{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/42456"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/42456","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Biochemical and molecular analyses of plant cell wall degrading enzymes from the rumen bacterium Ruminococcus albus 8","abstract":"Ruminants rely on microorganisms inhabiting the rumen to digest plant matter for subsequent fermentation to provide the host with the majority of its energy demands. Ruminococcus albus 8 is a rumen bacterium that efficiently degrades and ferments plant cell wall polysaccharides, such as cellulose and hemicelluloses. Xylan, a hemicellulosic polymer of β-1,4 linked xylose monomers may be appended with arabinose, glucuronic acid, and acetyl residues. Several classes of enzymes attack the polysaccharide to release the constitutive monosaccharides. Lichenin is a linear polymer of glucose linked together by β-1,3 and β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. Lichenin can be found in lichens and common feeds such as barley, sorghum, and wheat. A bioinformatic analysis of the genome of R. albus 8 revealed five genes encoding glycoside hydrolases predicted to hydrolyze the xylose backbone and several genes encoding putative accessory enzymes that are expected to remove side chains from xylans. The genes were cloned, heterologously expressed in E. coli, and biochemically characterized to determine how the enzymes function synergistically to release soluble sugars that can be fermented by R. albus 8. In an experiment designed to identify cellulase encoding genes in the genome of R. albus 8, four genes encoding lichenin degrading enzymes were identified. An enzyme mixture was created, and the components were shown to act synergistically to release, from the polysaccharide, cellobiose and cellotriose which are preferentially utilized by R. albus.","abstract_html":"Ruminants rely on microorganisms inhabiting the rumen to digest plant matter for subsequent fermentation to provide the host with the majority of its energy demands. Ruminococcus albus 8 is a rumen bacterium that efficiently degrades and ferments plant cell wall polysaccharides, such as cellulose and hemicelluloses. Xylan, a hemicellulosic polymer of β-1,4 linked xylose monomers may be appended with arabinose, glucuronic acid, and acetyl residues. Several classes of enzymes attack the polysaccharide to release the constitutive monosaccharides. Lichenin is a linear polymer of glucose linked together by β-1,3 and β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. Lichenin can be found in lichens and common feeds such as barley, sorghum, and wheat. A bioinformatic analysis of the genome of R. albus 8 revealed five genes encoding glycoside hydrolases predicted to hydrolyze the xylose backbone and several genes encoding putative accessory enzymes that are expected to remove side chains from xylans. The genes were cloned, heterologously expressed in E. coli, and biochemically characterized to determine how the enzymes function synergistically to release soluble sugars that can be fermented by R. albus 8. In an experiment designed to identify cellulase encoding genes in the genome of R. albus 8, four genes encoding lichenin degrading enzymes were identified. An enzyme mixture was created, and the components were shown to act synergistically to release, from the polysaccharide, cellobiose and cellotriose which are preferentially utilized by R. albus.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Iakiviak, Michael"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Animal Sciences","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Cann, Isaac K."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2013,"date_issued":"2013-02-03T19:46:14Z","date_published":"2013-02-03T19:46:14Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:33Z","subjects":["Xylanase","lichenase","Ruminococcus","glycoside hydrolase"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2012 Michael Iakiviak"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/42456","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Cann, Isaac K."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Iakiviak, Michael"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2013-02-03T19:46:14Z","2015-02-03T11:00:43Z","2012-12"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Animal Sciences"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Xylanase","lichenase","Ruminococcus","glycoside hydrolase"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2012 Michael Iakiviak"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/42456"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Ruminants rely on microorganisms inhabiting the rumen to digest plant matter for subsequent fermentation to provide the host with the majority of its energy demands. Ruminococcus albus 8 is a rumen bacterium that efficiently degrades and ferments plant cell wall polysaccharides, such as cellulose and hemicelluloses. Xylan, a hemicellulosic polymer of β-1,4 linked xylose monomers may be appended with arabinose, glucuronic acid, and acetyl residues. Several classes of enzymes attack the polysaccharide to release the constitutive monosaccharides. Lichenin is a linear polymer of glucose linked together by β-1,3 and β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. Lichenin can be found in lichens and common feeds such as barley, sorghum, and wheat. A bioinformatic analysis of the genome of R. albus 8 revealed five genes encoding glycoside hydrolases predicted to hydrolyze the xylose backbone and several genes encoding putative accessory enzymes that are expected to remove side chains from xylans. The genes were cloned, heterologously expressed in E. coli, and biochemically characterized to determine how the enzymes function synergistically to release soluble sugars that can be fermented by R. albus 8. In an experiment designed to identify cellulase encoding genes in the genome of R. albus 8, four genes encoding lichenin degrading enzymes were identified. An enzyme mixture was created, and the components were shown to act synergistically to release, from the polysaccharide, cellobiose and cellotriose which are preferentially utilized by R. albus.","Item withdrawn by Katherine Eriksen (eriksen3@illinois.edu) on 2012-12-04T16:20:09Z Item was in collections: University of Illinois Theses & Dissertations (ID: 1) No. of bitstreams: 2 Iakiviak_Michael.docx: 7743585 bytes, checksum: 1bbc8aed870e6fba60dafb7942019b42 (MD5) Iakiviak_Michael.pdf: 3890543 bytes, checksum: 340b38447e4c660fe986c0294ca82f9a (MD5)","Made available in DSpace on 2013-02-03T19:46:14Z (GMT). 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Ruminococcus albus 8 is a rumen bacterium that efficiently degrades and ferments plant cell wall polysaccharides, such as cellulose and hemicelluloses. Xylan, a hemicellulosic polymer of β-1,4 linked xylose monomers may be appended with arabinose, glucuronic acid, and acetyl residues. Several classes of enzymes attack the polysaccharide to release the constitutive monosaccharides. Lichenin is a linear polymer of glucose linked together by β-1,3 and β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. Lichenin can be found in lichens and common feeds such as barley, sorghum, and wheat. A bioinformatic analysis of the genome of R. albus 8 revealed five genes encoding glycoside hydrolases predicted to hydrolyze the xylose backbone and several genes encoding putative accessory enzymes that are expected to remove side chains from xylans. The genes were cloned, heterologously expressed in E. coli, and biochemically characterized to determine how the enzymes function synergistically to release soluble sugars that can be fermented by R. albus 8. In an experiment designed to identify cellulase encoding genes in the genome of R. albus 8, four genes encoding lichenin degrading enzymes were identified. An enzyme mixture was created, and the components were shown to act synergistically to release, from the polysaccharide, cellobiose and cellotriose which are preferentially utilized by R. albus.","Item withdrawn by Katherine Eriksen (eriksen3@illinois.edu) on 2012-12-04T16:20:09Z Item was in collections: University of Illinois Theses & Dissertations (ID: 1) No. of bitstreams: 2 Iakiviak_Michael.docx: 7743585 bytes, checksum: 1bbc8aed870e6fba60dafb7942019b42 (MD5) Iakiviak_Michael.pdf: 3890543 bytes, checksum: 340b38447e4c660fe986c0294ca82f9a (MD5)","Made available in DSpace on 2013-02-03T19:46:14Z (GMT). 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