbonation","Ca/Si"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2013 William Hunnicutt"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/45395"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["The primary objectives of this thesis were to synthesize calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) and calcium aluminosilicate hydrate (C-A-S-H) and characterize their structures with varying Ca/Si ratios and aluminum content. As a secondary objective, carbonation behavior in synthesized C-S-H was studied. C-S-H was synthesized in the lab using two different methods: the double decomposition of calcium nitrate and sodium silicate solutions, and the direct reaction between calcium oxide and fumed silica in water. In C-A-S-H the source of aluminum was sodium aluminate or aluminum nitrate. A variety of phases were present depending on the degree of carbonation of the C-S-H or C-A-S-H. C-S-H, C-A-S-H, alumina/silica gel, calcite, aragonite, and vaterite were all observed throughout the course of study. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was the technique used to identify these phases. XRD was also used to explore the changes in crystal structure with varying Ca/Si ratios and aluminum content. No significant changes to the crystal structure were found. The effect of Ca/Si ratio, aluminum content, and synthesis method were studied on the molecular scale using 29Si and 27Al nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). An increasing Ca/Si ratio has the effect of a shorter alumino-silicate chain length and an increase in aluminum content increases the alumino-silicate chain length. Aluminum substitution occurred primarily in the bridging tetrahedron position, but also in the pairing tetrahedron position. Aluminum uptake was also examined with respect with Ca/Si ratio and was found to decrease with increasing Ca/Si ratio. The changes in chemical environment of the iii aluminum ion with varying Ca/(Si+Al) ratios was also observed by 27Al NMR. It was found that as the Ca/(Si+Al) ratio increased, the amount of chemical shielding of the 27Al nuclei decreased . Carbonation of C-S-H was also examined and it was found that the double decomposition synthesis method allows for more rapid carbonation of the CS- H. The source of increased carbonation rate is the high pH of the solutions.","Item withdrawn by Mark Zulauf (zulauf@illinois.edu) on 2013-07-16T18:55:20Z Item was in collections: University of Illinois Theses & Dissertations (ID: 1) No. of bitstreams: 4 MS Thesis_v4 with refs formatted v2.docx: 4766963 bytes, checksum: 1f97de3268cf062a5aca854ab9d732c8 (MD5) ABSTRACT and acknowledgements FINAL.docx: 20917 bytes, checksum: d013c4ae68fd3b33904c548b791656a3 (MD5) thesis title page.docx: 11979 bytes, checksum: 9b1cd0b9ef1f013c4b6523e627849fd5 (MD5) Hunnicutt_William.pdf: 4505955 bytes, checksum: 2a47e4bbf7226e54ad0830abac2e71f0 (MD5)","Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T16:38:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 William_Hunnicutt.pdf: 4505955 bytes, checksum: 2a47e4bbf7226e54ad0830abac2e71f0 (MD5) MS Thesis_v4 with refs formatted v2.docx: 4766963 bytes, checksum: 1f97de3268cf062a5aca854ab9d732c8 (MD5) ABSTRACT and acknowledgements FINAL.docx: 20917 bytes, checksum: d013c4ae68fd3b33904c548b791656a3 (MD5) thesis title page.docx: 11979 bytes, checksum: 9b1cd0b9ef1f013c4b6523e627849fd5 (MD5) license.txt: 4067 bytes, checksum: f713eec48200f782e976911b3276c657 (MD5)"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Characterization of calcium-silicate-hydrate and calcium-alumino-silicate-hydrate"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Struble, Leslie J."],"dc:creator":["Hunnicutt, William"],"dc:date":["2013-08-22T16:38:55Z","2013-08"],"dc:description":["The primary objectives of this thesis were to synthesize calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) and calcium aluminosilicate hydrate (C-A-S-H) and characterize their structures with varying Ca/Si ratios and aluminum content. As a secondary objective, carbonation behavior in synthesized C-S-H was studied. C-S-H was synthesized in the lab using two different methods: the double decomposition of calcium nitrate and sodium silicate solutions, and the direct reaction between calcium oxide and fumed silica in water. In C-A-S-H the source of aluminum was sodium aluminate or aluminum nitrate. A variety of phases were present depending on the degree of carbonation of the C-S-H or C-A-S-H. C-S-H, C-A-S-H, alumina/silica gel, calcite, aragonite, and vaterite were all observed throughout the course of study. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was the technique used to identify these phases. XRD was also used to explore the changes in crystal structure with varying Ca/Si ratios and aluminum content. No significant changes to the crystal structure were found. The effect of Ca/Si ratio, aluminum content, and synthesis method were studied on the molecular scale using 29Si and 27Al nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). An increasing Ca/Si ratio has the effect of a shorter alumino-silicate chain length and an increase in aluminum content increases the alumino-silicate chain length. Aluminum substitution occurred primarily in the bridging tetrahedron position, but also in the pairing tetrahedron position. Aluminum uptake was also examined with respect with Ca/Si ratio and was found to decrease with increasing Ca/Si ratio. The changes in chemical environment of the iii aluminum ion with varying Ca/(Si+Al) ratios was also observed by 27Al NMR. It was found that as the Ca/(Si+Al) ratio increased, the amount of chemical shielding of the 27Al nuclei decreased . Carbonation of C-S-H was also examined and it was found that the double decomposition synthesis method allows for more rapid carbonation of the CS- H. The source of increased carbonation rate is the high pH of the solutions.","Item withdrawn by Mark Zulauf (zulauf@illinois.edu) on 2013-07-16T18:55:20Z Item was in collections: University of Illinois Theses & Dissertations (ID: 1) No. of bitstreams: 4 MS Thesis_v4 with refs formatted v2.docx: 4766963 bytes, checksum: 1f97de3268cf062a5aca854ab9d732c8 (MD5) ABSTRACT and acknowledgements FINAL.docx: 20917 bytes, checksum: d013c4ae68fd3b33904c548b791656a3 (MD5) thesis title page.docx: 11979 bytes, checksum: 9b1cd0b9ef1f013c4b6523e627849fd5 (MD5) Hunnicutt_William.pdf: 4505955 bytes, checksum: 2a47e4bbf7226e54ad0830abac2e71f0 (MD5)","Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T16:38:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 William_Hunnicutt.pdf: 4505955 bytes, checksum: 2a47e4bbf7226e54ad0830abac2e71f0 (MD5) MS Thesis_v4 with refs formatted v2.docx: 4766963 bytes, checksum: 1f97de3268cf062a5aca854ab9d732c8 (MD5) ABSTRACT and acknowledgements FINAL.docx: 20917 bytes, checksum: d013c4ae68fd3b33904c548b791656a3 (MD5) thesis title page.docx: 11979 bytes, checksum: 9b1cd0b9ef1f013c4b6523e627849fd5 (MD5) license.txt: 4067 bytes, checksum: f713eec48200f782e976911b3276c657 (MD5)"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/45395"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2013 William Hunnicutt"],"dc:subject":["calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H)","calcium aluminosilicate hydrate (C-A-S-H)","nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR)","Carbonation","Ca/Si"],"dc:title":["Characterization of calcium-silicate-hydrate and calcium-alumino-silicate-hydrate"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Civil Engineering"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:34Z"}