{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/129714"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/129714","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Resistance to gibberella ear rot in maize: Potential mechanisms and breeding strategies","abstract":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2027-05-01","abstract_html":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2027-05-01","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Lipps, Sarah J."],"institution":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Crop Sciences","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Jamann, Tiffany","Bohn, Martin","Rutkoski, Jessica","Butts-Wilmsmeyer, Carolyn"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2025,"date_issued":"2025-04-24","date_published":"2025-04-24","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:05Z","subjects":["quantitative disease resistance","Gibberella ear rot","Fusarium graminearum","Fusarium head blight","maize","zea mays","environmental covariates","sliding window","Fusarium ear rot","Fusarium verticillioides","Aspergillus ear rot","Aspergillus flavus","multiple disease resistance","near-isogenic lines","mycotoxins","dexoynivalenol","zearalenone"],"languages":["en","eng"],"rights":["Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/129714","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Jamann, Tiffany","Bohn, Martin","Rutkoski, Jessica","Butts-Wilmsmeyer, Carolyn"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Lipps, Sarah J."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2025-04-24","2025-05"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text","Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Crop Sciences"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["quantitative disease resistance","Gibberella ear rot","Fusarium graminearum","Fusarium head blight","maize","zea mays","environmental covariates","sliding window","Fusarium ear rot","Fusarium verticillioides","Aspergillus ear rot","Aspergillus flavus","multiple disease resistance","near-isogenic lines","mycotoxins","dexoynivalenol","zearalenone"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en","eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/129714"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2027-05-01","The student, Sarah Lipps, accepted the attached license on 2025-04-23 at 11:06.","The student, Sarah Lipps, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2025-04-23 at 11:11.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2025-04-24 at 14:21.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #21915 on 2025-10-19 at 19:53:50","F. graminearum, the causal agent of Gibberella ear rot in corn, is one of the most dangerous plant-pathogenic fungi that causes disease on maize. F. graminearum deposits the mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA) which can cause emesis, food refusal, and cancer in humans and animals when consumed. The United States, Canada, and Europe have systems and checks in place to manage mycotoxin exposure; while regions that lack this infrastructure are chronically exposed to mycotoxins as part of their diet. Outbreaks are possible everywhere despite even the best management practices. Breeding has resulted in increased resistance to fungal colonization, which indirectly decreases DON levels in grain. However, highly resistant hybrids have yet to be released. Additionally, DON can be present in grain without visual symptoms, emphasizing the need to target both traits in breeding programs. A final facet in the complex maize-F. graminearum system is the environmental variability associated with the disease. Within the same growing region disease pressure and mycotoxin presence can vary drastically between growing seasons. Wheat, another host for F. graminearum, has been extensively studied. By comparing the two systems we can gain insight into potential mechanisms of resistance. As a complement to ongoing breeding efforts, continued screening of diverse germplasm, identification of potential regions for further follow-up, and an exploration of potential mechanisms underlying disease resistance will improve understanding of the disease. Using a diversity panel (n = 318) I identified multiple markers associated with GER resistance, mycotoxin accumulations, changes in hydroxycinnamic acid content, and pericarp thickness. Several metabolic pathways and candidate genes were associated with the phenylpropanoid pathway and cell wall reinforcement. Using disease severity values from the diversity panel I selected three near-isogenic line populations to identify meaningful regions associated with disease severity. Using near-isogenic lines and quantitative trait locus mapping, I identified a large region on chromosome 5 in all three populations. Furthermore, we observed moderate correlations between GER severity and resistance to northern corn leaf blight, suggesting the potential for multiple disease resistance across plant organs. Finally, I examined the presence of multiple ear rots and mycotoxins in two hybrid panels that were screened across North America. As the global climate changes, it is important to examine any shifts in disease pressure and mycotoxin accumulation caused by plant pathogens. Regardless of guidelines and testing practices outbreaks can have devastating social and economic impacts. In conclusion, ear rots and their accompanying mycotoxins are prevalent in maize grown in the United States, and it is critically important to work to improve host resistance so that farmers have effective management strategies."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Resistance to gibberella ear rot in maize: Potential mechanisms and breeding strategies"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Jamann, Tiffany","Bohn, Martin","Rutkoski, Jessica","Butts-Wilmsmeyer, Carolyn"],"dc:creator":["Lipps, Sarah J."],"dc:date":["2025-04-24","2025-05"],"dc:description":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2027-05-01","The student, Sarah Lipps, accepted the attached license on 2025-04-23 at 11:06.","The student, Sarah Lipps, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2025-04-23 at 11:11.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2025-04-24 at 14:21.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #21915 on 2025-10-19 at 19:53:50","F. graminearum, the causal agent of Gibberella ear rot in corn, is one of the most dangerous plant-pathogenic fungi that causes disease on maize. F. graminearum deposits the mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA) which can cause emesis, food refusal, and cancer in humans and animals when consumed. The United States, Canada, and Europe have systems and checks in place to manage mycotoxin exposure; while regions that lack this infrastructure are chronically exposed to mycotoxins as part of their diet. Outbreaks are possible everywhere despite even the best management practices. Breeding has resulted in increased resistance to fungal colonization, which indirectly decreases DON levels in grain. However, highly resistant hybrids have yet to be released. Additionally, DON can be present in grain without visual symptoms, emphasizing the need to target both traits in breeding programs. A final facet in the complex maize-F. graminearum system is the environmental variability associated with the disease. Within the same growing region disease pressure and mycotoxin presence can vary drastically between growing seasons. Wheat, another host for F. graminearum, has been extensively studied. By comparing the two systems we can gain insight into potential mechanisms of resistance. As a complement to ongoing breeding efforts, continued screening of diverse germplasm, identification of potential regions for further follow-up, and an exploration of potential mechanisms underlying disease resistance will improve understanding of the disease. Using a diversity panel (n = 318) I identified multiple markers associated with GER resistance, mycotoxin accumulations, changes in hydroxycinnamic acid content, and pericarp thickness. Several metabolic pathways and candidate genes were associated with the phenylpropanoid pathway and cell wall reinforcement. Using disease severity values from the diversity panel I selected three near-isogenic line populations to identify meaningful regions associated with disease severity. Using near-isogenic lines and quantitative trait locus mapping, I identified a large region on chromosome 5 in all three populations. Furthermore, we observed moderate correlations between GER severity and resistance to northern corn leaf blight, suggesting the potential for multiple disease resistance across plant organs. Finally, I examined the presence of multiple ear rots and mycotoxins in two hybrid panels that were screened across North America. As the global climate changes, it is important to examine any shifts in disease pressure and mycotoxin accumulation caused by plant pathogens. Regardless of guidelines and testing practices outbreaks can have devastating social and economic impacts. In conclusion, ear rots and their accompanying mycotoxins are prevalent in maize grown in the United States, and it is critically important to work to improve host resistance so that farmers have effective management strategies."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/129714"],"dc:language":["en","eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license."],"dc:subject":["quantitative disease resistance","Gibberella ear rot","Fusarium graminearum","Fusarium head blight","maize","zea mays","environmental covariates","sliding window","Fusarium ear rot","Fusarium verticillioides","Aspergillus ear rot","Aspergillus flavus","multiple disease resistance","near-isogenic lines","mycotoxins","dexoynivalenol","zearalenone"],"dc:title":["Resistance to gibberella ear rot in maize: Potential mechanisms and breeding strategies"],"dc:type":["text","Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Crop Sciences"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:05Z"}