{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/34476"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/34476","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Continuous-flow photocatalytic treatment of pharmaceutical micropollutants: activity, inhibition, and deactivation of TiO2 photocatalysts in natural water matrices","abstract":"Made available in DSpace on 2012-09-18T21:18:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Carbonaro_Sean.pdf: 2621237 bytes, checksum: 5fc720bdde6038dc49b55d7e2a910a3a (MD5) license.txt: 4064 bytes, checksum: 5773ab6b14d3b6df5974ca74f7c7db18 (MD5)","abstract_html":"Made available in DSpace on 2012-09-18T21:18:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Carbonaro_Sean.pdf: 2621237 bytes, checksum: 5fc720bdde6038dc49b55d7e2a910a3a (MD5) license.txt: 4064 bytes, checksum: 5773ab6b14d3b6df5974ca74f7c7db18 (MD5)","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Carbonaro, Sean"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Environ Engr in Civil Engr","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Strathmann, Timothy J."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2012,"date_issued":"2012-09-18T21:18:59Z","date_published":"2012-09-18T21:18:59Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:31Z","subjects":["photocatalyst","deactivation","inhibition","pharmaceuticals"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2012 Sean Carbonaro"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/34476","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Strathmann, Timothy J."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Carbonaro, Sean"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2012-09-18T21:18:59Z","2014-09-18T10:01:01Z","2012-08"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Environ Engr in Civil Engr"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["photocatalyst","deactivation","inhibition","pharmaceuticals"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2012 Sean Carbonaro"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/34476"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Made available in DSpace on 2012-09-18T21:18:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Carbonaro_Sean.pdf: 2621237 bytes, checksum: 5fc720bdde6038dc49b55d7e2a910a3a (MD5) license.txt: 4064 bytes, checksum: 5773ab6b14d3b6df5974ca74f7c7db18 (MD5)","Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Seth Robbins (srobbins@illinois.edu) on 2012-09-18T21:21:12Z Item is restricted until 2014-09-18T21:21:01Z","Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:35:07-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: 2014-09-18 16:21:01 UTC Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalysts have been shown to be effective at degrading a wide range of organic micropollutants under ideal laboratory solution conditions (e.g., deionized water). However, little research has been performed regarding photocatalyst performance in more complex matrices representative of contaminated water sources (e.g., wastewater effluent, groundwater). Here, a benchtop continuous-flow reactor was developed for the purpose of studying the activity, inhibition, and deactivation of immobilized TiO2 photocatalysts during water treatment applications. As a demonstration, degradation of four model pharmaceutical micropollutants (iopromide, acetaminophen, sulfamethoxazole, and carbamazepine) was monitored in both deionized water (DI), biologically treated wastewater effluent (WWE), and groundwater (GW) to study the effects of non-target constituents present in the latter matrix. Reactor performance was shown to be sufficiently stable over 7 days when treating micropollutants in DI. When reactor influent was switched WWE, photocatalytic degradation of individual micropollutants was inhibited to varying degrees, ranging from 42 to 86%. However, most of the catalyst activity was recovered upon switching back to the DI matrix after 4 d, suggesting mostly competitive inhibition of the photocatalysts by WWE matrix components (e.g., effluent organic matter scavenging of OH) rather than irreversible catalyst deactivation. Experiments conducted using pretreated WWE and synthetic WWE mimic solutions indicated that both organic and inorganic constituents in WWE contributed to the observed catalyst inhibition. Analysis of immobilized TiO2 thin films after 4 d of continuous treatment of the WWE matrix indicated minor deterioration of the porous thin film. Photocatalytic degradation rates of micropollutants displayed different trends on a GW-exposed photocatalyst. Easily oxidizable compounds (acetaminophen and sulfamethoxazole) were little affected by catalyst exposure to GW, while more recalcitrant compounds (iopromide and carbamazepine) were significantly inhibited. Significant calcium precipitation was found on the catalyst using SEM-EDS. Oxalic acid was found to be an effective rinsing solution of the catalyst. It is suspected that calcium, manganese, and iron are the primary groundwater constituents responsible for catalyst deactivation, but further tests are needed to confirm. Results demonstrate the marked influence of non-target constituents present in complex matrices on long-term catalyst activity and highlight the need for increased study of this important issue to further the development of practical photocatalytic water treatment technologies.","Item withdrawn by Mark Zulauf (zulauf@illinois.edu) on 2012-07-13T15:51:29Z Item was in collections: University of Illinois Theses & Dissertations (ID: 1) No. of bitstreams: 1 Carbonaro_Sean.pdf: 3867317 bytes, checksum: 32f5ce151f0f2f2b2166431f6da7b5ff (MD5)","U of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 34750 on 2014-09-18T10:01:01Z."