{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/129173"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/129173","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"How do taxonomic biases in the fossil record and phylogenies interact?","abstract":"Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2025-10-19 without embargo terms","abstract_html":"Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2025-10-19 without embargo terms","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Martin, Jared"],"institution":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Entomology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Evangelista, Dominic"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2025,"date_issued":"2025-03-11","date_published":"2025-03-11","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:04Z","subjects":["Calibration","Fossils","Fossilized Birth-Death","Phylogenetics","Taxonomic Bias"],"languages":["en","eng"],"rights":["Copyright 2025 Jared Martin"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/129173","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Evangelista, Dominic"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Martin, Jared"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2025-03-11","2025-05"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text","Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Entomology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Calibration","Fossils","Fossilized Birth-Death","Phylogenetics","Taxonomic Bias"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en","eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2025 Jared Martin"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/129173"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2025-10-19 without embargo terms","The student, Jared Martin, accepted the attached license on 2025-02-28 at 13:43.","The student, Jared Martin, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2025-02-28 at 14:29.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2025-03-11 at 10:26.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #21654 on 2025-10-19 at 18:09:08","While fossils are an effective means to calibrate molecular phylogenies, their usefulness in determining the age and structure of relationships between taxa is contingent on their appraisal and application by researchers. In cases where a taxon’s fossil record does not properly reflect their overall diversity, such as in insects, plants, or fungi, differences in fossil calibration methodology can have a potentially larger impact on a phylogeny compared to taxa with more complete fossil records. Additionally, fossil data can have differing applications depending on the type of calibration performed by a researcher. This meta-data analysis aims to do the following, elucidate the relative robustness in the fossil record of Phylum Arthropoda, Chordata and some other Eukaryotes while also comparing usage of node and tip dating methods in phylogenetic divergence dating studies. Finally, this paper aims to identify how these taxonomic biases interact with researcher methodology to influence the reconstruction of timetrees. While this final comparison was not possible given the final dataset, the results show major impediments in the Arthropod fossil record compared to the fossil record of Chordates. Despite this, Arthropod phylogenetic studies employ similar methods to studies of groups with more complete fossil records. To maximize useful data from more limited fossil records, such as in the case of the Arthropod fossil record, a higher emphasis should be placed on robust fossil classification and placement. Such standards, while not universal, have been proposed via the Parham Principals. To add to this, due to past issues with placement of fossils, multiple independent publications should validate a fossil’s placement via apomorphy based morphology assessments, proper stratigraphy data, and assess morphological and molecular placement of the fossil."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["How do taxonomic biases in the fossil record and phylogenies interact?"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Evangelista, Dominic"],"dc:creator":["Martin, Jared"],"dc:date":["2025-03-11","2025-05"],"dc:description":["Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2025-10-19 without embargo terms","The student, Jared Martin, accepted the attached license on 2025-02-28 at 13:43.","The student, Jared Martin, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2025-02-28 at 14:29.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2025-03-11 at 10:26.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #21654 on 2025-10-19 at 18:09:08","While fossils are an effective means to calibrate molecular phylogenies, their usefulness in determining the age and structure of relationships between taxa is contingent on their appraisal and application by researchers. In cases where a taxon’s fossil record does not properly reflect their overall diversity, such as in insects, plants, or fungi, differences in fossil calibration methodology can have a potentially larger impact on a phylogeny compared to taxa with more complete fossil records. Additionally, fossil data can have differing applications depending on the type of calibration performed by a researcher. This meta-data analysis aims to do the following, elucidate the relative robustness in the fossil record of Phylum Arthropoda, Chordata and some other Eukaryotes while also comparing usage of node and tip dating methods in phylogenetic divergence dating studies. Finally, this paper aims to identify how these taxonomic biases interact with researcher methodology to influence the reconstruction of timetrees. While this final comparison was not possible given the final dataset, the results show major impediments in the Arthropod fossil record compared to the fossil record of Chordates. Despite this, Arthropod phylogenetic studies employ similar methods to studies of groups with more complete fossil records. To maximize useful data from more limited fossil records, such as in the case of the Arthropod fossil record, a higher emphasis should be placed on robust fossil classification and placement. Such standards, while not universal, have been proposed via the Parham Principals. To add to this, due to past issues with placement of fossils, multiple independent publications should validate a fossil’s placement via apomorphy based morphology assessments, proper stratigraphy data, and assess morphological and molecular placement of the fossil."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/129173"],"dc:language":["en","eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2025 Jared Martin"],"dc:subject":["Calibration","Fossils","Fossilized Birth-Death","Phylogenetics","Taxonomic Bias"],"dc:title":["How do taxonomic biases in the fossil record and phylogenies interact?"],"dc:type":["text","Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Entomology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:04Z"}