{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/21107"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/21107","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"The effects of underwater explosions on fish with techniques to mitigate those effects","abstract":"\"This dissertation is divided into two broad areas of study. The first section focuses on the \"\"state-of-the-science\"\" of environmental effects of underwater explosive use. The literature review demonstrated a lack of standardization of methodologies. A number of methodological questions were examined to determine how they affect the ability to compare published studies and the validity of existing mortality models. The review showed that lack of standardization makes comparison or duplication of published studies difficult, if not impossible. Also, the existing models were inaccurate due to faulty methodologies.\"","abstract_html":""This dissertation is divided into two broad areas of study. The first section focuses on the ""state-of-the-science"" of environmental effects of underwater explosive use. The literature review demonstrated a lack of standardization of methodologies. A number of methodological questions were examined to determine how they affect the ability to compare published studies and the validity of existing mortality models. The review showed that lack of standardization makes comparison or duplication of published studies difficult, if not impossible. Also, the existing models were inaccurate due to faulty methodologies."","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Keevin, Thomas M."],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Veterinary Clinical Medicine","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Schaeffer, David J."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2011,"date_issued":"2011-05-07T12:58:36Z","date_published":"2011-05-07T12:58:36Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:17Z","subjects":["Biology, Anatomy","Biology, Ecology","Engineering, Civil","Environmental Sciences","Agriculture, Fisheries and Aquaculture"],"languages":["eng"],"rights":["Copyright 1995 Keevin, Thomas M."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["AAI9543623","(UMI)AAI9543623"],"render_values":[{"text":"AAI9543623","href":null,"code":true},{"text":"(UMI)AAI9543623","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/21107","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Schaeffer, David J."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Keevin, Thomas M."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2011-05-07T12:58:36Z","10000-01-01","1995"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Veterinary Clinical Medicine"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Biology, Anatomy","Biology, Ecology","Engineering, Civil","Environmental Sciences","Agriculture, Fisheries and Aquaculture"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 1995 Keevin, Thomas M."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["AAI9543623","(UMI)AAI9543623","http://hdl.handle.net/2142/21107"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["\"This dissertation is divided into two broad areas of study. The first section focuses on the \"\"state-of-the-science\"\" of environmental effects of underwater explosive use. The literature review demonstrated a lack of standardization of methodologies. A number of methodological questions were examined to determine how they affect the ability to compare published studies and the validity of existing mortality models. The review showed that lack of standardization makes comparison or duplication of published studies difficult, if not impossible. Also, the existing models were inaccurate due to faulty methodologies.\"","A number of these methodological questions were evaluated in the field using bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) as experimental animals. Chapter 2 used LD50 data to compare three published mortality quantification methods. The methods gave significantly different results. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed. In Chapter 3, the relationship between internal organ damage and explosive pressure waveforms was evaluated, and it was found that all previously published waveform components gave similar models. Chapter 4 found that mortality resulting from detonation of three high explosives (Pellite, Apex 260, and T-100 Two Component) had similar LD50 kill zones (m). Chapter 5 compares LD50 kill zone (m) values generated for bluegill in a shallow water environment with computed kill radii from the impulse strength model and energy flux density model. The effects of methodological inconsistencies on the accuracy of existing models when compared to field data are discussed.","The second section focuses on natural resource agency permitting requirements and agency recommended mitigation measures. Chapter 6 reviews natural resource agency policies, permit requirements, and mitigation requirements concerning underwater explosive use. Chapter 7 evaluates the effectiveness of a bubble curtain in reducing the fish kill radius of underwater explosions. Bubble curtain use resulted in a significant reduction in mortality. Chapter 8 evaluates the effectiveness of small repelling charges in moving three species of radio-tagged fish. Repelling charges were not effective in moving fish out of kill zones from large blasts.","Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T12:58:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5) 9543623.pdf: 9981862 bytes, checksum: c1485437af92b1730db4fb0c6782c378 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1995","Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding (hding2@illinois.edu) on 2011-05-07T14:48:31Z Item is restricted indefinitely.","Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:21:59-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: none Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","U of I Only"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The effects of underwater explosions on fish with techniques to mitigate those effects"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Schaeffer, David J."],"dc:creator":["Keevin, Thomas M."],"dc:date":["2011-05-07T12:58:36Z","10000-01-01","1995"],"dc:description":["\"This dissertation is divided into two broad areas of study. The first section focuses on the \"\"state-of-the-science\"\" of environmental effects of underwater explosive use. The literature review demonstrated a lack of standardization of methodologies. A number of methodological questions were examined to determine how they affect the ability to compare published studies and the validity of existing mortality models. The review showed that lack of standardization makes comparison or duplication of published studies difficult, if not impossible. Also, the existing models were inaccurate due to faulty methodologies.\"","A number of these methodological questions were evaluated in the field using bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) as experimental animals. Chapter 2 used LD50 data to compare three published mortality quantification methods. The methods gave significantly different results. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed. In Chapter 3, the relationship between internal organ damage and explosive pressure waveforms was evaluated, and it was found that all previously published waveform components gave similar models. Chapter 4 found that mortality resulting from detonation of three high explosives (Pellite, Apex 260, and T-100 Two Component) had similar LD50 kill zones (m). Chapter 5 compares LD50 kill zone (m) values generated for bluegill in a shallow water environment with computed kill radii from the impulse strength model and energy flux density model. The effects of methodological inconsistencies on the accuracy of existing models when compared to field data are discussed.","The second section focuses on natural resource agency permitting requirements and agency recommended mitigation measures. Chapter 6 reviews natural resource agency policies, permit requirements, and mitigation requirements concerning underwater explosive use. Chapter 7 evaluates the effectiveness of a bubble curtain in reducing the fish kill radius of underwater explosions. Bubble curtain use resulted in a significant reduction in mortality. Chapter 8 evaluates the effectiveness of small repelling charges in moving three species of radio-tagged fish. Repelling charges were not effective in moving fish out of kill zones from large blasts.","Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T12:58:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5) 9543623.pdf: 9981862 bytes, checksum: c1485437af92b1730db4fb0c6782c378 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1995","Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding (hding2@illinois.edu) on 2011-05-07T14:48:31Z Item is restricted indefinitely.","Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:21:59-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: none Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","U of I Only"],"dc:identifier":["AAI9543623","(UMI)AAI9543623","http://hdl.handle.net/2142/21107"],"dc:language":["eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 1995 Keevin, Thomas M."],"dc:subject":["Biology, Anatomy","Biology, Ecology","Engineering, Civil","Environmental Sciences","Agriculture, Fisheries and Aquaculture"],"dc:title":["The effects of underwater explosions on fish with techniques to mitigate those effects"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Veterinary Clinical Medicine"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:17Z"}