{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/129172"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/129172","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Extensions to solid-state superionic stamping with applications to generating structural color","abstract":"Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2025-10-19 without embargo terms","abstract_html":"Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2025-10-19 without embargo terms","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Qian, Boqiang"],"institution":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Mechanical Engineering","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Ferreira, Placid","Kapoor, Shiv","Cai, Lili","Zhao, Yang"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2025,"date_issued":"2025-03-14","date_published":"2025-03-14","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:04Z","subjects":["Electrochemical etching","Nanoimprint lithographyNanopatterning"],"languages":["en","eng"],"rights":["Copyright 2025 Boqiang Qian"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/129172","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Ferreira, Placid","Kapoor, Shiv","Cai, Lili","Zhao, Yang"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Qian, Boqiang"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2025-03-14","2025-05"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text","Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Mechanical Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Electrochemical etching","Nanoimprint lithographyNanopatterning"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en","eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2025 Boqiang Qian"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/129172"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2025-10-19 without embargo terms","The student, Boqiang Qian, accepted the attached license on 2025-02-26 at 23:01.","The student, Boqiang Qian, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2025-03-09 at 13:13.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2025-03-14 at 09:39.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #21652 on 2025-10-19 at 18:09:05","Traditional top-down approaches for producing metallic nanostructures, despite being capable of producing arbitrary 2-D shapes, often use vacuum-based deep sub-micron lithographic fabrication technologies. This makes their use for single-use devices like chemical and bio-sensing substrates difficult to economically justify. In this thesis, I demonstrate a manufacturing pathway that only uses such techniques to produce a master. This reusable master, coupled with a unique and facile electrochemical imprinting process, Solid-State Superionic Stamping (S4), is used to produce several replicated metallic nanostructures, thus demonstrating an economically feasible manufacturing pathway for single-use, nano-enabled devices. The pathway begins with the production of a single master pattern. We use commercially available Two-Photon Lithography (TPL) to direct-write a mask on a silicon substrate. Shallow etching of the silicon substrate with this mask by the Reactive Ion Etching (RIE) process (or Deep Reactive-Ion Etching (DRIE) for deeper patterns) to produce a silicon master mold with the desired pattern. This master is used for hot embossing 〖(AgI)〗_x-〖(AgPO_3)〗_(1-x) glass, a chemically stable pure Ag-ion conductor with a low glass transition temperature, into a stamp. This glass stamp, in turn, is used in the S4 process, to electrochemically imprint the desired pattern into several substrates, thus directly producing the desired nanostructures. The different steps in this process flow are described along with their role and effectiveness in contributing to a high-fidelity plasmonic image reproduction. We use plasmonic image reproduction as an easy-to-visualize proxy for single-use devices such as plasmonic sensors and Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) substrates or Colored Infrared Reflective (CIR) patterns for radiative heating that require nanopatterned metallic structures. It demonstrates a process for replicating a picture by a set of metallic structures that plasmonically produce the desired colors locally. Finally, I explore the application of S4 within the damascene process to replace copper with silver, effectively removing the need for traditional chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP). This approach simplifies the damascene process, offering a cleaner and more efficient patterning method while preserving the structural integrity of the designs."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Extensions to solid-state superionic stamping with applications to generating structural color"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Ferreira, Placid","Kapoor, Shiv","Cai, Lili","Zhao, Yang"],"dc:creator":["Qian, Boqiang"],"dc:date":["2025-03-14","2025-05"],"dc:description":["Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2025-10-19 without embargo terms","The student, Boqiang Qian, accepted the attached license on 2025-02-26 at 23:01.","The student, Boqiang Qian, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2025-03-09 at 13:13.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2025-03-14 at 09:39.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #21652 on 2025-10-19 at 18:09:05","Traditional top-down approaches for producing metallic nanostructures, despite being capable of producing arbitrary 2-D shapes, often use vacuum-based deep sub-micron lithographic fabrication technologies. This makes their use for single-use devices like chemical and bio-sensing substrates difficult to economically justify. In this thesis, I demonstrate a manufacturing pathway that only uses such techniques to produce a master. This reusable master, coupled with a unique and facile electrochemical imprinting process, Solid-State Superionic Stamping (S4), is used to produce several replicated metallic nanostructures, thus demonstrating an economically feasible manufacturing pathway for single-use, nano-enabled devices. The pathway begins with the production of a single master pattern. We use commercially available Two-Photon Lithography (TPL) to direct-write a mask on a silicon substrate. Shallow etching of the silicon substrate with this mask by the Reactive Ion Etching (RIE) process (or Deep Reactive-Ion Etching (DRIE) for deeper patterns) to produce a silicon master mold with the desired pattern. This master is used for hot embossing 〖(AgI)〗_x-〖(AgPO_3)〗_(1-x) glass, a chemically stable pure Ag-ion conductor with a low glass transition temperature, into a stamp. This glass stamp, in turn, is used in the S4 process, to electrochemically imprint the desired pattern into several substrates, thus directly producing the desired nanostructures. The different steps in this process flow are described along with their role and effectiveness in contributing to a high-fidelity plasmonic image reproduction. We use plasmonic image reproduction as an easy-to-visualize proxy for single-use devices such as plasmonic sensors and Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) substrates or Colored Infrared Reflective (CIR) patterns for radiative heating that require nanopatterned metallic structures. It demonstrates a process for replicating a picture by a set of metallic structures that plasmonically produce the desired colors locally. Finally, I explore the application of S4 within the damascene process to replace copper with silver, effectively removing the need for traditional chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP). This approach simplifies the damascene process, offering a cleaner and more efficient patterning method while preserving the structural integrity of the designs."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/129172"],"dc:language":["en","eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2025 Boqiang Qian"],"dc:subject":["Electrochemical etching","Nanoimprint lithographyNanopatterning"],"dc:title":["Extensions to solid-state superionic stamping with applications to generating structural color"],"dc:type":["text","Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Mechanical Engineering"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:04Z"}