{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/20758"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/20758","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Distributional effects of the Mexican agricultural trade policies: The tomato case","abstract":"The objective of this study was to analyze the welfare effects of Mexican tomato export policies. A voluntary import quota and production and export subsidies were used for the estimation of welfare impacts on Mexican consumers, producers and the government budget. Welfare effects were evaluated within a partial equilibrium framework under a two-country one-commodity trade model where Mexico was considered a large exporter nation and the United States the importer country. Changes in consumer and producer surpluses were used as measures of welfare indicators and for evaluating: (1) the welfare transfer effects in monetary terms; (2) the total welfare cost; and (3) the cost of income support due to policy intervention. For the computation of welfare effects associated with tomato trade policies, price and income elasticities were estimated from an econometric model representing the domestic and foreign markets for Mexican tomatoes.","abstract_html":"The objective of this study was to analyze the welfare effects of Mexican tomato export policies. A voluntary import quota and production and export subsidies were used for the estimation of welfare impacts on Mexican consumers, producers and the government budget. Welfare effects were evaluated within a partial equilibrium framework under a two-country one-commodity trade model where Mexico was considered a large exporter nation and the United States the importer country. Changes in consumer and producer surpluses were used as measures of welfare indicators and for evaluating: (1) the welfare transfer effects in monetary terms; (2) the total welfare cost; and (3) the cost of income support due to policy intervention. For the computation of welfare effects associated with tomato trade policies, price and income elasticities were estimated from an econometric model representing the domestic and foreign markets for Mexican tomatoes.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Salcedo-Baca, Diznarda"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Agricultural Economics","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Schmidt, Stephen C."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2011,"date_issued":"2011-05-07T12:48:25Z","date_published":"2011-05-07T12:48:25Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:16Z","subjects":["Economics, Agricultural"],"languages":["eng"],"rights":["Copyright 1990 Salcedo-Baca, Diznarda"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["AAI9026312","(UMI)AAI9026312"],"render_values":[{"text":"AAI9026312","href":null,"code":true},{"text":"(UMI)AAI9026312","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/20758","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Schmidt, Stephen C."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Salcedo-Baca, Diznarda"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2011-05-07T12:48:25Z","10000-01-01","1990"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Agricultural Economics"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Economics, Agricultural"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 1990 Salcedo-Baca, Diznarda"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["AAI9026312","(UMI)AAI9026312","http://hdl.handle.net/2142/20758"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["The objective of this study was to analyze the welfare effects of Mexican tomato export policies. A voluntary import quota and production and export subsidies were used for the estimation of welfare impacts on Mexican consumers, producers and the government budget. Welfare effects were evaluated within a partial equilibrium framework under a two-country one-commodity trade model where Mexico was considered a large exporter nation and the United States the importer country. Changes in consumer and producer surpluses were used as measures of welfare indicators and for evaluating: (1) the welfare transfer effects in monetary terms; (2) the total welfare cost; and (3) the cost of income support due to policy intervention. For the computation of welfare effects associated with tomato trade policies, price and income elasticities were estimated from an econometric model representing the domestic and foreign markets for Mexican tomatoes.","Results indicated that both tomato supplies and demand, foreign and domestic, are price inelastic. Fresh tomatoes were found to be luxury items in the United States and normal goods in Mexico during the winter season. Welfare effects attributable to Mexico's tomato export policy over the 1972-1987 period showed that the specific production subsidy extended by the government to tomato farmers, in the form of subsidized inputs, brought benefits to consumers and producers, while the export subsidy enhanced producers's welfare at the expense of consumers and taxpayers. Both subsidies implied a cost to the government. However, while the former generated a net gain to the country, the latter yielded a net loss. Although, the export subsidy was a more efficient policy in transferring surplus to tomato farmers than the production scheme, results suggest that the government would be better off providing the subsidy to producers (via preferential credit, irrigation and fertilizer) than to exporters (through subsidized credit). The operation of the voluntary import quota benefited both tomato consumers and producers without entailing any direct cost to the Mexican government. The results conform with theoretical postulates and are based on specific assumptions. They are only valid for the analyzed period and are subject to the reliability of data used.","Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T12:48:25Z (GMT). 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A voluntary import quota and production and export subsidies were used for the estimation of welfare impacts on Mexican consumers, producers and the government budget. Welfare effects were evaluated within a partial equilibrium framework under a two-country one-commodity trade model where Mexico was considered a large exporter nation and the United States the importer country. Changes in consumer and producer surpluses were used as measures of welfare indicators and for evaluating: (1) the welfare transfer effects in monetary terms; (2) the total welfare cost; and (3) the cost of income support due to policy intervention. For the computation of welfare effects associated with tomato trade policies, price and income elasticities were estimated from an econometric model representing the domestic and foreign markets for Mexican tomatoes.","Results indicated that both tomato supplies and demand, foreign and domestic, are price inelastic. Fresh tomatoes were found to be luxury items in the United States and normal goods in Mexico during the winter season. Welfare effects attributable to Mexico's tomato export policy over the 1972-1987 period showed that the specific production subsidy extended by the government to tomato farmers, in the form of subsidized inputs, brought benefits to consumers and producers, while the export subsidy enhanced producers's welfare at the expense of consumers and taxpayers. Both subsidies implied a cost to the government. However, while the former generated a net gain to the country, the latter yielded a net loss. Although, the export subsidy was a more efficient policy in transferring surplus to tomato farmers than the production scheme, results suggest that the government would be better off providing the subsidy to producers (via preferential credit, irrigation and fertilizer) than to exporters (through subsidized credit). The operation of the voluntary import quota benefited both tomato consumers and producers without entailing any direct cost to the Mexican government. The results conform with theoretical postulates and are based on specific assumptions. They are only valid for the analyzed period and are subject to the reliability of data used.","Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T12:48:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5) 9026312.pdf: 10413364 bytes, checksum: c766aef7f0fc17ed1b89df06db5421f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1990","Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding (hding2@illinois.edu) on 2011-05-07T14:46:04Z Item is restricted indefinitely.","Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:20:33-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: none Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","U of I Only"],"dc:identifier":["AAI9026312","(UMI)AAI9026312","http://hdl.handle.net/2142/20758"],"dc:language":["eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 1990 Salcedo-Baca, Diznarda"],"dc:subject":["Economics, Agricultural"],"dc:title":["Distributional effects of the Mexican agricultural trade policies: The tomato case"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Agricultural Economics"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:16Z"}