{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/23086"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/23086","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Three dimensional transient finite element model for residual stress and solidification in the GMAW Process for AISI 304 stainless steel","abstract":"Networking three fields of welding--thermal, microstructure, and stress--was attempted and produced a reliable model using a numerical method with the finite element analysis technique. Model prediction was compared with experimental data in order to validate the model. The effects of welding process parameters on these welding fields were analyzed and reported. The effort to correlate the residual stress and solidification was initiated, with some valuable results. The solidification process was simulated using the formulation based on the Hunt-Trivedi model. Based on the temperature history, solidification speed and primary dendrite arm spacing were predicted at the given nodes of interest. Results show that the variation during solidification is usually within an order of magnitude. The temperature gradient was generally in the range of 10$\\sp4-10\\sp5$ $\\sp\\circ$K/m for the given welding conditions (welding power = 6 kW and welding speed = 8, 12, 18 ipm), while solidification speed appeared to slow down from an order of 10$\\sp{-1}$ to 10$\\sp{-2}$ m/sec during solidification. For the primary dendrite arm spacing (PDAS), the values were in the range of 10$\\sp1-10\\sp2\\ \\mu$m. The range of the sizes was in agreement with the experimental values. SEM images were also taken. It was observed that the average size of PDAS was dependent upon the welding speed. They were measured between about 7.5 to 20 $\\mu$m for columnar and 10 to 30 $\\mu$m for equiaxed for welding speeds between 8 to 18 ipm (3.336 to 7.62 mm/sec). When the welding speed increased, it was observed that the average size of PDAS decreased as the model predicted. For grain growth at HAZ, Ashby's model was employed. The prediction was in agreement with experimental results. For the residual stress calculation, the same mesh generation used in the heat transfer analysis is applied to make the simulation consistent. The analysis consists of a transient heat analysis followed by a thermal stress analysis. An experimentally measured strain history was compared with the simulated result. The relationship between a microstructure and the stress/strain field of welding was also obtained.","abstract_html":"Networking three fields of welding--thermal, microstructure, and stress--was attempted and produced a reliable model using a numerical method with the finite element analysis technique. Model prediction was compared with experimental data in order to validate the model. The effects of welding process parameters on these welding fields were analyzed and reported. The effort to correlate the residual stress and solidification was initiated, with some valuable results. The solidification process was simulated using the formulation based on the Hunt-Trivedi model. Based on the temperature history, solidification speed and primary dendrite arm spacing were predicted at the given nodes of interest. Results show that the variation during solidification is usually within an order of magnitude. The temperature gradient was generally in the range of 10$\\sp4-10\\sp5$ $\\sp\\circ$K/m for the given welding conditions (welding power = 6 kW and welding speed = 8, 12, 18 ipm), while solidification speed appeared to slow down from an order of 10$\\sp{-1}$ to 10$\\sp{-2}$ m/sec during solidification. For the primary dendrite arm spacing (PDAS), the values were in the range of 10<span class=\"etd-inline-math\">\\sp1-10\\sp2 &mu;</span>m. The range of the sizes was in agreement with the experimental values. SEM images were also taken. It was observed that the average size of PDAS was dependent upon the welding speed. They were measured between about 7.5 to 20 <span class=\"etd-inline-math\">&mu;</span>m for columnar and 10 to 30 <span class=\"etd-inline-math\">&mu;</span>m for equiaxed for welding speeds between 8 to 18 ipm (3.336 to 7.62 mm/sec). When the welding speed increased, it was observed that the average size of PDAS decreased as the model predicted. For grain growth at HAZ, Ashby&#x27;s model was employed. The prediction was in agreement with experimental results. For the residual stress calculation, the same mesh generation used in the heat transfer analysis is applied to make the simulation consistent. The analysis consists of a transient heat analysis followed by a thermal stress analysis. An experimentally measured strain history was compared with the simulated result. The relationship between a microstructure and the stress/strain field of welding was also obtained.","abstract_has_math":true,"creators":["Choi, Joohyun"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Mechanical Science and Engineering","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2011,"date_issued":"2011-05-07T14:01:39Z","date_published":"2011-05-07T14:01:39Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:21Z","subjects":["Engineering, Mechanical","Engineering, Metallurgy"],"languages":["eng"],"rights":["Copyright 1995 Choi, Joohyun"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["AAI9522094","(UMI)AAI9522094"],"render_values":[{"text":"AAI9522094","href":null,"code":true},{"text":"(UMI)AAI9522094","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/23086","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Choi, Joohyun"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2011-05-07T14:01:39Z","10000-01-01","1995"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Mechanical Science and Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Engineering, Mechanical","Engineering, Metallurgy"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 1995 Choi, Joohyun"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["AAI9522094","(UMI)AAI9522094","http://hdl.handle.net/2142/23086"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Networking three fields of welding--thermal, microstructure, and stress--was attempted and produced a reliable model using