{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/20389"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/20389","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Toxicokinetics and structure/toxicity relationships of low molecular weight peptide toxins from cyanobacteria","abstract":"The toxicokinetics of tritiated dihydromicrocystin-LR ( ($\\sp3$H) 2H-MCLR) were studied in anesthetized pigs. Two dose groups (75 and 25 $\\mu$g/kg) were given radiolabeled plus nonlabeled 2H-MCLR IV and one dose group (75$\\mu$g/kg) was given radiolabeled plus nonlabeled 2H-MCLR via an isolated ileal loop. At either IV dose, more than half the radiolabel from ($\\sp3$H) 2H-MCLR present in the blood at one minute postdosing was cleared by 6 minutes. The blood clearance at the 75 $\\mu$g/kg dose was slower than at the 25 $\\mu$g/kg dose. Following administration of ($\\sp3$H) 2H-MCLR at 75 $\\mu$g/kg via the ileum, the maximal concentration of toxin in blood was achieved at 90 minutes after dosing, when ($\\sp3$H) 2H-MCLR in portal venous blood was 3.6 times higher than in peripheral venous blood. At 4 hours after IV dosing at 25 $\\mu$g/kg, 64.6 percent of the total dose (%TD) was located in the liver tissue, with lesser amounts in the kidneys (1.2%TD), lungs (1.75%TD), heart (0.22%TD), ileum (0.13%TD), and spleen (0.04%TD). A similar distribution in pigs was found at 4 hours after dosing IV at 75 $\\mu$g/kg, with the liver containing somewhat less at 46.99%TD, and the kidneys containing slightly more at 2.19%TD. The livers of the pigs given 75 $\\mu$g/kg via the ileal loop at 5 hours postdosing, contained 49.5%TD and the ileum had 33.94%TD. The majority of radiolabel in the liver could be accounted for by parent compound, but two minor radioactive components were also isolated.","abstract_html":"The toxicokinetics of tritiated dihydromicrocystin-LR ( ($\\sp3$H) 2H-MCLR) were studied in anesthetized pigs. Two dose groups (75 and 25 <span class=\"etd-inline-math\">&mu;</span>g/kg) were given radiolabeled plus nonlabeled 2H-MCLR IV and one dose group (75<span class=\"etd-inline-math\">&mu;</span>g/kg) was given radiolabeled plus nonlabeled 2H-MCLR via an isolated ileal loop. At either IV dose, more than half the radiolabel from ($\\sp3$H) 2H-MCLR present in the blood at one minute postdosing was cleared by 6 minutes. The blood clearance at the 75 <span class=\"etd-inline-math\">&mu;</span>g/kg dose was slower than at the 25 <span class=\"etd-inline-math\">&mu;</span>g/kg dose. Following administration of ($\\sp3$H) 2H-MCLR at 75 <span class=\"etd-inline-math\">&mu;</span>g/kg via the ileum, the maximal concentration of toxin in blood was achieved at 90 minutes after dosing, when ($\\sp3$H) 2H-MCLR in portal venous blood was 3.6 times higher than in peripheral venous blood. At 4 hours after IV dosing at 25 <span class=\"etd-inline-math\">&mu;</span>g/kg, 64.6 percent of the total dose (%TD) was located in the liver tissue, with lesser amounts in the kidneys (1.2%TD), lungs (1.75%TD), heart (0.22%TD), ileum (0.13%TD), and spleen (0.04%TD). A similar distribution in pigs was found at 4 hours after dosing IV at 75 <span class=\"etd-inline-math\">&mu;</span>g/kg, with the liver containing somewhat less at 46.99%TD, and the kidneys containing slightly more at 2.19%TD. The livers of the pigs given 75 <span class=\"etd-inline-math\">&mu;</span>g/kg via the ileal loop at 5 hours postdosing, contained 49.5%TD and the ileum had 33.94%TD. The majority of radiolabel in the liver could be accounted for by parent compound, but two minor radioactive components were also isolated.","abstract_has_math":true,"creators":["Stotts, Richard Rae"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Veterinary Biosciences","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Beasley, Val Richard"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2011,"date_issued":"2011-05-07T12:37:48Z","date_published":"2011-05-07T12:37:48Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:15Z","subjects":["Health Sciences, Toxicology","Biology, Microbiology","Biology, Veterinary Science"],"languages":["eng"],"rights":["Copyright 1996 Stotts, Richard Rae"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["AAI9625200","(UMI)AAI9625200"],"render_values":[{"text":"AAI9625200","href":null,"code":true},{"text":"(UMI)AAI9625200","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/20389","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Beasley, Val Richard"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Stotts, Richard Rae"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2011-05-07T12:37:48Z","10000-01-01","1996"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Veterinary Biosciences"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Health Sciences, Toxicology","Biology, Microbiology","Biology, Veterinary Science"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 1996 Stotts, Richard Rae"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["AAI9625200","(UMI)AAI9625200","http://hdl.handle.net/2142/20389"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["The toxicokinetics of tritiated dihydromicrocystin-LR ( ($\\sp3$H) 2H-MCLR) were studied in anesthetized pigs. Two dose groups (75 and 25 $\\mu$g/kg) were given radiolabeled plus nonlabeled 2H-MCLR IV and one dose group (75$\\mu$g/kg) was given radiolabeled plus nonlabeled 2H-MCLR via an isolated ileal loop. At either IV dose, more than half the radiolabel from ($\\sp3$H) 2H-MCLR present in the blood at one minute postdosing was cleared by 6 minutes. The blood clearance at the 75 $\\mu$g/kg dose was slower than at the 25 $\\mu$g/kg