{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/29633"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/29633","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Clashes of civilizations: critical conditions for evocation of hostile attitude toward foreign intrusion of cultural space","abstract":"Facing the increasingly intensified interactions between cultures, why do people sometimes react to foreign cultural influence in a negative way? Three critical conditions were proposed to account for people’s negative reactions toward intrusion of a foreign element into the sacred space of the local community. These three conditions are (a) perceptions of the foreign element as a symbol of the culture it belongs to; (b) the foreign element is perceived to have intruded into the physical space of the local community; and (c) the local space is widely regarded by the local community with reverence and respect. Experiments 1 to 3 tested this proposed framework in different intercultural contexts: Chinese’s responses to the opening of a new McDonald’s shop at the Great Wall of China (Experiment 1); Americans’ responses to an image of Mao Zedong superimposed on that of the Statue of Liberty (Experiment 2); and Americans’ responses to the construction of a Muslim Mosque near Ground Zero in New York City (Experiment 3). The results from these three experiments supported the proposed model. Two additional experiments (Experiments 4 and 5) explored other bases of resistance to spatial intrusions of a foreign element. Results from these additional experiments showed that when cultural intrusions occur in a foreign country or in a competitive political outgroup, individuals may be motivated by culture preservation values, or by political ideology to resist or welcome these intrusions. I close with a discussion on the implications of the results for managing intercultural relations and future research.","abstract_html":"Facing the increasingly intensified interactions between cultures, why do people sometimes react to foreign cultural influence in a negative way? Three critical conditions were proposed to account for people’s negative reactions toward intrusion of a foreign element into the sacred space of the local community. These three conditions are (a) perceptions of the foreign element as a symbol of the culture it belongs to; (b) the foreign element is perceived to have intruded into the physical space of the local community; and (c) the local space is widely regarded by the local community with reverence and respect. Experiments 1 to 3 tested this proposed framework in different intercultural contexts: Chinese’s responses to the opening of a new McDonald’s shop at the Great Wall of China (Experiment 1); Americans’ responses to an image of Mao Zedong superimposed on that of the Statue of Liberty (Experiment 2); and Americans’ responses to the construction of a Muslim Mosque near Ground Zero in New York City (Experiment 3). The results from these three experiments supported the proposed model. Two additional experiments (Experiments 4 and 5) explored other bases of resistance to spatial intrusions of a foreign element. Results from these additional experiments showed that when cultural intrusions occur in a foreign country or in a competitive political outgroup, individuals may be motivated by culture preservation values, or by political ideology to resist or welcome these intrusions. I close with a discussion on the implications of the results for managing intercultural relations and future research.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Yang, Yung-Jui"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Psychology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Chiu, Chi-Yue","Wyer, Robert S., Jr.","Cohen, Dov","Vargas, Patrick T."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2012,"date_issued":"2012-02-06T20:07:59Z","date_published":"2012-02-06T20:07:59Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:27Z","subjects":["intercultural relations","cultural symbolism","spatial intrusion"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2011 Yung-Jui Yang"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/29633","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Chiu, Chi-Yue","Wyer, Robert S., Jr.","Cohen, Dov","Vargas, Patrick T."