a numerical method with the finite element analysis technique. Model prediction was compared with experimental data in order to validate the model. The effects of welding process parameters on these welding fields were analyzed and reported. The effort to correlate the residual stress and solidification was initiated, with some valuable results. The solidification process was simulated using the formulation based on the Hunt-Trivedi model. Based on the temperature history, solidification speed and primary dendrite arm spacing were predicted at the given nodes of interest. Results show that the variation during solidification is usually within an order of magnitude. The temperature gradient was generally in the range of 10$\\sp4-10\\sp5$ $\\sp\\circ$K/m for the given welding conditions (welding power = 6 kW and welding speed = 8, 12, 18 ipm), while solidification speed appeared to slow down from an order of 10$\\sp{-1}$ to 10$\\sp{-2}$ m/sec during solidification. For the primary dendrite arm spacing (PDAS), the values were in the range of 10$\\sp1-10\\sp2\\ \\mu$m. The range of the sizes was in agreement with the experimental values. SEM images were also taken. It was observed that the average size of PDAS was dependent upon the welding speed. They were measured between about 7.5 to 20 $\\mu$m for columnar and 10 to 30 $\\mu$m for equiaxed for welding speeds between 8 to 18 ipm (3.336 to 7.62 mm/sec). When the welding speed increased, it was observed that the average size of PDAS decreased as the model predicted. For grain growth at HAZ, Ashby's model was employed. The prediction was in agreement with experimental results. For the residual stress calculation, the same mesh generation used in the heat transfer analysis is applied to make the simulation consistent. The analysis consists of a transient heat analysis followed by a thermal stress analysis. An experimentally measured strain history was compared with the simulated result. The relationship between a microstructure and the stress/strain field of welding was also obtained.","Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T14:01:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5) 9522094.pdf: 8848287 bytes, checksum: 6f45a7f9239ba249fadcf8c6fe9bf05f (MD5) Previous issue date: 1995","Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding (hding2@illinois.edu) on 2011-05-07T15:02:05Z Item is restricted indefinitely.","Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:29:30-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: none Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","U of I Only"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Three dimensional transient finite element model for residual stress and solidification in the GMAW Process for AISI 304 stainless steel"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:creator":["Choi, Joohyun"],"dc:date":["2011-05-07T14:01:39Z","10000-01-01","1995"],"dc:description":["Networking three fields of welding--thermal, microstructure, and stress--was attempted and produced a reliable model using a numerical method with the finite element analysis technique. Model prediction was compared with experimental data in order to validate the model. The effects of welding process parameters on these welding fields were analyzed and reported. The effort to correlate the residual stress and solidification was initiated, with some valuable results. The solidification process was simulated using the formulation based on the Hunt-Trivedi model. Based on the temperature history, solidification speed and primary dendrite arm spacing were predicted at the given nodes of interest. Results show that the variation during solidification is usually within an order of magnitude. The temperature gradient was generally in the range of 10$\\sp4-10\\sp5$ $\\sp\\circ$K/m for the given welding conditions (welding power = 6 kW and welding speed = 8, 12, 18 ipm), while solidification speed appeared to slow down from an order of 10$\\sp{-1}$ to 10$\\sp{-2}$ m/sec during solidification. For the primary dendrite arm spacing (PDAS), the values were in the range of 10$\\sp1-10\\sp2\\ \\mu$m. The range of the sizes was in agreement with the experimental values. SEM images were also taken. It was observed that the average size of PDAS was dependent upon the welding speed. They were measured between about 7.5 to 20 $\\mu$m for columnar and 10 to 30 $\\mu$m for equiaxed for welding speeds between 8 to 18 ipm (3.336 to 7.62 mm/sec). When the welding speed increased, it was observed that the average size of PDAS decreased as the model predicted. For grain growth at HAZ, Ashby's model was employed. The prediction was in agreement with experimental results. For the residual stress calculation, the same mesh generation used in the heat transfer analysis is applied to make the simulation consistent. The analysis consists of a transient heat analysis followed by a thermal stress analysis. An experimentally measured strain history was compared with the simulated result. The relationship between a microstructure and the stress/strain field of welding was also obtained.","Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T14:01:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5) 9522094.pdf: 8848287 bytes, checksum: 6f45a7f9239ba249fadcf8c6fe9bf05f (MD5) Previous issue date: 1995","Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding (hding2@illinois.edu) on 2011-05-07T15:02:05Z Item is restricted indefinitely.","Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:29:30-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: none Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","U of I Only"],"dc:identifier":["AAI9522094","(UMI)AAI9522094","http://hdl.handle.net/2142/23086"],"dc:language":["eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 1995 Choi, Joohyun"],"dc:subject":["Engineering, Mechanical","Engineering, Metallurgy"],"dc:title":["Three dimensional transient finite element model for residual stress and solidification in the GMAW Process for AISI 304 stainless steel"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Mechanical Science and Engineering"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:21Z"}