{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/26335"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/26335","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Socio-moral expectations in infants and toddlers","abstract":"The present research explored whether infants and toddlers would have early expectations of socio-moral norms. In particular, we asked whether and how children’s expectations about reciprocity would be modulated by considerations of ingroup loyalty. Chapter 2 focused on the idea of “escalation” and provided evidence that infants expect an individual to retaliate more severely against an outgroup member than against an ingroup member. Chapter 3 focused on the idea of “co-retaliation” and suggested that both infants and toddlers expect an individual to retaliate against an outgroup member who had previously hindered the individual’s group member. Chapter 4 focused on the idea of “privilege” and showed that toddlers expect an individual to act more positively in response to a friendly overture by an ingroup member than by an outgroup member. Experiments described in this dissertation provide converging evidence that infants and toddlers have rudimentary socio-moral expectations about actions and interactions within social contexts; they are sensitive to various markers of social groups; and their expectations of reciprocity are modulated by considerations of ingroup loyalty. These socio-moral expectations emerge early in life and are likely to be based on a small set of innate socio-moral principles.","abstract_html":"The present research explored whether infants and toddlers would have early expectations of socio-moral norms. In particular, we asked whether and how children’s expectations about reciprocity would be modulated by considerations of ingroup loyalty. Chapter 2 focused on the idea of “escalation” and provided evidence that infants expect an individual to retaliate more severely against an outgroup member than against an ingroup member. Chapter 3 focused on the idea of “co-retaliation” and suggested that both infants and toddlers expect an individual to retaliate against an outgroup member who had previously hindered the individual’s group member. Chapter 4 focused on the idea of “privilege” and showed that toddlers expect an individual to act more positively in response to a friendly overture by an ingroup member than by an outgroup member. Experiments described in this dissertation provide converging evidence that infants and toddlers have rudimentary socio-moral expectations about actions and interactions within social contexts; they are sensitive to various markers of social groups; and their expectations of reciprocity are modulated by considerations of ingroup loyalty. These socio-moral expectations emerge early in life and are likely to be based on a small set of innate socio-moral principles.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["He, Zijing"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Psychology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Baillargeon, Renée","Cohen, Dov","Fisher, Cynthia L.","Hong, Ying-Yi","Miller, Peggy J.","Roisman, Glenn I."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2011,"date_issued":"2011-08-26T15:23:27Z","date_published":"2011-08-26T15:23:27Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:26Z","subjects":["moral development","infants","social cognition","social norms","toddlers"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2011 Zijing He"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/26335","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Baillargeon, Renée","Cohen, Dov","Fisher, Cynthia L.","Hong, Ying-Yi","Miller, Peggy J.","Roisman, Glenn I."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["He, Zijing"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2011-08-26T15:23:27Z","2013-08-27T10:00:23Z","2011-08"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Psychology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["moral development","infants","social cognition","social norms","toddlers"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2011 Zijing He"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/26335"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["The present research explored whether infants and toddlers would have early expectations of socio-moral norms. 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Experiments described in this dissertation provide converging evidence that infants and toddlers have rudimentary socio-moral expectations about actions and interactions within social contexts; they are sensitive to various markers of social groups; and their expectations of reciprocity are modulated by considerations of ingroup loyalty. These socio-moral expectations emerge early in life and are likely to be based on a small set of innate socio-moral principles.","Item withdrawn by Mark Zulauf (zulauf@illinois.edu) on 2011-06-17T16:13:19Z Item was in collections: University of Illinois Theses & Dissertations (ID: 1) No. of bitstreams: 1 He_Zijing.pdf: 5390993 bytes, checksum: 49e3f6d4919533b49858c7863b01bfda (MD5)","Made available in DSpace on 2011-08-26T15:23:27Z (GMT). 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Experiments described in this dissertation provide converging evidence that infants and toddlers have rudimentary socio-moral expectations about actions and interactions within social contexts; they are sensitive to various markers of social groups; and their expectations of reciprocity are modulated by considerations of ingroup loyalty. These socio-moral expectations emerge early in life and are likely to be based on a small set of innate socio-moral principles.","Item withdrawn by Mark Zulauf (zulauf@illinois.edu) on 2011-06-17T16:13:19Z Item was in collections: University of Illinois Theses & Dissertations (ID: 1) No. of bitstreams: 1 He_Zijing.pdf: 5390993 bytes, checksum: 49e3f6d4919533b49858c7863b01bfda (MD5)","Made available in DSpace on 2011-08-26T15:23:27Z (GMT). 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