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Yang, Yung-Jui"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2012-02-06T20:07:59Z","2011-12"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Dissertation / Thesis","text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Psychology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["intercultural relations","cultural symbolism","spatial intrusion"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2011 Yung-Jui Yang"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/29633"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Facing the increasingly intensified interactions between cultures, why do people sometimes react to foreign cultural influence in a negative way? Three critical conditions were proposed to account for people’s negative reactions toward intrusion of a foreign element into the sacred space of the local community. These three conditions are (a) perceptions of the foreign element as a symbol of the culture it belongs to; (b) the foreign element is perceived to have intruded into the physical space of the local community; and (c) the local space is widely regarded by the local community with reverence and respect. Experiments 1 to 3 tested this proposed framework in different intercultural contexts: Chinese’s responses to the opening of a new McDonald’s shop at the Great Wall of China (Experiment 1); Americans’ responses to an image of Mao Zedong superimposed on that of the Statue of Liberty (Experiment 2); and Americans’ responses to the construction of a Muslim Mosque near Ground Zero in New York City (Experiment 3). The results from these three experiments supported the proposed model. Two additional experiments (Experiments 4 and 5) explored other bases of resistance to spatial intrusions of a foreign element. Results from these additional experiments showed that when cultural intrusions occur in a foreign country or in a competitive political outgroup, individuals may be motivated by culture preservation values, or by political ideology to resist or welcome these intrusions. I close with a discussion on the implications of the results for managing intercultural relations and future research.","Item withdrawn by Mark Zulauf (zulauf@illinois.edu) on 2011-11-17T18:57:11Z Item was in collections: University of Illinois Theses & Dissertations (ID: 1) No. of bitstreams: 2 Yang_Yung-Yang.docx: 776143 bytes, checksum: 41695c866d7a1b225ba67cdcf65ca427 (MD5) Yang_Yung-Yang.pdf: 1467464 bytes, checksum: c568178aa75a8c59a02c7e90d487a5e1 (MD5)","Made available in DSpace on 2012-02-06T20:07:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 Yang_Yung-Jui.pdf: 1468107 bytes, checksum: fb43caecdfca38c021d1a76b6357d4a1 (MD5) license.txt: 4057 bytes, checksum: 7e25d910f8bc82b44b42855303a422ec (MD5) Yang_Yung-Jui.docx: 776581 bytes, checksum: 3bcae1242cbcde0df6247c34d5f2f102 (MD5)"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Clashes of civilizations: critical conditions for evocation of hostile attitude toward foreign intrusion of cultural space"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Chiu, Chi-Yue","Wyer, Robert S., Jr.","Cohen, Dov","Vargas, Patrick T."],"dc:creator":["Yang, Yung-Jui"],"dc:date":["2012-02-06T20:07:59Z","2011-12"],"dc:description":["Facing the increasingly intensified interactions between cultures, why do people sometimes react to foreign cultural influence in a negative way? Three critical conditions were proposed to account for people’s negative reactions toward intrusion of a foreign element into the sacred space of the local community. These three conditions are (a) perceptions of the foreign element as a symbol of the culture it belongs to; (b) the foreign element is perceived to have intruded into the physical space of the local community; and (c) the local space is widely regarded by the local community with reverence and respect. Experiments 1 to 3 tested this proposed framework in different intercultural contexts: Chinese’s responses to the opening of a new McDonald’s shop at the Great Wall of China (Experiment 1); Americans’ responses to an image of Mao Zedong superimposed on that of the Statue of Liberty (Experiment 2); and Americans’ responses to the construction of a Muslim Mosque near Ground Zero in New York City (Experiment 3). The results from these three experiments supported the proposed model. Two additional experiments (Experiments 4 and 5) explored other bases of resistance to spatial intrusions of a foreign element. Results from these additional experiments showed that when cultural intrusions occur in a foreign country or in a competitive political outgroup, individuals may be motivated by culture preservation values, or by political ideology to resist or welcome these intrusions. I close with a discussion on the implications of the results for managing intercultural relations and future research.","Item withdrawn by Mark Zulauf (zulauf@illinois.edu) on 2011-11-17T18:57:11Z Item was in collections: University of Illinois Theses & Dissertations (ID: 1) No. of bitstreams: 2 Yang_Yung-Yang.docx: 776143 bytes, checksum: 41695c866d7a1b225ba67cdcf65ca427 (MD5) Yang_Yung-Yang.pdf: 1467464 bytes, checksum: c568178aa75a8c59a02c7e90d487a5e1 (MD5)","Made available in DSpace on 2012-02-06T20:07:59Z (GMT). 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