{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/130230"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/130230","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Global coal ball stable isotope analysis to define permineralizing environments","abstract":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2027-08-01","abstract_html":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2027-08-01","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Beddow, Hannah"],"institution":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Plant Biology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Punyasena, Surangi W.","Christie, Max","Johnson, Tom","Elrick, Scott","Conroy, Jessica"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2025,"date_issued":"2025-07-25","date_published":"2025-07-25","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:06Z","subjects":["Coal","Ball","Stable","Isotope","Geochemistry","Carboniferous","Swamp","Paleobotony"],"languages":["en","eng"],"rights":["Copyright 2025 Hannah Beddow"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/130230","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Punyasena, Surangi W.","Christie, Max","Johnson, Tom","Elrick, Scott","Conroy, Jessica"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Beddow, Hannah"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2025-07-25","2025-08"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Plant Biology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Coal","Ball","Stable","Isotope","Geochemistry","Carboniferous","Swamp","Paleobotony"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en","eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2025 Hannah Beddow"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/130230"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2027-08-01","The student, Hannah Beddow, accepted the attached license on 2025-07-24 at 12:08.","The student, Hannah Beddow, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2025-07-24 at 12:18.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2025-07-25 at 10:36.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #22729 on 2025-10-25 at 15:54:39","Coal balls are permineralized calcareous remains of plant material from peat swamps of the late Carboniferous and early Permian, formed under conditions unique to the time period by processes that are still not fully understood. While multiple pathways have been proposed for the formation of coal balls, there is currently no consensus. Geochemical, petrological, and cyclostratigraphic results from previous studies have provided conflicting evidence suggesting that meteoric water or marine water is the source of the calcium carbonate ions responsible for permineralizing areas of the peat swamp. Similarly, there is a lack of consensus regarding the specific triggering mechanism by which calcite begins to precipitate within the peat. We aimed to establish a comprehensive global geochemical dataset of stable isotope values, with the goal of characterizing the environments and conditions necessary for the formation of coal balls. Our δ13C, δ18O, and 87Sr/86Sr measurements were within the range of a meteoric water source with a small number of outliers that suggested a marine water source. We interpret these results as indicating that coal balls formed in a predominantly meteoric water environment, with occasional inputs of marine water into the peat swamp."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Global coal ball stable isotope analysis to define permineralizing environments"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Punyasena, Surangi W.","Christie, Max","Johnson, Tom","Elrick, Scott","Conroy, Jessica"],"dc:creator":["Beddow, Hannah"],"dc:date":["2025-07-25","2025-08"],"dc:description":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2027-08-01","The student, Hannah Beddow, accepted the attached license on 2025-07-24 at 12:08.","The student, Hannah Beddow, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2025-07-24 at 12:18.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2025-07-25 at 10:36.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #22729 on 2025-10-25 at 15:54:39","Coal balls are permineralized calcareous remains of plant material from peat swamps of the late Carboniferous and early Permian, formed under conditions unique to the time period by processes that are still not fully understood. While multiple pathways have been proposed for the formation of coal balls, there is currently no consensus. Geochemical, petrological, and cyclostratigraphic results from previous studies have provided conflicting evidence suggesting that meteoric water or marine water is the source of the calcium carbonate ions responsible for permineralizing areas of the peat swamp. Similarly, there is a lack of consensus regarding the specific triggering mechanism by which calcite begins to precipitate within the peat. We aimed to establish a comprehensive global geochemical dataset of stable isotope values, with the goal of characterizing the environments and conditions necessary for the formation of coal balls. Our δ13C, δ18O, and 87Sr/86Sr measurements were within the range of a meteoric water source with a small number of outliers that suggested a marine water source. We interpret these results as indicating that coal balls formed in a predominantly meteoric water environment, with occasional inputs of marine water into the peat swamp."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/130230"],"dc:language":["en","eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2025 Hannah Beddow"],"dc:subject":["Coal","Ball","Stable","Isotope","Geochemistry","Carboniferous","Swamp","Paleobotony"],"dc:title":["Global coal ball stable isotope analysis to define permineralizing environments"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Plant Biology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:06Z"}