{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/22216"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/22216","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Thermoregulation by foxes","abstract":"The main objective of this study was to develop a model of the thermoregulatory control system which could be used to predict the responses of unrestrained foxes of different species to naturally occurring thermal stress. The studied species included the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), arctic fox (Alopex lagopus), and kit fox (Vulpes macrotis). The model was used to test hypothesis whether species of foxes occupying different habitats do or do not use the same thermoregulatory control system.","abstract_html":"The main objective of this study was to develop a model of the thermoregulatory control system which could be used to predict the responses of unrestrained foxes of different species to naturally occurring thermal stress. The studied species included the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), arctic fox (Alopex lagopus), and kit fox (Vulpes macrotis). The model was used to test hypothesis whether species of foxes occupying different habitats do or do not use the same thermoregulatory control system.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Klir, John Jan"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Molecular and Integrative Physiology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Heath, James E."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2011,"date_issued":"2011-05-07T13:32:46Z","date_published":"2011-05-07T13:32:46Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:19Z","subjects":["Biology, Animal Physiology"],"languages":["eng"],"rights":["Copyright 1991 Klir, John Jan"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["AAI9210873","(UMI)AAI9210873"],"render_values":[{"text":"AAI9210873","href":null,"code":true},{"text":"(UMI)AAI9210873","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/22216","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Heath, James E."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Klir, John Jan"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2011-05-07T13:32:46Z","10000-01-01","1991"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Molecular and Integrative Physiology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Biology, Animal Physiology"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 1991 Klir, John Jan"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["AAI9210873","(UMI)AAI9210873","http://hdl.handle.net/2142/22216"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["The main objective of this study was to develop a model of the thermoregulatory control system which could be used to predict the responses of unrestrained foxes of different species to naturally occurring thermal stress. The studied species included the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), arctic fox (Alopex lagopus), and kit fox (Vulpes macrotis). The model was used to test hypothesis whether species of foxes occupying different habitats do or do not use the same thermoregulatory control system.","First, infrared (IR) thermography was used to study the control of surface temperature in undisturbed foxes exposed to naturally occurring thermal stress. The resting metabolic rate (RMR) and evaporative water loss (EWL) in the red and arctic fox was measured as oxygen consumption at various ambient temperatures (T$\\sb{\\rm a}$) using metabolic chamber. Total heat flow from the animal's surface (Q$\\sb{\\rm t}$) was calculated using the surface temperature measurements.","Second, red foxes were surgically implanted in the POAH with two thermodes to control the temperatures of this region. The temperature of the POAH (T$\\sb{\\rm poah}$) was monitored with an implanted thermocouple. Deep body temperature (T$\\sb{\\rm b}$), surface temperature, and metabolic rate (MR) were measured. The animals were exposed to various T$\\sb{\\rm a}$ in a temperature chamber.","The most important thermoregulatory surfaces include the area of the dorsal head, face, nose, pinna, lower legs, and paws in the red and kit fox, and the face, nose, front of the pinna, lower legs, and paws in the arctic fox. Although the thermoregulatory effective surface areas represent only about 30% of the total surface area, the animals can lose more than 70% of the total radiative and convective heat loss through these areas. These surfaces are relatively large in the kit fox, small in the arctic fox, and intermediate in the red fox.","MR increased during both heating and cooling of the POAH. Resting T$\\sb{\\rm poah}$ was lower than T$\\sb{\\rm b}$ at all temperatures which indicates presence of some form of brain cooling mechanism. The surface temperature responses to POAH heating or cooling indicated that the thermoregulatory vasomotor responses can occur within one minute following POAH stimulation.","The data support the hypothesis that species of foxes occupying different habitats use the same central thermoregulatory control system, and that they differ basically only in thermoregulatory effectors such as relative size of the thermoregulatory effective surface areas, insulation, vasomotor control, and evaporative heat loss.","Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:32:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5) 9210873.pdf: 3551888 bytes, checksum: 02ff4e8785b4cd2475f8159c1bd40b0b (MD5) Previous issue date: 1991","Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding (hding2@illinois.edu) on 2011-05-07T14:56:07Z Item is restricted indefinitely.","Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:26:12-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: none Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","U of I Only"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Thermoregulation by foxes"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Heath, James E."],"dc:creator":["Klir, John Jan"],"dc:date":["2011-05-07T13:32:46Z","10000-01-01","1991"],"dc:description":["The main objective of this study was to develop a model of the thermoregulatory control system which could be used to predict the responses of unrestrained foxes of different species to naturally occurring thermal stress. The studied species included the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), arctic fox (Alopex lagopus), and kit fox (Vulpes macrotis). The model was used to test hypothesis whether species of foxes occupying different habitats do or do not use the same thermoregulatory control system.","First, infrared (IR) thermography was used to study the control of surface temperature in undisturbed foxes exposed to naturally occurring thermal stress. The resting metabolic rate (RMR) and evaporative water loss (EWL) in the red and arctic fox was measured as oxygen consumption at various ambient temperatures (T$\\sb{\\rm a}$) using metabolic chamber. Total heat flow from the animal's surface (Q$\\sb{\\rm t}$) was calculated using the surface temperature measurements.","Second, red foxes were surgically implanted in the POAH with two thermodes to control the temperatures of this region. The temperature of the POAH (T$\\sb{\\rm poah}$) was monitored with an implanted thermocouple. Deep body temperature (T$\\sb{\\rm b}$), surface temperature, and metabolic rate (MR) were measured. The animals were exposed to various T$\\sb{\\rm a}$ in a temperature chamber.","The most important thermoregulatory surfaces include the area of the dorsal head, face, nose, pinna, lower legs, and paws in the red and kit fox, and the face, nose, front of the pinna, lower legs, and paws in the arctic fox. Although the thermoregulatory effective surface areas represent only about 30% of the total surface area, the animals can lose more than 70% of the total radiative and convective heat loss through these areas. These surfaces are relatively large in the kit fox, small in the arctic fox, and intermediate in the red fox.","MR increased during both heating and cooling of the POAH. Resting T$\\sb{\\rm poah}$ was lower than T$\\sb{\\rm b}$ at all temperatures which indicates presence of some form of brain cooling mechanism. The surface temperature responses to POAH heating or cooling indicated that the thermoregulatory vasomotor responses can occur within one minute following POAH stimulation.","The data support the hypothesis that species of foxes occupying different habitats use the same central thermoregulatory control system, and that they differ basically only in thermoregulatory effectors such as relative size of the thermoregulatory effective surface areas, insulation, vasomotor control, and evaporative heat loss.","Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:32:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5) 9210873.pdf: 3551888 bytes, checksum: 02ff4e8785b4cd2475f8159c1bd40b0b (MD5) Previous issue date: 1991","Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding (hding2@illinois.edu) on 2011-05-07T14:56:07Z Item is restricted indefinitely.","Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:26:12-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: none Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","U of I Only"],"dc:identifier":["AAI9210873","(UMI)AAI9210873","http://hdl.handle.net/2142/22216"],"dc:language":["eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 1991 Klir, John Jan"],"dc:subject":["Biology, Animal Physiology"],"dc:title":["Thermoregulation by foxes"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Molecular and Integrative Physiology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:19Z"}