{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/25295"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/25295","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Diffusion and the thermal stability of amorphous copper-zirconium","abstract":"Measurements have been made of diffusion and thermal relaxation in amorphous CU50Zr50. Samples were prepared by melt-spinning under vacuum. Diffusion measurements were made over the temperature range from 317 to 385 C, using Ag and Au as substitutional impurities, by means of Auger electron spectrometry (AES) and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS). Thermal measurements were made by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) up to 550 C. The diffusion coefficients of Ag and Au in amorphous CU50zr50 are found to be somewhat higher than, but very close in magnitude to the coefficient of self-diffusion in crystalline Cu at the same temperatures. The activation energies for diffusion in the amorphous alloy are 0.72 to 1.55 ev/atom, much closer to the activation energy for self-diffusion in liquid Cu, 0.42 eV/atom, than that for the crystalline solid, 2.19 eV/atom. The mechanism for diffusion in the amorphous metal is presumably quite different from the monovacancy mechanism dominant in the crystalline solid. The pre-exponential terms are found to be extremely small, on the order of 10-10 to 10-11 cm2/sec for Ag diffusion. This indicates that diffusion in amorphous Cu50Zr 50 may involve an extended defect of 10 or more atoms. Analysis of the data in terms of the free-volume model also lends strength to this conclusion and indicates that the glass is composed of liquid-like clusters of 15 to 20 atoms. The initial stage of relaxation in amorphous CuZr occurs with a spectrum of activation energies. The lowest activation energy involved, 0.78 eV/atom, is almost identical to the average activation energy of Ag diffusion in the glass, 0.77 eV/atom, indicating that relaxation occurs primarily through diffusion. The activation energy of crystallization, determined by Kissinger's method, is 3.10 eV/atom. The large difference, on the order of 2.3 eV/atom, between the activation energies of crystallization and diffusion is attributed to the energy required to nucleate the crystalline phase.","abstract_html":"Measurements have been made of diffusion and thermal relaxation in amorphous CU50Zr50. Samples were prepared by melt-spinning under vacuum. Diffusion measurements were made over the temperature range from 317 to 385 C, using Ag and Au as substitutional impurities, by means of Auger electron spectrometry (AES) and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS). Thermal measurements were made by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) up to 550 C. The diffusion coefficients of Ag and Au in amorphous CU50zr50 are found to be somewhat higher than, but very close in magnitude to the coefficient of self-diffusion in crystalline Cu at the same temperatures. The activation energies for diffusion in the amorphous alloy are 0.72 to 1.55 ev/atom, much closer to the activation energy for self-diffusion in liquid Cu, 0.42 eV/atom, than that for the crystalline solid, 2.19 eV/atom. The mechanism for diffusion in the amorphous metal is presumably quite different from the monovacancy mechanism dominant in the crystalline solid. The pre-exponential terms are found to be extremely small, on the order of 10-10 to 10-11 cm2/sec for Ag diffusion. This indicates that diffusion in amorphous Cu50Zr 50 may involve an extended defect of 10 or more atoms. Analysis of the data in terms of the free-volume model also lends strength to this conclusion and indicates that the glass is composed of liquid-like clusters of 15 to 20 atoms. The initial stage of relaxation in amorphous CuZr occurs with a spectrum of activation energies. The lowest activation energy involved, 0.78 eV/atom, is almost identical to the average activation energy of Ag diffusion in the glass, 0.77 eV/atom, indicating that relaxation occurs primarily through diffusion. The activation energy of crystallization, determined by Kissinger's method, is 3.10 eV/atom. The large difference, on the order of 2.3 eV/atom, between the activation energies of crystallization and diffusion is attributed to the energy required to nucleate the crystalline phase.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Stelter, Eric Carl"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Physics","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Lazarus, David"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2011,"date_issued":"2011-06-06T16:34:52Z","date_published":"2011-06-06T16:34:52Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:24Z","subjects":["amorphous copper-zirconium","diffusion","thermal relaxation","melt-spinning under vacuum","Auger electron spectrometry (AES)","Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS)"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["1985 Eric Carl Stelter"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["888154"],"render_values":[{"text":"888154","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/25295","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Lazarus, David"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Stelter, Eric Carl"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2011-06-06T16:34:52Z","10000-01-01","1985"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Dissertation / Thesis","text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Physics"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["amorphous copper-zirconium","diffusion","thermal relaxation","melt-spinning under vacuum","Auger electron spectrometry (AES)","Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS)"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["1985 Eric Carl Stelter"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/25295","888154"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Measurements have been made of diffusion and thermal relaxation in amorphous CU50Zr50. Samples were prepared by melt-spinning under vacuum. Diffusion measurements were made over the temperature range from 317 to 385 C, using Ag and Au