{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/22176"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/22176","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Wife's off-farm employment and its impact on perceived economic welfare of farm households","abstract":"Specific objectives were (1) to explore the extent to which nonfarm labor force participation of the wife contributes to the economic welfare of the farm household, (2) to identify the relative importance of a subset of variables most likely to affect the economic welfare of the farm household, and (3) to determine the relative importance of socioeconomic and social-psychological variables as groups in explaining perceived income adequacy.","abstract_html":"Specific objectives were (1) to explore the extent to which nonfarm labor force participation of the wife contributes to the economic welfare of the farm household, (2) to identify the relative importance of a subset of variables most likely to affect the economic welfare of the farm household, and (3) to determine the relative importance of socioeconomic and social-psychological variables as groups in explaining perceived income adequacy.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Whittaker, Wesley Lloyd"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Human and Community Development","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Hafstrom, Jeanne"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2011,"date_issued":"2011-05-07T13:31:26Z","date_published":"2011-05-07T13:31:26Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:19Z","subjects":["Women's Studies","Economics, Agricultural","Economics, Labor"],"languages":["eng"],"rights":["Copyright 1991 Whittaker, Wesley Lloyd"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["AAI9211032","(UMI)AAI9211032"],"render_values":[{"text":"AAI9211032","href":null,"code":true},{"text":"(UMI)AAI9211032","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/22176","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Hafstrom, Jeanne"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Whittaker, Wesley Lloyd"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2011-05-07T13:31:26Z","10000-01-01","1991"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Human and Community Development"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Women's Studies","Economics, Agricultural","Economics, Labor"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 1991 Whittaker, Wesley Lloyd"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["AAI9211032","(UMI)AAI9211032","http://hdl.handle.net/2142/22176"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Specific objectives were (1) to explore the extent to which nonfarm labor force participation of the wife contributes to the economic welfare of the farm household, (2) to identify the relative importance of a subset of variables most likely to affect the economic welfare of the farm household, and (3) to determine the relative importance of socioeconomic and social-psychological variables as groups in explaining perceived income adequacy.","Data were from the Illinois sample of the S-191 regional research project on the effect of nonfarm employment on family economic productivity and functioning. Eligibility for the survey required that at least one spouse be involved in farming. The sample included 240 respondents. The dependent variable was perceived income adequacy, obtained from the Illinois portion of the instrument.","Three models of perceived well-being were tested. The primary mode of analysis was ordinary least squares. A stepwise regression analysis (Model II) also was used to isolate an important subset of variables.","\"Results for Model I (general model) showed that the independent variables did well in explaining the dependent variable. They explained 45% of the variation in perceived income adequacy. Five of the fourteen variables in the general model were statistically significant (p $\\leq$.05). Significant variables included: total household income, net worth, satisfaction with farm income, and satisfaction with housing. Also significant was the reason the wife has a nonfarm job. It was a dummy variable set with two categories: (a) monetary reason, and (b) nonmonetary reason; wives not employed was the omitted category. Signs for both categories were negative. Only category \"\"a\"\" was statistically significant. Nonfarm income also was significant but only at the.10 level.\"","Labor force variables contributed significantly to explaining perceived economic welfare of farm households. However, the remuneration from the wives' off-farm employment does not necessarily improve the well-being of the farm household. Additional research is suggested.","Model III results showed that the group of social-psychological variables explained a larger proportion of variance in the dependent variable than the group of socioeconomic variables. Satisfaction with farm income explained the largest variance in perceived income adequacy than any other explanatory variable.","Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:31:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5) 9211032.pdf: 4139268 bytes, checksum: 42ea0f101be89c4171270d4a68751600 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1991","Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding (hding2@illinois.edu) on 2011-05-07T14:55:50Z Item is restricted indefinitely.","Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:26:04-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: none Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","U of I Only"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Wife's off-farm employment and its impact on perceived economic welfare of farm households"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Hafstrom, Jeanne"],"dc:creator":["Whittaker, Wesley Lloyd"],"dc:date":["2011-05-07T13:31:26Z","10000-01-01","1991"],"dc:description":["Specific objectives were (1) to explore the extent to which nonfarm labor force participation of the wife contributes to the economic welfare of the farm household, (2) to identify the relative importance of a subset of variables most likely to affect the economic welfare of the farm household, and (3) to determine the relative importance of socioeconomic and social-psychological variables as groups in explaining perceived income adequacy.","Data were from the Illinois sample of the S-191 regional research project on the effect of nonfarm employment on family economic productivity and functioning. Eligibility for the survey required that at least one spouse be involved in farming. The sample included 240 respondents. The dependent variable was perceived income adequacy, obtained from the Illinois portion of the instrument.","Three models of perceived well-being were tested. The primary mode of analysis was ordinary least squares. A stepwise regression analysis (Model II) also was used to isolate an important subset of variables.","\"Results for Model I (general model) showed that the independent variables did well in explaining the dependent variable. They explained 45% of the variation in perceived income adequacy. Five of the fourteen variables in the general model were statistically significant (p $\\leq$.05). Significant variables included: total household income, net worth, satisfaction with farm income, and satisfaction with housing. Also significant was the reason the wife has a nonfarm job. It was a dummy variable set with two categories: (a) monetary reason, and (b) nonmonetary reason; wives not employed was the omitted category. Signs for both categories were negative. Only category \"\"a\"\" was statistically significant. Nonfarm income also was significant but only at the.10 level.\"","Labor force variables contributed significantly to explaining perceived economic welfare of farm households. However, the remuneration from the wives' off-farm employment does not necessarily improve the well-being of the farm household. Additional research is suggested.","Model III results showed that the group of social-psychological variables explained a larger proportion of variance in the dependent variable than the group of socioeconomic variables. Satisfaction with farm income explained the largest variance in perceived income adequacy than any other explanatory variable.","Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:31:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5) 9211032.pdf: 4139268 bytes, checksum: 42ea0f101be89c4171270d4a68751600 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1991","Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding (hding2@illinois.edu) on 2011-05-07T14:55:50Z Item is restricted indefinitely.","Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:26:04-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: none Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","U of I Only"],"dc:identifier":["AAI9211032","(UMI)AAI9211032","http://hdl.handle.net/2142/22176"],"dc:language":["eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 1991 Whittaker, Wesley Lloyd"],"dc:subject":["Women's Studies","Economics, Agricultural","Economics, Labor"],"dc:title":["Wife's off-farm employment and its impact on perceived economic welfare of farm households"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Human and Community Development"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:19Z"}