{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/122035"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/122035","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Toward automated digital technologies for piglet behavior analysis","abstract":"Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2024-03-01 without embargo terms","abstract_html":"Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled &#x27;Open Access&#x27;. The submission was exported from vireo on 2024-03-01 without embargo terms","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Williams-Stroud, Tawni N."],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Animal Sciences","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Green-Miller, Angela","Dilger, Ryan N.","Condotta, Isabella"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2023,"date_issued":"2023-12","date_published":"2023-12","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:00Z","subjects":["Welfare","Ethogram","Resting"],"languages":["en","eng"],"rights":["Copyright 2023 Tawni Williams-Stroud"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/122035","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Green-Miller, Angela","Dilger, Ryan N.","Condotta, Isabella"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Williams-Stroud, Tawni N."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2023-12","2023-12-05"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Animal Sciences"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Welfare","Ethogram","Resting"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en","eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2023 Tawni Williams-Stroud"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/122035"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2024-03-01 without embargo terms","The student, Tawni Williams-Stroud, accepted the attached license on 2023-11-29 at 14:26.","The student, Tawni Williams-Stroud, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2023-11-29 at 14:54.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2023-12-05 at 16:08.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #20064 on 2024-03-01 at 13:15:13","Young pigs (< 21 days of age) can be utilized as a model within many agricultural and biomedical research applications. Behavior observations can provide insight into the biological and affective state of animals in response to stimuli without invasive techniques, but barriers to collecting behavior often exclude it from research approaches. Housed piglets in individual research pens overcomes many of the barriers to video data collection and the confounding effects of group housing. Advances in automated behavior analysis through computer vision or other digital tools have the potential to improve research with the inclusion of valuable behavior metrics. A behavior ethogram for individually housed 6-day-old pigs was developed and included 23 different behaviors and postures. For the application of the ethogram, an evaluation of interval-based sampling strategies was performed to determine the impact of increasing and decreasing sampling frequency on the representation of the complete behavior. The results revealed that increasing sampling frequency did not always equate to better representation, and bias was observed. The behavior ethogram and a representative sampling strategy were applied to develop a time budget for individually housed 6-day-old pigs. This time budget for 6-day-old pigs revealed that a significant portion (85.45%) of the day is occupied with rest, and it revealed the importance of social resting, as the behavior “lying socially” represented 38.48% of all behavior observations. The manual behavior ethogram and representative sampling strategy were also applied to assess the impact of oral gamma-cyclodextrin-encapsulated tributyrin (TBCD) supplementation on behavior outcomes for 6-day-old pigs. The observance of 23 total postures and behaviors was compared for two metrics, total number of occurrences and average bout length, across three treatment groups: Control (n = 8), Pre-DSS (dextran sodium sulfate, n = 6), and TBCD + Pre-DSS (n = 7) for 6-day old pigs over a 24-h period. The results revealed no differences between the three groups for any of the observations included within the ethogram. Automated behavior analysis methods would allow behavior to be included in applications where it may not previously have been possible, as it would overcome the barrier of added labor and limited visibility."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Toward automated digital technologies for piglet behavior analysis"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Green-Miller, Angela","Dilger, Ryan N.","Condotta, Isabella"],"dc:creator":["Williams-Stroud, Tawni N."],"dc:date":["2023-12","2023-12-05"],"dc:description":["Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2024-03-01 without embargo terms","The student, Tawni Williams-Stroud, accepted the attached license on 2023-11-29 at 14:26.","The student, Tawni Williams-Stroud, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2023-11-29 at 14:54.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2023-12-05 at 16:08.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #20064 on 2024-03-01 at 13:15:13","Young pigs (< 21 days of age) can be utilized as a model within many agricultural and biomedical research applications. Behavior observations can provide insight into the biological and affective state of animals in response to stimuli without invasive techniques, but barriers to collecting behavior often exclude it from research approaches. Housed piglets in individual research pens overcomes many of the barriers to video data collection and the confounding effects of group housing. Advances in automated behavior analysis through computer vision or other digital tools have the potential to improve research with the inclusion of valuable behavior metrics. A behavior ethogram for individually housed 6-day-old pigs was developed and included 23 different behaviors and postures. For the application of the ethogram, an evaluation of interval-based sampling strategies was performed to determine the impact of increasing and decreasing sampling frequency on the representation of the complete behavior. The results revealed that increasing sampling frequency did not always equate to better representation, and bias was observed. The behavior ethogram and a representative sampling strategy were applied to develop a time budget for individually housed 6-day-old pigs. This time budget for 6-day-old pigs revealed that a significant portion (85.45%) of the day is occupied with rest, and it revealed the importance of social resting, as the behavior “lying socially” represented 38.48% of all behavior observations. The manual behavior ethogram and representative sampling strategy were also applied to assess the impact of oral gamma-cyclodextrin-encapsulated tributyrin (TBCD) supplementation on behavior outcomes for 6-day-old pigs. The observance of 23 total postures and behaviors was compared for two metrics, total number of occurrences and average bout length, across three treatment groups: Control (n = 8), Pre-DSS (dextran sodium sulfate, n = 6), and TBCD + Pre-DSS (n = 7) for 6-day old pigs over a 24-h period. The results revealed no differences between the three groups for any of the observations included within the ethogram. Automated behavior analysis methods would allow behavior to be included in applications where it may not previously have been possible, as it would overcome the barrier of added labor and limited visibility."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/122035"],"dc:language":["en","eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2023 Tawni Williams-Stroud"],"dc:subject":["Welfare","Ethogram","Resting"],"dc:title":["Toward automated digital technologies for piglet behavior analysis"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Animal Sciences"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:00Z"}