as substitutional impurities, by means of Auger electron spectrometry (AES) and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS). Thermal measurements were made by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) up to 550 C. The diffusion coefficients of Ag and Au in amorphous CU50zr50 are found to be somewhat higher than, but very close in magnitude to the coefficient of self-diffusion in crystalline Cu at the same temperatures. The activation energies for diffusion in the amorphous alloy are 0.72 to 1.55 ev/atom, much closer to the activation energy for self-diffusion in liquid Cu, 0.42 eV/atom, than that for the crystalline solid, 2.19 eV/atom. The mechanism for diffusion in the amorphous metal is presumably quite different from the monovacancy mechanism dominant in the crystalline solid. The pre-exponential terms are found to be extremely small, on the order of 10-10 to 10-11 cm2/sec for Ag diffusion. This indicates that diffusion in amorphous Cu50Zr 50 may involve an extended defect of 10 or more atoms. Analysis of the data in terms of the free-volume model also lends strength to this conclusion and indicates that the glass is composed of liquid-like clusters of 15 to 20 atoms. The initial stage of relaxation in amorphous CuZr occurs with a spectrum of activation energies. The lowest activation energy involved, 0.78 eV/atom, is almost identical to the average activation energy of Ag diffusion in the glass, 0.77 eV/atom, indicating that relaxation occurs primarily through diffusion. The activation energy of crystallization, determined by Kissinger's method, is 3.10 eV/atom. The large difference, on the order of 2.3 eV/atom, between the activation energies of crystallization and diffusion is attributed to the energy required to nucleate the crystalline phase.","Submitted by Carolyn Mead (cmead2@illinois.edu) on 2011-06-06T16:34:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 1985_stelter.pdf: 4144227 bytes, checksum: ca5dd75a549c118f7fee6c897eec4be5 (MD5)","Made available in DSpace on 2011-06-06T16:34:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 1985_stelter.pdf: 4144227 bytes, checksum: ca5dd75a549c118f7fee6c897eec4be5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1985","Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:14:48-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: none Reason: Thesis","Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Carolyn Mead (cmead2@illinois.edu) on 2011-06-06T16:34:52Z Item is restricted indefinitely.","Thesis","U of I Only"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Diffusion and the thermal stability of amorphous copper-zirconium"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Lazarus, David"],"dc:creator":["Stelter, Eric Carl"],"dc:date":["2011-06-06T16:34:52Z","10000-01-01","1985"],"dc:description":["Measurements have been made of diffusion and thermal relaxation in amorphous CU50Zr50. Samples were prepared by melt-spinning under vacuum. Diffusion measurements were made over the temperature range from 317 to 385 C, using Ag and Au as substitutional impurities, by means of Auger electron spectrometry (AES) and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS). Thermal measurements were made by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) up to 550 C. The diffusion coefficients of Ag and Au in amorphous CU50zr50 are found to be somewhat higher than, but very close in magnitude to the coefficient of self-diffusion in crystalline Cu at the same temperatures. The activation energies for diffusion in the amorphous alloy are 0.72 to 1.55 ev/atom, much closer to the activation energy for self-diffusion in liquid Cu, 0.42 eV/atom, than that for the crystalline solid, 2.19 eV/atom. The mechanism for diffusion in the amorphous metal is presumably quite different from the monovacancy mechanism dominant in the crystalline solid. The pre-exponential terms are found to be extremely small, on the order of 10-10 to 10-11 cm2/sec for Ag diffusion. This indicates that diffusion in amorphous Cu50Zr 50 may involve an extended defect of 10 or more atoms. Analysis of the data in terms of the free-volume model also lends strength to this conclusion and indicates that the glass is composed of liquid-like clusters of 15 to 20 atoms. The initial stage of relaxation in amorphous CuZr occurs with a spectrum of activation energies. The lowest activation energy involved, 0.78 eV/atom, is almost identical to the average activation energy of Ag diffusion in the glass, 0.77 eV/atom, indicating that relaxation occurs primarily through diffusion. The activation energy of crystallization, determined by Kissinger's method, is 3.10 eV/atom. The large difference, on the order of 2.3 eV/atom, between the activation energies of crystallization and diffusion is attributed to the energy required to nucleate the crystalline phase.","Submitted by Carolyn Mead (cmead2@illinois.edu) on 2011-06-06T16:34:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 1985_stelter.pdf: 4144227 bytes, checksum: ca5dd75a549c118f7fee6c897eec4be5 (MD5)","Made available in DSpace on 2011-06-06T16:34:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 1985_stelter.pdf: 4144227 bytes, checksum: ca5dd75a549c118f7fee6c897eec4be5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1985","Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:14:48-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: none Reason: Thesis","Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Carolyn Mead (cmead2@illinois.edu) on 2011-06-06T16:34:52Z Item is restricted indefinitely.","Thesis","U of I Only"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/25295","888154"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["1985 Eric Carl Stelter"],"dc:subject":["amorphous copper-zirconium","diffusion","thermal relaxation","melt-spinning under vacuum","Auger electron spectrometry (AES)","Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS)"],"dc:title":["Diffusion and the thermal stability of amorphous copper-zirconium"],"dc:type":["Dissertation / Thesis","text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Physics"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:24Z"}