{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/17027"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/17027","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Response modification factor of reinforced concrete moment resisting frames in developing countries","abstract":"Vulnerability of buildings to seismic hazards is more drastic in developing countries with high seismicity, as compared to developed countries. This is primarily attributed to the lack of seismic design guidelines, which fit the type of structural systems and practices that are often applied in such parts of the world. Response reduction factors (R factors) are essential seismic design tools, which are typically used to describe the level of inelasticity expected in lateral structural systems during an earthquake. The R factors in many developing countries are often adopted from the well developed seismic design codes used in the United States or Europe. These R factors provide false representation for the structural practices applied in developing countries and thus considered unrealistic. So there is a dire need to come up with realistic R factors for various structural systems used in such countries. This study utilizes incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) and peak ground parameters to determine the R factor of reinforced concrete (RC) moment resisting frames (MRFs) in Pakistan. A suite of ground motion records from the region is used in the study. Two-dimensional building models are developed in OpenSees and subjected to nonlinear time history analysis. Fiber sections with different material constitutive behaviors are constructed for each of the building’s critical elements. The reinforcement detailing of the analyzed buildings is determined from two prototype buildings in Pakistan. A parametric study involving RC MRFs with variation in dimensional and material properties was conducted to examine the effect of these properties on R factor. Results showed that R factor is affected by both geometric configuration and material strength; however, variation in geometric parameters tends to display more significant impact on the R factor value. The results also show that the R factors recommended by the United States seismic design provisions are unconservative and over estimate the R factor values for some selection of ground motion while it is conservative for others.","abstract_html":"Vulnerability of buildings to seismic hazards is more drastic in developing countries with high seismicity, as compared to developed countries. This is primarily attributed to the lack of seismic design guidelines, which fit the type of structural systems and practices that are often applied in such parts of the world. Response reduction factors (R factors) are essential seismic design tools, which are typically used to describe the level of inelasticity expected in lateral structural systems during an earthquake. The R factors in many developing countries are often adopted from the well developed seismic design codes used in the United States or Europe. These R factors provide false representation for the structural practices applied in developing countries and thus considered unrealistic. So there is a dire need to come up with realistic R factors for various structural systems used in such countries. This study utilizes incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) and peak ground parameters to determine the R factor of reinforced concrete (RC) moment resisting frames (MRFs) in Pakistan. A suite of ground motion records from the region is used in the study. Two-dimensional building models are developed in OpenSees and subjected to nonlinear time history analysis. Fiber sections with different material constitutive behaviors are constructed for each of the building’s critical elements. The reinforcement detailing of the analyzed buildings is determined from two prototype buildings in Pakistan. A parametric study involving RC MRFs with variation in dimensional and material properties was conducted to examine the effect of these properties on R factor. Results showed that R factor is affected by both geometric configuration and material strength; however, variation in geometric parameters tends to display more significant impact on the R factor value. The results also show that the R factors recommended by the United States seismic design provisions are unconservative and over estimate the R factor values for some selection of ground motion while it is conservative for others.