{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/25859"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/25859","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"The velocity of sound in solid krypton","abstract":"\"Ultrasonic pulse-echo measurements have been carried out on specimens of solid krypton prepared in a rigid-tail helium cryostat. Values were obtained from polycrystalline specimens for longitudinal sound waves from 52 to 115 K and transverse sound waves from 95 to 115 K, and from a single crystal for longitudinal sound waves travelling in a nearly (110) direction from 94-114 K. Extrapolations to 0 K of polycrystalline velocities are consistent with previous deductions made from measurements of bulk modulus and heat capacity. The present velocity results are compared with model calculations based on m-6 Mie-Lennard~Jones pair potentials but there is only fair agreement. The adiabatic bulk modulus was obtained from the longitudinal and transverse polycrystalline velocities. The agreement between the model calculations and experimental values of the bulk modulus is again only fair. From. the:present bulk modulus values, the Gruneisen parameter of solid krypton was evaluated. From the longitudinal velocity in the nearly (110) direction and the polycrystalline velocities the second-order elastic constants were determined at 114 K. The difference c12 - c44 was also estimated at temperatures 0 K and near the triple point. From the difference between the present \"\"lattice\"\" compressibility results and other measurements of the \"\"bulk\"\" isothermal compressibility, the thermal vacancy concentration in solid krypton has been determined. The agreement with previous measurements of vacancies by direct means is good. An examination of all the data now available for solid krypton indicates that no single existing model describes successfully both the high and low temperature thermoelastic properties of this substance.\"","abstract_html":""Ultrasonic pulse-echo measurements have been carried out on specimens of solid krypton prepared in a rigid-tail helium cryostat. Values were obtained from polycrystalline specimens for longitudinal sound waves from 52 to 115 K and transverse sound waves from 95 to 115 K, and from a single crystal for longitudinal sound waves travelling in a nearly (110) direction from 94-114 K. Extrapolations to 0 K of polycrystalline velocities are consistent with previous deductions made from measurements of bulk modulus and heat capacity. The present velocity results are compared with model calculations based on m-6 Mie-Lennard~Jones pair potentials but there is only fair agreement. The adiabatic bulk modulus was obtained from the longitudinal and transverse polycrystalline velocities. The agreement between the model calculations and experimental values of the bulk modulus is again only fair. From. the:present bulk modulus values, the Gruneisen parameter of solid krypton was evaluated. From the longitudinal velocity in the nearly (110) direction and the polycrystalline velocities the second-order elastic constants were determined at 114 K. The difference c12 - c44 was also estimated at temperatures 0 K and near the triple point. From the difference between the present ""lattice"" compressibility results and other measurements of the ""bulk"" isothermal compressibility, the thermal vacancy concentration in solid krypton has been determined. The agreement with previous measurements of vacancies by direct means is good. An examination of all the data now available for solid krypton indicates that no single existing model describes successfully both the high and low temperature thermoelastic properties of this substance."","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Kupperman, David Sander"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Physics","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Simmons, R.O."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2011,"date_issued":"2011-07-27T15:51:48Z","date_published":"2011-07-27T15:51:48Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:26Z","subjects":["sound velocity","solid krypton","ultrasonic pulse-echo measurements"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["1970 David Sander Kupperman"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["6050638"],"render_values":[{"text":"6050638","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/25859","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Simmons, R.O."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Kupperman, David Sander"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2011-07-27T15:51:48Z","10000-01-01","1970"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Dissertation / Thesis","text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Physics"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["sound velocity","solid krypton","ultrasonic pulse-echo measurements"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["1970 David Sander Kupperman"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/25859","6050638"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["\"Ultrasonic pulse-echo measurements have been carried out on specimens of solid krypton prepared in a rigid-tail helium cryostat. Values were obtained from polycrystalline specimens for longitudinal sound waves from 52 to 115 K and transverse sound waves