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Continuous-flow photocatalytic treatment of pharmaceutical micropollutants: activity, inhibition, and deactivation of TiO2 photocatalysts in natural water matrices"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Strathmann, Timothy J."],"dc:creator":["Carbonaro, Sean"],"dc:date":["2012-09-18T21:18:59Z","2014-09-18T10:01:01Z","2012-08"],"dc:description":["Made available in DSpace on 2012-09-18T21:18:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Carbonaro_Sean.pdf: 2621237 bytes, checksum: 5fc720bdde6038dc49b55d7e2a910a3a (MD5) license.txt: 4064 bytes, checksum: 5773ab6b14d3b6df5974ca74f7c7db18 (MD5)","Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Seth Robbins (srobbins@illinois.edu) on 2012-09-18T21:21:12Z Item is restricted until 2014-09-18T21:21:01Z","Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:35:07-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: 2014-09-18 16:21:01 UTC Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalysts have been shown to be effective at degrading a wide range of organic micropollutants under ideal laboratory solution conditions (e.g., deionized water). However, little research has been performed regarding photocatalyst performance in more complex matrices representative of contaminated water sources (e.g., wastewater effluent, groundwater). Here, a benchtop continuous-flow reactor was developed for the purpose of studying the activity, inhibition, and deactivation of immobilized TiO2 photocatalysts during water treatment applications. As a demonstration, degradation of four model pharmaceutical micropollutants (iopromide, acetaminophen, sulfamethoxazole, and carbamazepine) was monitored in both deionized water (DI), biologically treated wastewater effluent (WWE), and groundwater (GW) to study the effects of non-target constituents present in the latter matrix. Reactor performance was shown to be sufficiently stable over 7 days when treating micropollutants in DI. When reactor influent was switched WWE, photocatalytic degradation of individual micropollutants was inhibited to varying degrees, ranging from 42 to 86%. However, most of the catalyst activity was recovered upon switching back to the DI matrix after 4 d, suggesting mostly competitive inhibition of the photocatalysts by WWE matrix components (e.g., effluent organic matter scavenging of OH) rather than irreversible catalyst deactivation. Experiments conducted using pretreated WWE and synthetic WWE mimic solutions indicated that both organic and inorganic constituents in WWE contributed to the observed catalyst inhibition. Analysis of immobilized TiO2 thin films after 4 d of continuous treatment of the WWE matrix indicated minor deterioration of the porous thin film. Photocatalytic degradation rates of micropollutants displayed different trends on a GW-exposed photocatalyst. Easily oxidizable compounds (acetaminophen and sulfamethoxazole) were little affected by catalyst exposure to GW, while more recalcitrant compounds (iopromide and carbamazepine) were significantly inhibited. Significant calcium precipitation was found on the catalyst using SEM-EDS. Oxalic acid was found to be an effective rinsing solution of the catalyst. It is suspected that calcium, manganese, and iron are the primary groundwater constituents responsible for catalyst deactivation, but further tests are needed to confirm. Results demonstrate the marked influence of non-target constituents present in complex matrices on long-term catalyst activity and highlight the need for increased study of this important issue to further the development of practical photocatalytic water treatment technologies.","Item withdrawn by Mark Zulauf (zulauf@illinois.edu) on 2012-07-13T15:51:29Z Item was in collections: University of Illinois Theses & Dissertations (ID: 1) No. of bitstreams: 1 Carbonaro_Sean.pdf: 3867317 bytes, checksum: 32f5ce151f0f2f2b2166431f6da7b5ff (MD5)","U of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 34750 on 2014-09-18T10:01:01Z."],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/34476"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2012 Sean Carbonaro"],"dc:subject":["photocatalyst","deactivation","inhibition","pharmaceuticals"],"dc:title":["Continuous-flow photocatalytic treatment of pharmaceutical micropollutants: activity, inhibition, and deactivation of TiO2 photocatalysts in natural water matrices"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Environ Engr in Civil Engr"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:31Z"}