{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/22411"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/22411","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Electron microscopy studies in electrical ceramics: Dielectric composites and high critical temperature superconductors","abstract":"This thesis is principally concerned with the microstructural characterization of dielectric composites in the system BaTiO$\\sb3$-NaNbO$\\sb3$ by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), with the expressed purpose of determining the interrelationships that exist between chemical composition and thermal processing conditions on microstructure development and dielectric properties. The investigation was also extended to recent developments in high T$\\sb{\\rm c}$ ceramic superconductors in the Bi-Ca-Sr-Cu oxide system.","abstract_html":"This thesis is principally concerned with the microstructural characterization of dielectric composites in the system BaTiO$\\sb3$-NaNbO$\\sb3$ by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), with the expressed purpose of determining the interrelationships that exist between chemical composition and thermal processing conditions on microstructure development and dielectric properties. The investigation was also extended to recent developments in high T$\\sb{\\rm c}$ ceramic superconductors in the Bi-Ca-Sr-Cu oxide system.","abstract_has_math":true,"creators":["Xu, Zhengkui"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Engineering, Materials Science","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Payne, David A."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2011,"date_issued":"2011-05-07T13:38:59Z","date_published":"2011-05-07T13:38:59Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:19Z","subjects":["Engineering, Materials Science"],"languages":["eng"],"rights":["Copyright 1991 Xu, Zhengkui"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["AAI9124510","(UMI)AAI9124510"],"render_values":[{"text":"AAI9124510","href":null,"code":true},{"text":"(UMI)AAI9124510","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/22411","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Payne, David A."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Xu, Zhengkui"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2011-05-07T13:38:59Z","10000-01-01","1991"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Engineering, Materials Science"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Engineering, Materials Science"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 1991 Xu, Zhengkui"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["AAI9124510","(UMI)AAI9124510","http://hdl.handle.net/2142/22411"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["This thesis is principally concerned with the microstructural characterization of dielectric composites in the system BaTiO$\\sb3$-NaNbO$\\sb3$ by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), with the expressed purpose of determining the interrelationships that exist between chemical composition and thermal processing conditions on microstructure development and dielectric properties. The investigation was also extended to recent developments in high T$\\sb{\\rm c}$ ceramic superconductors in the Bi-Ca-Sr-Cu oxide system.","Fast-fired (t$\\sb{\\rm s}$ = 1 hr) BaTiO$\\sb3$ was of a coarse grain size ($>$10 $\\mu$m), containing complicated ferroelectric domain structures which extended to the grain boundaries. Fast-fired composites containing less than 3 mol% NaNbO$\\sb3$ were of a fine grain structure ($\\sim$0.5 $\\mu$m). The domains extended to the grain boundaries, and were of a more simple structure. A core-shell type microstructure was identified, which evolved on further additions of NaNbO$\\sb3$ (3-15 mol%) in fast-fired composites. Domains were only observed in the grain core, which consisted of essentially unmodified BaTiO$\\sb3$. The shell was comprised of a (Ba,Na)(Ti,Nb)O$\\sb3$ crystalline solution. In addition, a continuously connected NaNbO$\\sb3$-rich intergranular phase was identified.","The core-shell structure was not observed in water-quenched specimens (t$\\sb{\\rm s}$ = 10 min), nor in specimens which had been extensively fired (t$\\sb{\\rm s}$ = 19 hrs). The former consisted of unmodified BaTiO$\\sb3$ grains, with domains extending to boundaries, and the grains were encapsulated by a NaNbO$\\sb3$-rich intergranular phase; while the latter did not contain any domains, and the grains were cubic at room temperature. Na and Nb were distributed quite uniformly throughout the grain and boundary regions. A model for reactive liquid phase sintering was proposed and substantiated by observed microstructural and microchemical characteristics. Features of the ceramic microstructure were related to improvements in the temperature, voltage and time stability of dielectric constant for the composites.","The evolution of microstructure from melt-quenched Bi-Ca-Sr-Cu oxides was also studied by TEM. Prolonged heat-treatments favored the formation of the high T$\\sb{\\rm c}$ 2223 phase, which developed from the lower T$\\sb{\\rm c}$ 2122 phase. Additions of PbO and Sb$\\sb2$O$\\sb3$ reduced the intergrowth content and improved the superconducting properties. A resolidified liquid phase was detected in close contact with the superconducting grains.","Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:38:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5) 9124510.pdf: 15384317 bytes, checksum: 55f15973b9f41cdcfc41162532a2995b (MD5) Previous issue date: 1991","Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding (hding2@illinois.edu) on 2011-05-07T14:57:26Z Item is restricted indefinitely.","Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:26:56-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: none Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","U of I Only"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Electron microscopy studies in electrical ceramics: Dielectric composites and high critical temperature superconductors"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Payne, David A."],"dc:creator":["Xu, Zhengkui"],"dc:date":["2011-05-07T13:38:59Z","10000-01-01","1991"],"dc:description":["This thesis is principally concerned with the microstructural characterization of dielectric composites in the system BaTiO$\\sb3$-NaNbO$\\sb3$ by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), with the expressed purpose of determining the interrelationships that exist between chemical composition and thermal processing conditions on microstructure development and dielectric properties. The investigation was also extended to recent developments in high T$\\sb{\\rm c}$ ceramic superconductors in the Bi-Ca-Sr-Cu oxide system.","Fast-fired (t$\\sb{\\rm s}$ = 1 hr) BaTiO$\\sb3$ was of a coarse grain size ($>$10 $\\mu$m), containing complicated ferroelectric domain structures which extended to the grain boundaries. Fast-fired composites containing less than 3 mol% NaNbO$\\sb3$ were of a fine grain structure ($\\sim$0.5 $\\mu$m). The domains extended to the grain boundaries, and were of a more simple structure. A core-shell type microstructure was identified, which evolved on further additions of NaNbO$\\sb3$ (3-15 mol%) in fast-fired composites. Domains were only observed in the grain core, which consisted of essentially unmodified BaTiO$\\sb3$. The shell was comprised of a (Ba,Na)(Ti,Nb)O$\\sb3$ crystalline solution. In addition, a continuously connected NaNbO$\\sb3$-rich intergranular phase was identified.","The core-shell structure was not observed in water-quenched specimens (t$\\sb{\\rm s}$ = 10 min), nor in specimens which had been extensively fired (t$\\sb{\\rm s}$ = 19 hrs). The former consisted of unmodified BaTiO$\\sb3$ grains, with domains extending to boundaries, and the grains were encapsulated by a NaNbO$\\sb3$-rich intergranular phase; while the latter did not contain any domains, and the grains were cubic at room temperature. Na and Nb were distributed quite uniformly throughout the grain and boundary regions. A model for reactive liquid phase sintering was proposed and substantiated by observed microstructural and microchemical characteristics. Features of the ceramic microstructure were related to improvements in the temperature, voltage and time stability of dielectric constant for the composites.","The evolution of microstructure from melt-quenched Bi-Ca-Sr-Cu oxides was also studied by TEM. Prolonged heat-treatments favored the formation of the high T$\\sb{\\rm c}$ 2223 phase, which developed from the lower T$\\sb{\\rm c}$ 2122 phase. Additions of PbO and Sb$\\sb2$O$\\sb3$ reduced the intergrowth content and improved the superconducting properties. A resolidified liquid phase was detected in close contact with the superconducting grains.","Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:38:59Z (GMT). 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