from 95 to 115 K, and from a single crystal for longitudinal sound waves travelling in a nearly (110) direction from 94-114 K. Extrapolations to 0 K of polycrystalline velocities are consistent with previous deductions made from measurements of bulk modulus and heat capacity. The present velocity results are compared with model calculations based on m-6 Mie-Lennard~Jones pair potentials but there is only fair agreement. The adiabatic bulk modulus was obtained from the longitudinal and transverse polycrystalline velocities. The agreement between the model calculations and experimental values of the bulk modulus is again only fair. From. the:present bulk modulus values, the Gruneisen parameter of solid krypton was evaluated. From the longitudinal velocity in the nearly (110) direction and the polycrystalline velocities the second-order elastic constants were determined at 114 K. The difference c12 - c44 was also estimated at temperatures 0 K and near the triple point. From the difference between the present \"\"lattice\"\" compressibility results and other measurements of the \"\"bulk\"\" isothermal compressibility, the thermal vacancy concentration in solid krypton has been determined. The agreement with previous measurements of vacancies by direct means is good. An examination of all the data now available for solid krypton indicates that no single existing model describes successfully both the high and low temperature thermoelastic properties of this substance.\"","Submitted by Carolyn Mead (cmead2@illinois.edu) on 2011-07-27T15:51:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 1970_kupperman.pdf: 3642158 bytes, checksum: 3e57d6746ea85a8e3e5b069eb3292f3d (MD5)","Made available in DSpace on 2011-07-27T15:51:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 1970_kupperman.pdf: 3642158 bytes, checksum: 3e57d6746ea85a8e3e5b069eb3292f3d (MD5) Previous issue date: 1970","Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Carolyn Mead (cmead2@illinois.edu) on 2011-07-27T15:51:48Z Item is restricted indefinitely.","Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:33:10-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: none Reason: Thesis","Thesis","U of I Only"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The velocity of sound in solid krypton"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Simmons, R.O."],"dc:creator":["Kupperman, David Sander"],"dc:date":["2011-07-27T15:51:48Z","10000-01-01","1970"],"dc:description":["\"Ultrasonic pulse-echo measurements have been carried out on specimens of solid krypton prepared in a rigid-tail helium cryostat. Values were obtained from polycrystalline specimens for longitudinal sound waves from 52 to 115 K and transverse sound waves from 95 to 115 K, and from a single crystal for longitudinal sound waves travelling in a nearly (110) direction from 94-114 K. Extrapolations to 0 K of polycrystalline velocities are consistent with previous deductions made from measurements of bulk modulus and heat capacity. The present velocity results are compared with model calculations based on m-6 Mie-Lennard~Jones pair potentials but there is only fair agreement. The adiabatic bulk modulus was obtained from the longitudinal and transverse polycrystalline velocities. The agreement between the model calculations and experimental values of the bulk modulus is again only fair. From. the:present bulk modulus values, the Gruneisen parameter of solid krypton was evaluated. From the longitudinal velocity in the nearly (110) direction and the polycrystalline velocities the second-order elastic constants were determined at 114 K. The difference c12 - c44 was also estimated at temperatures 0 K and near the triple point. From the difference between the present \"\"lattice\"\" compressibility results and other measurements of the \"\"bulk\"\" isothermal compressibility, the thermal vacancy concentration in solid krypton has been determined. The agreement with previous measurements of vacancies by direct means is good. An examination of all the data now available for solid krypton indicates that no single existing model describes successfully both the high and low temperature thermoelastic properties of this substance.\"","Submitted by Carolyn Mead (cmead2@illinois.edu) on 2011-07-27T15:51:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 1970_kupperman.pdf: 3642158 bytes, checksum: 3e57d6746ea85a8e3e5b069eb3292f3d (MD5)","Made available in DSpace on 2011-07-27T15:51:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 1970_kupperman.pdf: 3642158 bytes, checksum: 3e57d6746ea85a8e3e5b069eb3292f3d (MD5) Previous issue date: 1970","Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Carolyn Mead (cmead2@illinois.edu) on 2011-07-27T15:51:48Z Item is restricted indefinitely.","Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:33:10-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: none Reason: Thesis","Thesis","U of I Only"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/25859","6050638"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["1970 David Sander Kupperman"],"dc:subject":["sound velocity","solid krypton","ultrasonic pulse-echo measurements"],"dc:title":["The velocity of sound in solid krypton"],"dc:type":["Dissertation / Thesis","text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Physics"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:26Z"}