{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/130206"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/130206","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Examining the role of extracellular vesicles in macrophage vitamin A release","abstract":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2027-08-01","abstract_html":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2027-08-01","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Xiao, Colin"],"institution":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Nutritional Sciences","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Amengual, Jaume","Erdman, John","Cadwallader, Keith"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2025,"date_issued":"2025-07-23","date_published":"2025-07-23","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:06Z","subjects":["Vitamin A","Macrophages","Extracellular Vesicles"],"languages":["en","eng"],"rights":["Copyright 2025 Colin Xiao"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/130206","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Amengual, Jaume","Erdman, John","Cadwallader, Keith"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Xiao, Colin"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2025-07-23","2025-08"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Nutritional Sciences"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Vitamin A","Macrophages","Extracellular Vesicles"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en","eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2025 Colin Xiao"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/130206"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2027-08-01","The student, Colin Xiao, accepted the attached license on 2025-07-22 at 15:27.","The student, Colin Xiao, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2025-07-22 at 15:31.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2025-07-23 at 15:29.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #22628 on 2025-10-25 at 15:54:18","Vitamin A plays an important role in the regulation of the immune system by impacting cell differentiation and proliferation. Previous research in our lab and in others suggests that macrophages can release vitamin A to modulate gene expression in other immune cells. However, the mechanisms by which this process occurs remain unclear. We hypothesize that extracellular vesicles (EVs) are responsible for vitamin A secretion from macrophages. To test this, we exposed murine bone marrow derived macrophages to serum enriched with vitamin A for 24 hours. After this incubation time, we washed the cells twice and exposed them to vitamin A-free medium for 6 hours to quantify the amount of vitamin A (retinol and retinyl esters) in cell lysates and media by high performance liquid chromatography. Using these experimental settings, we tested the impact inhibitors of EV secretion had on macrophage vitamin A secretion. We complemented these studies with EV isolation and purification to measure their retinoid content. HPLC analysis showed that the retinoid content of the cells and media mostly consisted of retinyl esters, with low levels of retinol. Our overall findings show that the inhibition of exosome production decreases levels of vitamin A secretion from macrophages. Additionally, isolated EVs from vitamin A treated macrophages showed elevated vitamin A levels, suggesting the involvement of exosomes in the process of vitamin A release from macrophages."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Examining the role of extracellular vesicles in macrophage vitamin A release"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Amengual, Jaume","Erdman, John","Cadwallader, Keith"],"dc:creator":["Xiao, Colin"],"dc:date":["2025-07-23","2025-08"],"dc:description":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2027-08-01","The student, Colin Xiao, accepted the attached license on 2025-07-22 at 15:27.","The student, Colin Xiao, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2025-07-22 at 15:31.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2025-07-23 at 15:29.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #22628 on 2025-10-25 at 15:54:18","Vitamin A plays an important role in the regulation of the immune system by impacting cell differentiation and proliferation. Previous research in our lab and in others suggests that macrophages can release vitamin A to modulate gene expression in other immune cells. However, the mechanisms by which this process occurs remain unclear. We hypothesize that extracellular vesicles (EVs) are responsible for vitamin A secretion from macrophages. To test this, we exposed murine bone marrow derived macrophages to serum enriched with vitamin A for 24 hours. After this incubation time, we washed the cells twice and exposed them to vitamin A-free medium for 6 hours to quantify the amount of vitamin A (retinol and retinyl esters) in cell lysates and media by high performance liquid chromatography. Using these experimental settings, we tested the impact inhibitors of EV secretion had on macrophage vitamin A secretion. We complemented these studies with EV isolation and purification to measure their retinoid content. HPLC analysis showed that the retinoid content of the cells and media mostly consisted of retinyl esters, with low levels of retinol. Our overall findings show that the inhibition of exosome production decreases levels of vitamin A secretion from macrophages. Additionally, isolated EVs from vitamin A treated macrophages showed elevated vitamin A levels, suggesting the involvement of exosomes in the process of vitamin A release from macrophages."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/130206"],"dc:language":["en","eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2025 Colin Xiao"],"dc:subject":["Vitamin A","Macrophages","Extracellular Vesicles"],"dc:title":["Examining the role of extracellular vesicles in macrophage vitamin A release"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Nutritional Sciences"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:06Z"}