{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/125826"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/125826","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Improved model of the optical brightness of satellites with several reflective surfaces","abstract":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2026-08-01","abstract_html":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2026-08-01","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Jangid, Nayan"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Aerospace Engineering","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Eggl, Siegfried"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2024,"date_issued":"2024-07-16","date_published":"2024-07-16","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:02Z","subjects":["Satellite Brightness","Photometric Modeling","Satellite Reflectance","Satellite Light Pollution"],"languages":["en","eng"],"rights":["Copyright 2024 Nayan Jangid"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/125826","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Eggl, Siegfried"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Jangid, Nayan"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2024-07-16","2024-08"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text","Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Aerospace Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Satellite Brightness","Photometric Modeling","Satellite Reflectance","Satellite Light Pollution"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en","eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2024 Nayan Jangid"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/125826"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2026-08-01","The student, Nayan Jangid, accepted the attached license on 2024-07-12 at 11:02.","The student, Nayan Jangid, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2024-07-12 at 11:22.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2024-07-16 at 16:11.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #21084 on 2025-02-04 at 21:25:53","This Thesis presents advanced modeling techniques for calculating the apparent brightness of satellites as observed from Earth. The proposed approach incorporates the effects of both direct solar illumination and indirect reflections from the Earth's surface, significantly improving upon previous models. Considering all satellite chassis surfaces, this model offers a comprehensive and realistic representation of the complex interplay of light scattering and reflection. To achieve accurate estimates of satellite apparent brightness, this work employs Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Functions (BRDF) to characterize the reflective properties of satellite components. Integrating BRDF and multi-surface modeling substantially enhances traditional methods, allowing for a more precise understanding of how light interacts with the satellite's surfaces. The mathematical foundations of the multi-surface approach are thoroughly detailed, and the model's predictive performance is validated through comparisons with observations of selected Starlink satellites. The results demonstrate a marked improvement over existing satellite brightness models, highlighting the effectiveness of this comprehensive approach. Furthermore, this empirical model provides critical insights into satellite brightness across various solar angles, which is essential for developing strategies to mitigate the impact of satellite constellations on ground-based astronomy. This work aims to contribute to the sustainable coexistence of astronomical research and the expanding field of space exploration and commercialization. By offering a robust tool for accurately predicting satellite brightness, this thesis supports the ongoing efforts to minimize the adverse effects of satellite constellations on astronomical observations while promoting the sustainable advancement of space technologies."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Improved model of the optical brightness of satellites with several reflective surfaces"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Eggl, Siegfried"],"dc:creator":["Jangid, Nayan"],"dc:date":["2024-07-16","2024-08"],"dc:description":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2026-08-01","The student, Nayan Jangid, accepted the attached license on 2024-07-12 at 11:02.","The student, Nayan Jangid, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2024-07-12 at 11:22.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2024-07-16 at 16:11.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #21084 on 2025-02-04 at 21:25:53","This Thesis presents advanced modeling techniques for calculating the apparent brightness of satellites as observed from Earth. The proposed approach incorporates the effects of both direct solar illumination and indirect reflections from the Earth's surface, significantly improving upon previous models. Considering all satellite chassis surfaces, this model offers a comprehensive and realistic representation of the complex interplay of light scattering and reflection. To achieve accurate estimates of satellite apparent brightness, this work employs Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Functions (BRDF) to characterize the reflective properties of satellite components. Integrating BRDF and multi-surface modeling substantially enhances traditional methods, allowing for a more precise understanding of how light interacts with the satellite's surfaces. The mathematical foundations of the multi-surface approach are thoroughly detailed, and the model's predictive performance is validated through comparisons with observations of selected Starlink satellites. The results demonstrate a marked improvement over existing satellite brightness models, highlighting the effectiveness of this comprehensive approach. Furthermore, this empirical model provides critical insights into satellite brightness across various solar angles, which is essential for developing strategies to mitigate the impact of satellite constellations on ground-based astronomy. This work aims to contribute to the sustainable coexistence of astronomical research and the expanding field of space exploration and commercialization. By offering a robust tool for accurately predicting satellite brightness, this thesis supports the ongoing efforts to minimize the adverse effects of satellite constellations on astronomical observations while promoting the sustainable advancement of space technologies."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/125826"],"dc:language":["en","eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2024 Nayan Jangid"],"dc:subject":["Satellite Brightness","Photometric Modeling","Satellite Reflectance","Satellite Light Pollution"],"dc:title":["Improved model of the optical brightness of satellites with several reflective surfaces"],"dc:type":["text","Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Aerospace Engineering"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:02Z"}