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Zafar, Adeel"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Civil Engineering","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Andrawes, Bassem"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2010,"date_issued":"2010-08-31T20:29:47Z","date_published":"2010-08-31T20:29:47Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:09Z","subjects":["Reinforced Concrete","Response Modification Factor","Seismic behavior","Moment Resisting Frames","Seismic Hazard in Developing Countries"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2010 Adeel Zafar"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/17027","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Andrawes, Bassem"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Zafar, Adeel"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2010-08-31T20:29:47Z","2012-09-07T16:43:37Z","2010-08"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Civil Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Reinforced Concrete","Response Modification Factor","Seismic behavior","Moment Resisting Frames","Seismic Hazard in Developing Countries"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2010 Adeel Zafar"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/17027"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Vulnerability of buildings to seismic hazards is more drastic in developing countries with high seismicity, as compared to developed countries. This is primarily attributed to the lack of seismic design guidelines, which fit the type of structural systems and practices that are often applied in such parts of the world. Response reduction factors (R factors) are essential seismic design tools, which are typically used to describe the level of inelasticity expected in lateral structural systems during an earthquake. The R factors in many developing countries are often adopted from the well developed seismic design codes used in the United States or Europe. These R factors provide false representation for the structural practices applied in developing countries and thus considered unrealistic. So there is a dire need to come up with realistic R factors for various structural systems used in such countries. This study utilizes incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) and peak ground parameters to determine the R factor of reinforced concrete (RC) moment resisting frames (MRFs) in Pakistan. A suite of ground motion records from the region is used in the study. Two-dimensional building models are developed in OpenSees and subjected to nonlinear time history analysis. Fiber sections with different material constitutive behaviors are constructed for each of the building’s critical elements. The reinforcement detailing of the analyzed buildings is determined from two prototype buildings in Pakistan. A parametric study involving RC MRFs with variation in dimensional and material properties was conducted to examine the effect of these properties on R factor. Results showed that R factor is affected by both geometric configuration and material strength; however, variation in geometric parameters tends to display more significant impact on the R factor value. The results also show that the R factors recommended by the United States seismic design provisions are unconservative and over estimate the R factor values for some selection of ground motion while it is conservative for others.","Item withdrawn by Mark Zulauf (zulauf@illinois.edu) on 2010-07-22T18:23:45Z Item was in collections: University of Illinois Theses & Dissertations (ID: 1) No. of bitstreams: 2 Zafar_Adeel.doc: 6326784 bytes, checksum: 1573789312e23d951568b08d2f3c3320 (MD5) Zafar_Adeel.pdf: 5045699 bytes, checksum: af3538bf787dca88a2ef3d108da0753a (MD5)","Made available in DSpace on 2010-08-31T20:29:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 Zafar_Adeel.pdf: 5045699 bytes, checksum: af3538bf787dca88a2ef3d108da0753a (MD5) Zafar_Adeel.doc: 6326784 bytes, checksum: d8d501c032593ecd7831ee26e9856d1b (MD5) 1_Zafar_Adeel.doc: 6326784 bytes, checksum: d8d501c032593ecd7831ee26e9856d1b (MD5) 1_Zafar_Adeel.pdf: 5045819 bytes, checksum: e7a3905b21fe15f980c75c75888eec91 (MD5) license.txt: 4059 bytes, checksum: 8528a9905be481ffd1a7fc55d264368f (MD5)","Item marked as restricted to the 'Administrator' Group (id=1) by William Ingram (wingram2@illinois.edu) on 2010-08-31T20:32:51Z Item is restricted until 2012-08-31T20:32:49Z","Item reinstated by Sarah Shreeves (sshreeve@illinois.edu) on 2012-09-07T16:43:37Z Item was in collections: University of Illinois Dissertations and Theses (ID: 204) Dissertations and Theses - Civil and Environmental Engineering (ID: 672) No. of bitstreams: 6 Zafar_Adeel.pdf: 5045699 bytes, checksum: af3538bf787dca88a2ef3d108da0753a (MD5) Zafar_Adeel.doc: 6326784 bytes, checksum: d8d501c032593ecd7831ee26e9856d1b (MD5) 1_Zafar_Adeel.doc: 6326784 bytes, checksum: d8d501c032593ecd7831ee26e9856d1b (MD5) 1_Zafar_Adeel.pdf: 5045819 bytes, checksum: e7a3905b21fe15f980c75c75888eec91 (MD5) license.txt: 4059 bytes, checksum: 8528a9905be481ffd1a7fc55d264368f (MD5) 1_Zafar_Adeel.pdf.txt: 130434 bytes, checksum: a0011b6bc6b6643eeded79ef7d25514f (MD5)","Item released from any restrictions by Sarah