{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/127418"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/127418","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Chemometric-based compliance approach for detection of economically motivated fraud in multiple organic spices using NIR spectroscopy","abstract":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2026-12-01","abstract_html":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled &#x27;U of I Access&#x27;, the embargo will last until 2026-12-01","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Schumer, Nathaniel Glen"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Agricultural & Biological Engr","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Kamruzzaman, Mohammed","Singh, Vijay","Rausch, Kent"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2024,"date_issued":"2024-12-13","date_published":"2024-12-13","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:04Z","subjects":["Chemometrics","Spices","Multivariate Analysis","Spectroscopy","Fraud"],"languages":["en","eng"],"rights":["Copyright 2024 Nathaniel Schumer"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/127418","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Kamruzzaman, Mohammed","Singh, Vijay","Rausch, Kent"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Schumer, Nathaniel Glen"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2024-12-13","2024-12"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text","Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Agricultural & Biological Engr"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Chemometrics","Spices","Multivariate Analysis","Spectroscopy","Fraud"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en","eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2024 Nathaniel Schumer"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/127418"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2026-12-01","The student, Nathaniel Schumer, accepted the attached license on 2024-12-13 at 09:25.","The student, Nathaniel Schumer, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2024-12-13 at 09:35.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2024-12-13 at 15:39.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #21595 on 2025-03-28 at 14:45:06","Spices hold significant cultural, culinary, and economic value worldwide, serving as essential ingredients in diverse cuisines and playing a vital role in the global food industry. However, spices are often adulterated to achieve economic gain, as fraudulent practices involving cheaper filler substances can increase profit margins. Even in small amounts, such adulteration with filler material does not significantly alter the aroma, flavor, or color characteristics of the adulterated product. Current regulations offer no definitions or standards for identifying or preventing the sale of adulterated spices. Prediction and identification of these filler materials are determined with conventional techniques and expensive methods that require chemicals and are destructive in nature. This work investigates a chemometric-based fast and non-destructive approach for adulteration detection in multiple species to stop economic fraud. The spices examined were cardamon, cinnamon, coriander, cloves, mustard, and nutmeg. 144 spice samples adulterated with 0-10% corn starch (w/w) were scanned using a benchtop near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer in the 867-2535 nm spectral range. Multivariate analysis was utilized to develop calibration models using partial least-squares regression (PLSR) with raw spectra and various preprocessing approaches applied to the spectra. The calibration and validation model obtained for all spices (R2>0.9, RMSE<1%, and RPD>3) is promising in displaying great predictive ability and performance."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Chemometric-based compliance approach for detection of economically motivated fraud in multiple organic spices using NIR spectroscopy"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Kamruzzaman, Mohammed","Singh, Vijay","Rausch, Kent"],"dc:creator":["Schumer, Nathaniel Glen"],"dc:date":["2024-12-13","2024-12"],"dc:description":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2026-12-01","The student, Nathaniel Schumer, accepted the attached license on 2024-12-13 at 09:25.","The student, Nathaniel Schumer, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2024-12-13 at 09:35.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2024-12-13 at 15:39.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #21595 on 2025-03-28 at 14:45:06","Spices hold significant cultural, culinary, and economic value worldwide, serving as essential ingredients in diverse cuisines and playing a vital role in the global food industry. However, spices are often adulterated to achieve economic gain, as fraudulent practices involving cheaper filler substances can increase profit margins. Even in small amounts, such adulteration with filler material does not significantly alter the aroma, flavor, or color characteristics of the adulterated product. Current regulations offer no definitions or standards for identifying or preventing the sale of adulterated spices. Prediction and identification of these filler materials are determined with conventional techniques and expensive methods that require chemicals and are destructive in nature. This work investigates a chemometric-based fast and non-destructive approach for adulteration detection in multiple species to stop economic fraud. The spices examined were cardamon, cinnamon, coriander, cloves, mustard, and nutmeg. 144 spice samples adulterated with 0-10% corn starch (w/w) were scanned using a benchtop near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer in the 867-2535 nm spectral range. Multivariate analysis was utilized to develop calibration models using partial least-squares regression (PLSR) with raw spectra and various preprocessing approaches applied to the spectra. The calibration and validation model obtained for all spices (R2>0.9, RMSE<1%, and RPD>3) is promising in displaying great predictive ability and performance."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/127418"],"dc:language":["en","eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2024 Nathaniel Schumer"],"dc:subject":["Chemometrics","Spices","Multivariate Analysis","Spectroscopy","Fraud"],"dc:title":["Chemometric-based compliance approach for detection of economically motivated fraud in multiple organic spices using NIR spectroscopy"],"dc:type":["text","Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Agricultural & Biological Engr"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:04Z"}