{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/18963"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/18963","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Cytological and biochemical analyses of Wolbachia pipienitis, causative reagent of cytoplasmic incompatibility in Drosophila simulans","abstract":"Cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) refers to the male-specific sterility widely observed among various insect species. CI has been correlated to an intracellular microorganism called Wolbachia pipientis. The expression of CI results when males infected with the symbionts are crossed with uninfected females; whereas reciprocal crosses between infected females and uninfected males are compatible, as well as crosses between flies of same infection types. CI was discovered in Drosophila simulans(DSR) in 1989, however virtually nothing is known regarding molecular mechanisms of CI.","abstract_html":"Cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) refers to the male-specific sterility widely observed among various insect species. CI has been correlated to an intracellular microorganism called Wolbachia pipientis. The expression of CI results when males infected with the symbionts are crossed with uninfected females; whereas reciprocal crosses between infected females and uninfected males are compatible, as well as crosses between flies of same infection types. CI was discovered in Drosophila simulans(DSR) in 1989, however virtually nothing is known regarding molecular mechanisms of CI.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Kose, Hiroyuki"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Biochemistry","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Karr, Timothy L."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2011,"date_issued":"2011-05-07T11:52:47Z","date_published":"2011-05-07T11:52:47Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:12Z","subjects":["Biology, Cell","Chemistry, Biochemistry"],"languages":["eng"],"rights":["Copyright 1995 Kose, Hiroyuki"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["AAI9624395","(UMI)AAI9624395"],"render_values":[{"text":"AAI9624395","href":null,"code":true},{"text":"(UMI)AAI9624395","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/18963","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Karr, Timothy L."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Kose, Hiroyuki"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2011-05-07T11:52:47Z","10000-01-01","1995"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Biochemistry"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Biology, Cell","Chemistry, Biochemistry"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 1995 Kose, Hiroyuki"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["AAI9624395","(UMI)AAI9624395","http://hdl.handle.net/2142/18963"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) refers to the male-specific sterility widely observed among various insect species. CI has been correlated to an intracellular microorganism called Wolbachia pipientis. The expression of CI results when males infected with the symbionts are crossed with uninfected females; whereas reciprocal crosses between infected females and uninfected males are compatible, as well as crosses between flies of same infection types. CI was discovered in Drosophila simulans(DSR) in 1989, however virtually nothing is known regarding molecular mechanisms of CI.","In order to investigate the host-symbiont relationships, the symbionts were isolated in pure form from fly embryos and subsequently used to generate monoclonal antibodies specific to Wolbachia. Using one of those Wolbachia antibodies, the behavior of the symbiont during early embryogenesis was described. Indirect immunofluorescence staining, combined with confocal microscopy, revealed that during mitosis Wolbachia are localized near spindle poles and centrosomes. Direct interactions between the bacteria and centrosome-organized microtubules were implicated.","Furthermore, counting the number of Wolbachia revealed that there was no indication of bacterial cell division during preblastoderm period, which suggests that the localization as well as the growth of Wolbachia is under the tight regulation of host system.","\"Six monoclonal anti-Wolbachia antibodies were classified based on nuclei staining patterns. Class I Mabs stain nuclei in both DSR (infected) & DSRT (uninfected), class II in DSRT, but not in DSR, and class III in neither DSR nor DSRT. It is surprising that immunoblot analysis showed that all of these anti-Wolbachia antibodies revealed identical bands in infected and uninfected extracts, suggesting that Wolbachia bind to a number of host proteins. One of the antigens by these antibodies was identified as histone H1, and N-terminal amino acid sequence was determined for one other Wol-antigen. The sequence showed mild homology with kinesin-like protein (KLP) of Drosophila melonogaster. Based upon these observations, I propose a \"\"sink\"\" model, which may explain the molecular mechanisms of CI.\"","Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T11:52:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5) 9624395.pdf: 3651426 bytes, checksum: 90ddcb763f5453d0d0df2fff2bfaf4cb (MD5) Previous issue date: 1995","Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding (hding2@illinois.edu) on 2011-05-07T14:33:43Z Item is restricted indefinitely.","Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:12:34-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: none Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","U of I Only"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Cytological and biochemical analyses of Wolbachia pipienitis, causative reagent of cytoplasmic incompatibility in Drosophila simulans"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Karr, Timothy L."],"dc:creator":["Kose, Hiroyuki"],"dc:date":["2011-05-07T11:52:47Z","10000-01-01","1995"],"dc:description":["Cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) refers to the male-specific sterility widely observed among various insect species. CI has been correlated to an intracellular microorganism called Wolbachia pipientis. The expression of CI results when males infected with the symbionts are crossed with uninfected females; whereas reciprocal crosses between infected females and uninfected males are compatible, as well as crosses between flies of same infection types. CI was discovered in Drosophila simulans(DSR) in 1989, however virtually nothing is known regarding molecular mechanisms of CI.","In order to investigate the host-symbiont relationships, the symbionts were isolated in pure form from fly embryos and subsequently used to generate monoclonal antibodies specific to Wolbachia. Using one of those Wolbachia antibodies, the behavior of the symbiont during early embryogenesis was described. Indirect immunofluorescence staining, combined with confocal microscopy, revealed that during mitosis Wolbachia are localized near spindle poles and centrosomes. Direct interactions between the bacteria and centrosome-organized microtubules were implicated.","Furthermore, counting the number of Wolbachia revealed that there was no indication of bacterial cell division during preblastoderm period, which suggests that the localization as well as the growth of Wolbachia is under the tight regulation of host system.","\"Six monoclonal anti-Wolbachia antibodies were classified based on nuclei staining patterns. Class I Mabs stain nuclei in both DSR (infected) & DSRT (uninfected), class II in DSRT, but not in DSR, and class III in neither DSR nor DSRT. It is surprising that immunoblot analysis showed that all of these anti-Wolbachia antibodies revealed identical bands in infected and uninfected extracts, suggesting that Wolbachia bind to a number of host proteins. One of the antigens by these antibodies was identified as histone H1, and N-terminal amino acid sequence was determined for one other Wol-antigen. The sequence showed mild homology with kinesin-like protein (KLP) of Drosophila melonogaster. Based upon these observations, I propose a \"\"sink\"\" model, which may explain the molecular mechanisms of CI.\"","Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T11:52:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5) 9624395.pdf: 3651426 bytes, checksum: 90ddcb763f5453d0d0df2fff2bfaf4cb (MD5) Previous issue date: 1995","Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding (hding2@illinois.edu) on 2011-05-07T14:33:43Z Item is restricted indefinitely.","Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:12:34-05:00 Original Data Group with Access UIUC Users [automated] Release Date: none Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permission","U of I Only"],"dc:identifier":["AAI9624395","(UMI)AAI9624395","http://hdl.handle.net/2142/18963"],"dc:language":["eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 1995 Kose, Hiroyuki"],"dc:subject":["Biology, Cell","Chemistry, Biochemistry"],"dc:title":["Cytological and biochemical analyses of Wolbachia pipienitis, causative reagent of cytoplasmic incompatibility in Drosophila simulans"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Biochemistry"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:12Z"}