Shreeves (sshreeve@illinois.edu) on 2012-09-07T16:43:37Z"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Response modification factor of reinforced concrete moment resisting frames in developing countries"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Andrawes, Bassem"],"dc:creator":["Zafar, Adeel"],"dc:date":["2010-08-31T20:29:47Z","2012-09-07T16:43:37Z","2010-08"],"dc:description":["Vulnerability of buildings to seismic hazards is more drastic in developing countries with high seismicity, as compared to developed countries. This is primarily attributed to the lack of seismic design guidelines, which fit the type of structural systems and practices that are often applied in such parts of the world. Response reduction factors (R factors) are essential seismic design tools, which are typically used to describe the level of inelasticity expected in lateral structural systems during an earthquake. The R factors in many developing countries are often adopted from the well developed seismic design codes used in the United States or Europe. These R factors provide false representation for the structural practices applied in developing countries and thus considered unrealistic. So there is a dire need to come up with realistic R factors for various structural systems used in such countries. This study utilizes incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) and peak ground parameters to determine the R factor of reinforced concrete (RC) moment resisting frames (MRFs) in Pakistan. A suite of ground motion records from the region is used in the study. Two-dimensional building models are developed in OpenSees and subjected to nonlinear time history analysis. Fiber sections with different material constitutive behaviors are constructed for each of the building’s critical elements. The reinforcement detailing of the analyzed buildings is determined from two prototype buildings in Pakistan. A parametric study involving RC MRFs with variation in dimensional and material properties was conducted to examine the effect of these properties on R factor. Results showed that R factor is affected by both geometric configuration and material strength; however, variation in geometric parameters tends to display more significant impact on the R factor value. The results also show that the R factors recommended by the United States seismic design provisions are unconservative and over estimate the R factor values for some selection of ground motion while it is conservative for others.","Item withdrawn by Mark Zulauf (zulauf@illinois.edu) on 2010-07-22T18:23:45Z Item was in collections: University of Illinois Theses & Dissertations (ID: 1) No. of bitstreams: 2 Zafar_Adeel.doc: 6326784 bytes, checksum: 1573789312e23d951568b08d2f3c3320 (MD5) Zafar_Adeel.pdf: 5045699 bytes, checksum: af3538bf787dca88a2ef3d108da0753a (MD5)","Made available in DSpace on 2010-08-31T20:29:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 Zafar_Adeel.pdf: 5045699 bytes, checksum: af3538bf787dca88a2ef3d108da0753a (MD5) Zafar_Adeel.doc: 6326784 bytes, checksum: d8d501c032593ecd7831ee26e9856d1b (MD5) 1_Zafar_Adeel.doc: 6326784 bytes, checksum: d8d501c032593ecd7831ee26e9856d1b (MD5) 1_Zafar_Adeel.pdf: 5045819 bytes, checksum: e7a3905b21fe15f980c75c75888eec91 (MD5) license.txt: 4059 bytes, checksum: 8528a9905be481ffd1a7fc55d264368f (MD5)","Item marked as restricted to the 'Administrator' Group (id=1) by William Ingram (wingram2@illinois.edu) on 2010-08-31T20:32:51Z Item is restricted until 2012-08-31T20:32:49Z","Item reinstated by Sarah Shreeves (sshreeve@illinois.edu) on 2012-09-07T16:43:37Z Item was in collections: University of Illinois Dissertations and Theses (ID: 204) Dissertations and Theses - Civil and Environmental Engineering (ID: 672) No. of bitstreams: 6 Zafar_Adeel.pdf: 5045699 bytes, checksum: af3538bf787dca88a2ef3d108da0753a (MD5) Zafar_Adeel.doc: 6326784 bytes, checksum: d8d501c032593ecd7831ee26e9856d1b (MD5) 1_Zafar_Adeel.doc: 6326784 bytes, checksum: d8d501c032593ecd7831ee26e9856d1b (MD5) 1_Zafar_Adeel.pdf: 5045819 bytes, checksum: e7a3905b21fe15f980c75c75888eec91 (MD5) license.txt: 4059 bytes, checksum: 8528a9905be481ffd1a7fc55d264368f (MD5) 1_Zafar_Adeel.pdf.txt: 130434 bytes, checksum: a0011b6bc6b6643eeded79ef7d25514f (MD5)","Item released from any restrictions by Sarah Shreeves (sshreeve@illinois.edu) on 2012-09-07T16:43:37Z"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/17027"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2010 Adeel Zafar"],"dc:subject":["Reinforced Concrete","Response Modification Factor","Seismic behavior","Moment Resisting Frames","Seismic Hazard in Developing Countries"],"dc:title":["Response modification factor of reinforced concrete moment resisting frames in developing countries"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Civil Engineering"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:09Z"}