{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/24314"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/24314","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Where are the cookies? Three-year-olds use number-marked verbs to anticipate upcoming nouns","abstract":"This study examines the development of incremental parsing processes in language comprehension by testing 3-year-olds' use of a particular morphosyntactic dependency: number agreement between a subject and verb in English. Using a looking-while-listening paradigm, we show not only that children make use of this dependency during online comprehension, but also that children use it predictively to anticipate the number features of an upcoming noun. Children were both faster and more likely to switch gaze away from a mismatching distractor picture when they heard an informative agreeing verb (is/are). This is both one of the earliest demonstrations that children are able to use verb agreement alone as a cue to the semantic number of the subject, and one of the first pieces of evidence that children engage in predictive processing of language.","abstract_html":"This study examines the development of incremental parsing processes in language comprehension by testing 3-year-olds' use of a particular morphosyntactic dependency: number agreement between a subject and verb in English. Using a looking-while-listening paradigm, we show not only that children make use of this dependency during online comprehension, but also that children use it predictively to anticipate the number features of an upcoming noun. Children were both faster and more likely to switch gaze away from a mismatching distractor picture when they heard an informative agreeing verb (is/are). This is both one of the earliest demonstrations that children are able to use verb agreement alone as a cue to the semantic number of the subject, and one of the first pieces of evidence that children engage in predictive processing of language.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Lukyanenko, Cynthia"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.A.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Psychology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Fisher, Cynthia L."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2011,"date_issued":"2011-05-25T15:08:22Z","date_published":"2011-05-25T15:08:22Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:24Z","subjects":["language acquisition","comprehension","sentence processing","prediction","subject-verb agreement","number agreement","eye-movements","morphological development","morphosyntax"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["copyright 2011 Cynthia Lukyanenko"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/24314","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Fisher, Cynthia L."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Lukyanenko, Cynthia"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2011-05-25T15:08:22Z","2011-05"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Psychology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.A."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["language acquisition","comprehension","sentence processing","prediction","subject-verb agreement","number agreement","eye-movements","morphological development","morphosyntax"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["copyright 2011 Cynthia Lukyanenko"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/24314"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["This study examines the development of incremental parsing processes in language comprehension by testing 3-year-olds' use of a particular morphosyntactic dependency: number agreement between a subject and verb in English. 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