Building the border: The treatment of immigrants in France, 1884-1914
"Between 1884 and 1914, several hundred thousand male foreigners, chiefly Italian, entered unskilled occupations in France's ""dual labor market."" In French Lorraine, Italians formed an industrial labor underclass in mining and construction. This work analyzes the French response to this proletarian immigration: the construction of a citizen-foreigner border. The border was a social structure which functioned both to exclude alien workers from political and social rights and to subordinate foreigners in the labor market and the occupational hierarchy. It was formalized and reinforced by several French ""immigrant policies."" The Ministry of the Interior established special police controls over alien workers (1893) and used deportation as a tool to discourage Italian activism and upward social mobility. The Ministry of Commerce established quotas on the employment of foreign workers in the public sector (1899)."
History, European, Sociology, Ethnic and Racial Studies, Sociology, Social Structure and Development
University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign
Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign