{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/124725"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/124725","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Volumetric thermo-optical photonic integrated circuits","abstract":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2026-05-01","abstract_html":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2026-05-01","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Duggar, Nikita Breq"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Electrical & Computer Engr","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Goddard, Lynford","Braun, Paul"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2024,"date_issued":"2024-05","date_published":"2024-05","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:02Z","subjects":["Photonics","Thermo-optics","Scribe"],"languages":["en","eng"],"rights":["Copyright 2024 Nikita Duggar"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/124725","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Goddard, Lynford","Braun, Paul"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Duggar, Nikita Breq"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2024-05","2024-05-03"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Electrical & Computer Engr"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Photonics","Thermo-optics","Scribe"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en","eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2024 Nikita Duggar"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/124725"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2026-05-01","The student, Nikita Duggar, accepted the attached license on 2024-05-02 at 10:23.","The student, Nikita Duggar, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2024-05-02 at 10:30.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2024-05-03 at 10:20.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #20755 on 2024-09-16 at 00:51:14","Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) are critical to modern data communications. However, many technologies used to fabricate PICs are planar, not allowing for arbitrary 3D structures. The Subsurface Controllable Refractive Index via Beam Exposure (SCRIBE) fabrication method offers 3D control of refractive index inside of porous silicon and silica films through two-photon polymerization of polymer within the films without additional mechanical supports. Many passive optical components have been demonstrated with the SCRIBE method. This work expands on the SCRIBE process by examining methods to integrate metal films to use as resistive heaters for thermal tuning of waveguide refractive index. First, it presents analytical models and simulations to design and predict the behavior of thermally tuned volumetric PICs, including expected power consumption and shifts in spectral features. Next, it outlines strategies to fabricate resistive heaters with SCRIBE-written devices, with discussions to guide future integration efforts of SCRIBE with top-surface fabrication methods. Afterwards, it presents discussion of experimental results, including blueshifted transmission spectra of a heated microring resonator and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. It concludes with research paths towards higher efficiency devices and more capable optical characterization setups."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Volumetric thermo-optical photonic integrated circuits"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Goddard, Lynford","Braun, Paul"],"dc:creator":["Duggar, Nikita Breq"],"dc:date":["2024-05","2024-05-03"],"dc:description":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2026-05-01","The student, Nikita Duggar, accepted the attached license on 2024-05-02 at 10:23.","The student, Nikita Duggar, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2024-05-02 at 10:30.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2024-05-03 at 10:20.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #20755 on 2024-09-16 at 00:51:14","Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) are critical to modern data communications. However, many technologies used to fabricate PICs are planar, not allowing for arbitrary 3D structures. The Subsurface Controllable Refractive Index via Beam Exposure (SCRIBE) fabrication method offers 3D control of refractive index inside of porous silicon and silica films through two-photon polymerization of polymer within the films without additional mechanical supports. Many passive optical components have been demonstrated with the SCRIBE method. This work expands on the SCRIBE process by examining methods to integrate metal films to use as resistive heaters for thermal tuning of waveguide refractive index. First, it presents analytical models and simulations to design and predict the behavior of thermally tuned volumetric PICs, including expected power consumption and shifts in spectral features. Next, it outlines strategies to fabricate resistive heaters with SCRIBE-written devices, with discussions to guide future integration efforts of SCRIBE with top-surface fabrication methods. Afterwards, it presents discussion of experimental results, including blueshifted transmission spectra of a heated microring resonator and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. It concludes with research paths towards higher efficiency devices and more capable optical characterization setups."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/124725"],"dc:language":["en","eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2024 Nikita Duggar"],"dc:subject":["Photonics","Thermo-optics","Scribe"],"dc:title":["Volumetric thermo-optical photonic integrated circuits"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Electrical & Computer Engr"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:02Z"}