dose. Following administration of ($\\sp3$H) 2H-MCLR at 75 $\\mu$g/kg via the ileum, the maximal concentration of toxin in blood was achieved at 90 minutes after dosing, when ($\\sp3$H) 2H-MCLR in portal venous blood was 3.6 times higher than in peripheral venous blood. At 4 hours after IV dosing at 25 $\\mu$g/kg, 64.6 percent of the total dose (%TD) was located in the liver tissue, with lesser amounts in the kidneys (1.2%TD), lungs (1.75%TD), heart (0.22%TD), ileum (0.13%TD), and spleen (0.04%TD). A similar distribution in pigs was found at 4 hours after dosing IV at 75 $\\mu$g/kg, with the liver containing somewhat less at 46.99%TD, and the kidneys containing slightly more at 2.19%TD. The livers of the pigs given 75 $\\mu$g/kg via the ileal loop at 5 hours postdosing, contained 49.5%TD and the ileum had 33.94%TD. The majority of radiolabel in the liver could be accounted for by parent compound, but two minor radioactive components were also isolated.","The relative toxicity of microcystins from a cyanobacterial bloom containing Microcystis aeruginosa, M. viridis, and M. wesenbergii, was studied. Ten hepatotoxic microcystins and one microcystin, a laboratory breakdown product, of substantially reduced toxicity were isolated. The compound with reduced toxicity, was nonlethal at 1 mg/kg (IP mouse) and was determined to have a (C$\\rm\\sb3H\\sb7O\\sb2$) mono-ester of the alpha-carboxyl on the Glu unit of microcystin-LR. The other nine microcystins had approximate LD$\\sb{50}$s ranging from 97 $\\mu$g/kg to 750 $\\mu$g/kg.","Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T12:37:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5) 9625200.pdf: 4728723 bytes, checksum: b2f83df5f079d57a64d7e0fbaafcf772 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1996","Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding (hding2@illinois.edu) on 2011-05-07T14:43:34Z Item is restricted indefinitely.","Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:19:04-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: none Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","U of I Only"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Toxicokinetics and structure/toxicity relationships of low molecular weight peptide toxins from cyanobacteria"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Beasley, Val Richard"],"dc:creator":["Stotts, Richard Rae"],"dc:date":["2011-05-07T12:37:48Z","10000-01-01","1996"],"dc:description":["The toxicokinetics of tritiated dihydromicrocystin-LR ( ($\\sp3$H) 2H-MCLR) were studied in anesthetized pigs. Two dose groups (75 and 25 $\\mu$g/kg) were given radiolabeled plus nonlabeled 2H-MCLR IV and one dose group (75$\\mu$g/kg) was given radiolabeled plus nonlabeled 2H-MCLR via an isolated ileal loop. At either IV dose, more than half the radiolabel from ($\\sp3$H) 2H-MCLR present in the blood at one minute postdosing was cleared by 6 minutes. The blood clearance at the 75 $\\mu$g/kg dose was slower than at the 25 $\\mu$g/kg dose. Following administration of ($\\sp3$H) 2H-MCLR at 75 $\\mu$g/kg via the ileum, the maximal concentration of toxin in blood was achieved at 90 minutes after dosing, when ($\\sp3$H) 2H-MCLR in portal venous blood was 3.6 times higher than in peripheral venous blood. At 4 hours after IV dosing at 25 $\\mu$g/kg, 64.6 percent of the total dose (%TD) was located in the liver tissue, with lesser amounts in the kidneys (1.2%TD), lungs (1.75%TD), heart (0.22%TD), ileum (0.13%TD), and spleen (0.04%TD). A similar distribution in pigs was found at 4 hours after dosing IV at 75 $\\mu$g/kg, with the liver containing somewhat less at 46.99%TD, and the kidneys containing slightly more at 2.19%TD. The livers of the pigs given 75 $\\mu$g/kg via the ileal loop at 5 hours postdosing, contained 49.5%TD and the ileum had 33.94%TD. The majority of radiolabel in the liver could be accounted for by parent compound, but two minor radioactive components were also isolated.","The relative toxicity of microcystins from a cyanobacterial bloom containing Microcystis aeruginosa, M. viridis, and M. wesenbergii, was studied. Ten hepatotoxic microcystins and one microcystin, a laboratory breakdown product, of substantially reduced toxicity were isolated. The compound with reduced toxicity, was nonlethal at 1 mg/kg (IP mouse) and was determined to have a (C$\\rm\\sb3H\\sb7O\\sb2$) mono-ester of the alpha-carboxyl on the Glu unit of microcystin-LR. The other nine microcystins had approximate LD$\\sb{50}$s ranging from 97 $\\mu$g/kg to 750 $\\mu$g/kg.","Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T12:37:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5) 9625200.pdf: 4728723 bytes, checksum: b2f83df5f079d57a64d7e0fbaafcf772 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1996","Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding (hding2@illinois.edu) on 2011-05-07T14:43:34Z Item is restricted indefinitely.","Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:19:04-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: none Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","U of I Only"],"dc:identifier":["AAI9625200","(UMI)AAI9625200","http://hdl.handle.net/2142/20389"],"dc:language":["eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 1996 Stotts, Richard Rae"],"dc:subject":["Health Sciences, Toxicology","Biology, Microbiology","Biology, Veterinary Science"],"dc:title":["Toxicokinetics and structure/toxicity relationships of low molecular weight peptide toxins from cyanobacteria"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Veterinary Biosciences"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:15Z"}