{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/22459"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/22459","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Hepatic acetogenesis and ketogenesis in neonatal swine","abstract":"Reports of low circulating ketone bodies ($\\beta$-hydroxybutyrate, $\\beta$-OHB & acetoacetate) in suckling piglets and evidence of minimal hepatic ketone body production from fatty acids in vitro suggested that, unlike previously-studied neonates, enhanced ketogenesis does not characterize the metabolism of the newborn pig. This apparent idiosyncracy of piglet metabolism prompted a series of studies examining development and regulation of ketogenesis in piglets, and the physiological implications of low ketonemia in piglets. The extent of alternative pathways (non-ketogenic routes of carbon flux into Krebs cycle intermediates, e.g.) of fatty acid $\\beta$-oxidation was also assessed. Low ketogenic capacity in piglets was confirmed by the small change in plasma ($\\beta$-OHB) relative to (C8:0) (regression slope) following a dose of C8:0. This slope was 1-2 orders of magnitude lower vs. that of mature pigs and newborn or mature rabbits. Minimal fatty acid carboxyl-carbon accumulated in ketone bodies after incubations of piglet liver homogenates or hepatocytes with (1-$\\sp{14}$C) -C7:0, -C8:0, or -C16:0 in vitro, consistent with the in vivo results. The observed low activity of the ketogenic enzyme mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase (HMG-CoA synthase) increased plasma (insulin) with suckling (patterns opposite that seen in ketotic neonatal rats, e.g.) may in part explain attenuated ketogenic capacity in piglets. Piglets accumulated fatty acid carboxyl-carbon in acetate to a high degree relative to ketone bodies in incubations of liver tissue with radiolabeled fatty acids, a phenomenon previously unreported for any animal. It is thus speculated that acetate plays a more important physiological role than the ketone bodies in newborn piglets, an idea supported by the small contribution of ketone bodies to the energy budget of piglets ($<$3% of metabolic rate from ketone bodies at normal physiological plasma ($\\beta$- OHB)), and the 10-fold higher plasma (acetate) relative to the (ketone bodies) in piglets.","abstract_html":"Reports of low circulating ketone bodies (<span class=\"etd-inline-math\">&beta;</span>-hydroxybutyrate, <span class=\"etd-inline-math\">&beta;</span>-OHB &amp; acetoacetate) in suckling piglets and evidence of minimal hepatic ketone body production from fatty acids in vitro suggested that, unlike previously-studied neonates, enhanced ketogenesis does not characterize the metabolism of the newborn pig. This apparent idiosyncracy of piglet metabolism prompted a series of studies examining development and regulation of ketogenesis in piglets, and the physiological implications of low ketonemia in piglets. The extent of alternative pathways (non-ketogenic routes of carbon flux into Krebs cycle intermediates, e.g.) of fatty acid <span class=\"etd-inline-math\">&beta;</span>-oxidation was also assessed. Low ketogenic capacity in piglets was confirmed by the small change in plasma (<span class=\"etd-inline-math\">&beta;</span>-OHB) relative to (C8:0) (regression slope) following a dose of C8:0. This slope was 1-2 orders of magnitude lower vs. that of mature pigs and newborn or mature rabbits. Minimal fatty acid carboxyl-carbon accumulated in ketone bodies after incubations of piglet liver homogenates or hepatocytes with (1-$\\sp{14}$C) -C7:0, -C8:0, or -C16:0 in vitro, consistent with the in vivo results. The observed low activity of the ketogenic enzyme mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase (HMG-CoA synthase) increased plasma (insulin) with suckling (patterns opposite that seen in ketotic neonatal rats, e.g.) may in part explain attenuated ketogenic capacity in piglets. Piglets accumulated fatty acid carboxyl-carbon in acetate to a high degree relative to ketone bodies in incubations of liver tissue with radiolabeled fatty acids, a phenomenon previously unreported for any animal. It is thus speculated that acetate plays a more important physiological role than the ketone bodies in newborn piglets, an idea supported by the small contribution of ketone bodies to the energy budget of piglets ($&lt;$3% of metabolic rate from ketone bodies at normal physiological plasma (<span class=\"etd-inline-math\">&beta;</span>- OHB)), and the 10-fold higher plasma (acetate) relative to the (ketone bodies) in piglets.","abstract_has_math":true,"creators":["Adams, Sean Harrison"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Food Science and Human Nutrition","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Odle, Jack"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2011,"date_issued":"2011-05-07T13:40:30Z","date_published":"2011-05-07T13:40:30Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:20Z","subjects":["Biology, Animal Physiology","Health Sciences, Nutrition"],"languages":["eng"],"rights":["Copyright 1994 Adams, Sean Harrison"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["AAI9512276","(UMI)AAI9512276"],"render_values":[{"text":"AAI9512276","href":null,"code":true},{"text":"(UMI)AAI9512276","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/22459","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Odle, Jack"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Adams, Sean Harrison"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2011-05-07T13:40:30Z","1994"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Food Science and Human Nutrition"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Biology, Animal Physiology","Health Sciences, Nutrition"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 1994 Adams, Sean Harrison"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["AAI9512276","(UMI)AAI9512276","http://hdl.handle.net/2142/22459"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Reports of low circulating ketone bodies ($\\beta$-hydroxybutyrate, $\\beta$-OHB & acetoacetate) in suckling piglets and evidence of minimal hepatic ketone body production from fatty acids in vitro suggested that, unlike previously-studied neonates, enhanced ketogenesis does not characterize the metabolism of the newborn pig. This apparent idiosyncracy of piglet metabolism prompted a series of studies examining development and regulation of ketogenesis in piglets, and the physiological implications of low ketonemia in piglets. The extent of alternative pathways (non-ketogenic routes of carbon flux into Krebs cycle intermediates, e.g.) of fatty acid $\\beta$-oxidation was also assessed. Low ketogenic capacity in piglets was confirmed by the small change in plasma ($\\beta$-OHB) relative to (C8:0) (regression slope) following a dose of C8:0. This slope was 1-2 orders of magnitude lower vs. that of mature pigs and newborn or mature rabbits. Minimal fatty acid carboxyl-carbon accumulated in ketone bodies after incubations of piglet liver homogenates or hepatocytes with (1-$\\sp{14}$C) -C7:0, -C8:0, or -C16:0 in vitro, consistent with the in vivo results. The observed low activity of the ketogenic enzyme mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase (HMG-CoA synthase) increased plasma (insulin) with suckling (patterns opposite that seen in ketotic neonatal rats, e.g.) may in part explain attenuated ketogenic capacity in piglets. Piglets accumulated fatty acid carboxyl-carbon in acetate to a high degree relative to ketone bodies in incubations of liver tissue with radiolabeled fatty acids, a phenomenon previously unreported for any animal. It is thus speculated that acetate plays a more important physiological role than the ketone bodies in newborn piglets, an idea supported by the small contribution of ketone bodies to the energy budget of piglets ($<$3% of metabolic rate from ketone bodies at normal physiological plasma ($\\beta$- OHB)), and the 10-fold higher plasma (acetate) relative to the (ketone bodies) in piglets.","Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:40:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5) 9512276.pdf: 7063345 bytes, checksum: 6a5a057f3ad902d142adaa7312348171 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1994","Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding (hding2@illinois.edu) on 2011-05-07T14:57:46Z Item is restricted indefinitely.","Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:27:06-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: none Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","Open Restriction set for Item 22594 on 2019-02-11T17:05:54Z with date null by fschaef2@illinois.edu.","Open Restriction set for Item 22594 on 2019-02-11T17:05:56Z with date null by fschaef2@illinois.edu.","Open"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Hepatic acetogenesis and ketogenesis in neonatal swine"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Odle, Jack"],"dc:creator":["Adams, Sean Harrison"],"dc:date":["2011-05-07T13:40:30Z","1994"],"dc:description":["Reports of low circulating ketone bodies ($\\beta$-hydroxybutyrate, $\\beta$-OHB & acetoacetate) in suckling piglets and evidence of minimal hepatic ketone body production from fatty acids in vitro suggested that, unlike previously-studied neonates, enhanced ketogenesis does not characterize the metabolism of the newborn pig. This apparent idiosyncracy of piglet metabolism prompted a series of studies examining development and regulation of ketogenesis in piglets, and the physiological implications of low ketonemia in piglets. The extent of alternative pathways (non-ketogenic routes of carbon flux into Krebs cycle intermediates, e.g.) of fatty acid $\\beta$-oxidation was also assessed. Low ketogenic capacity in piglets was confirmed by the small change in plasma ($\\beta$-OHB) relative to (C8:0) (regression slope) following a dose of C8:0. This slope was 1-2 orders of magnitude lower vs. that of mature pigs and newborn or mature rabbits. Minimal fatty acid carboxyl-carbon accumulated in ketone bodies after incubations of piglet liver homogenates or hepatocytes with (1-$\\sp{14}$C) -C7:0, -C8:0, or -C16:0 in vitro, consistent with the in vivo results. The observed low activity of the ketogenic enzyme mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase (HMG-CoA synthase) increased plasma (insulin) with suckling (patterns opposite that seen in ketotic neonatal rats, e.g.) may in part explain attenuated ketogenic capacity in piglets. Piglets accumulated fatty acid carboxyl-carbon in acetate to a high degree relative to ketone bodies in incubations of liver tissue with radiolabeled fatty acids, a phenomenon previously unreported for any animal. It is thus speculated that acetate plays a more important physiological role than the ketone bodies in newborn piglets, an idea supported by the small contribution of ketone bodies to the energy budget of piglets ($<$3% of metabolic rate from ketone bodies at normal physiological plasma ($\\beta$- OHB)), and the 10-fold higher plasma (acetate) relative to the (ketone bodies) in piglets.","Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:40:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5) 9512276.pdf: 7063345 bytes, checksum: 6a5a057f3ad902d142adaa7312348171 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1994","Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding (hding2@illinois.edu) on 2011-05-07T14:57:46Z Item is restricted indefinitely.","Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:27:06-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: none Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","Open Restriction set for Item 22594 on 2019-02-11T17:05:54Z with date null by fschaef2@illinois.edu.","Open Restriction set for Item 22594 on 2019-02-11T17:05:56Z with date null by fschaef2@illinois.edu.","Open"],"dc:identifier":["AAI9512276","(UMI)AAI9512276","http://hdl.handle.net/2142/22459"],"dc:language":["eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 1994 Adams, Sean Harrison"],"dc:subject":["Biology, Animal Physiology","Health Sciences, Nutrition"],"dc:title":["Hepatic acetogenesis and ketogenesis in neonatal swine"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Food Science and Human Nutrition"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:20Z"}