{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/130193"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/130193","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Critical policy analysis of police presence in Florida, Illinois, and Texas county district schools","abstract":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2027-08-01","abstract_html":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2027-08-01","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Exum, Cynthia"],"institution":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Educational Policy Studies","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Pak, Yoon","Baber, Lorenzo","Ward Hood, Denice","Moton, Theopolies"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2025,"date_issued":"2025-07-16","date_published":"2025-07-16","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:06Z","subjects":["Police In Schools","Deputies In Schools","School Discipline Practices"],"languages":["en","eng"],"rights":["Copyright 2025 Cynthia Exum"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/130193","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Pak, Yoon","Baber, Lorenzo","Ward Hood, Denice","Moton, Theopolies"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Exum, Cynthia"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2025-07-16","2025-08"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Educational Policy Studies"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Police In Schools","Deputies In Schools","School Discipline Practices"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en","eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2025 Cynthia Exum"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/130193"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2027-08-01","The student, Cynthia Exum, accepted the attached license on 2025-07-15 at 15:21.","The student, Cynthia Exum, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2025-07-15 at 15:56.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2025-07-16 at 20:52.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #22585 on 2025-10-25 at 15:54:09","This research is centered on racial and social justice, police education, and the growing impact of police in schools in the United States. More particularly, it is concerned with the evolution of police culture over time as it has become more militarized and how that affects local police, law enforcement agencies, and especially police or deputies in schools and the communities they serve. Central Research Question This work is a critical policy analysis of police presence in schools from 2006-2018, with particular focus on Florida, Illinois, and Texas. What are the ways school district policies in Florida, Illinois, and Texas on law enforcement officers in schools align with practice, and what are the ways in which they diverge? The literature review for this topic highlights a number of themes that were present in much of the current research. These themes include racial disparities in school discipline practices and student arrests, the militarization of the police, brief historical and educational backgrounds on police practice, the overwhelming idea that cameras worn by police (body-cams) would be a panacea to prevent problems, and the alarmingly exponential increase in the numbers of police in schools and how their practices are becoming likewise more militarized. Even with the increase in law enforcement officers and their military-like equipment and practices - schools and students have not become safer."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Critical policy analysis of police presence in Florida, Illinois, and Texas county district schools"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Pak, Yoon","Baber, Lorenzo","Ward Hood, Denice","Moton, Theopolies"],"dc:creator":["Exum, Cynthia"],"dc:date":["2025-07-16","2025-08"],"dc:description":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2027-08-01","The student, Cynthia Exum, accepted the attached license on 2025-07-15 at 15:21.","The student, Cynthia Exum, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2025-07-15 at 15:56.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2025-07-16 at 20:52.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #22585 on 2025-10-25 at 15:54:09","This research is centered on racial and social justice, police education, and the growing impact of police in schools in the United States. More particularly, it is concerned with the evolution of police culture over time as it has become more militarized and how that affects local police, law enforcement agencies, and especially police or deputies in schools and the communities they serve. Central Research Question This work is a critical policy analysis of police presence in schools from 2006-2018, with particular focus on Florida, Illinois, and Texas. What are the ways school district policies in Florida, Illinois, and Texas on law enforcement officers in schools align with practice, and what are the ways in which they diverge? The literature review for this topic highlights a number of themes that were present in much of the current research. These themes include racial disparities in school discipline practices and student arrests, the militarization of the police, brief historical and educational backgrounds on police practice, the overwhelming idea that cameras worn by police (body-cams) would be a panacea to prevent problems, and the alarmingly exponential increase in the numbers of police in schools and how their practices are becoming likewise more militarized. Even with the increase in law enforcement officers and their military-like equipment and practices - schools and students have not become safer."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/130193"],"dc:language":["en","eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2025 Cynthia Exum"],"dc:subject":["Police In Schools","Deputies In Schools","School Discipline Practices"],"dc:title":["Critical policy analysis of police presence in Florida, Illinois, and Texas county district schools"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Educational Policy Studies"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:06Z"}