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In doing so, a narrow concept of Leptosphaeria based on its type species is substantiated and strengthened. The characteristics of superficial ascocarps with scleroplectenchymatous wall cells and ascospores which are fusiform, 3-to-multiseptate remain important in delimiting the genus. Anamorphs were not considered because only type or herbarium specimens were studied.","A survey of twenty-eight species of Leptosphaeria described from Rosaceous hosts reveals that most of these species do not possess the diagnostic characteristics of the genus. Instead, they are distributed among twelve genera, twenty species and one variety in the Ascomycota. The species are described and illustrated. One new name is proposed for a species of Leptosphaeria. To accommodate the species excluded from Leptosphaeria, eight new combinations are proposed.","Six species on Rosaceous hosts are accepted in Leptosphaeria: L. doliolum, L. dryadophila, L. praetermissa, L. umbrosa, L. cercocarpi and L. coniothyrium.","Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T11:54:49Z (GMT). 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In doing so, a narrow concept of Leptosphaeria based on its type species is substantiated and strengthened. The characteristics of superficial ascocarps with scleroplectenchymatous wall cells and ascospores which are fusiform, 3-to-multiseptate remain important in delimiting the genus. Anamorphs were not considered because only type or herbarium specimens were studied.","A survey of twenty-eight species of Leptosphaeria described from Rosaceous hosts reveals that most of these species do not possess the diagnostic characteristics of the genus. Instead, they are distributed among twelve genera, twenty species and one variety in the Ascomycota. The species are described and illustrated. One new name is proposed for a species of Leptosphaeria. 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