{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/121543"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/121543","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"ILLIXR-A: an open source extended reality system for android platforms","abstract":"Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2023-12-04 without embargo terms","abstract_html":"Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2023-12-04 without embargo terms","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Bhowmik, Madhuparna"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Computer Science","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Adve, Sarita"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2023,"date_issued":"2023-08","date_published":"2023-08","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:00Z","subjects":["Extended Reality","Android","Illixr"],"languages":["en","eng"],"rights":["Copyright 2023 Madhuparna Bhowmik"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/121543","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Adve, Sarita"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Bhowmik, Madhuparna"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2023-08","2023-07-18"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Computer Science"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Extended Reality","Android","Illixr"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en","eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2023 Madhuparna Bhowmik"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/121543"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2023-12-04 without embargo terms","The student, Madhuparna Bhowmik, accepted the attached license on 2023-07-17 at 23:44.","The student, Madhuparna Bhowmik, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2023-07-17 at 23:50.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2023-07-18 at 12:49.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #19725 on 2023-12-04 at 17:03:18","There has been significant progress in virtual, augmented, and mixed reality (VR, AR, and MR) devices, collectively referred to as extended reality (XR). However, until recently, this do- main was dominated by proprietary software, which slowed down research. This motivated the development of an open-source end-to-end XR system called ILLIXR (Illinois Extended Reality testbed). It was developed to democratize XR systems research, development, and benchmark- ing. ILLIXR has been used to provide quantitative characterizations of performance, power, and quality-of-experience metrics for current XR systems and to develop solutions to address the gap between current and desirable XR systems. However, ILLIXR currently only supports the Linux platform, which limits its use in common consumer-grade devices that do not support Linux. The operating system used in most consumer devices, such as smartphones, smart TVs, tablets, and head-mounted displays (HMD), is Android. Android’s open-source nature allowed it to be highly customizable and adaptable for different purposes, contributing to its widespread usage. Additionally, there is little detailed analysis of XR runtimes on the Android platform. Hence, we present ILLIXR-A, a modular, open-source, and end-to-end XR system for the An- droid platform. ILLIXR-A leverages Monado to provide support for OpenXR-compatible applications, which is an emerging open interface between an XR application and runtime. It will enable researchers to utilize the full potential of ILLIXR on a wide variety of Android devices. ILLIXR-A provides full head-tracking capabilities using Visual-Inertial Odometry (VIO) by utilizing the camera and built-in sensors in an Android device. It also includes an IMU Integrator and a pose predictor, which predicts the user’s pose at a faster rate than VIO to compensate for the high latency of VIO. ILLIXR-A also performs Asynchronous Reprojection (Timewarp). Using ILLIXR-A, we evaluated an end-to-end XR system on an Android smartphone, and we present its performance characterization in this thesis. The experimental results highlight the need for efficient algorithms for low-power devices to meet the tight deadlines for a smooth XR experience. We also show how the quality of experience is affected by the complexity of an algorithm and provide future directions for research."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["ILLIXR-A: an open source extended reality system for android platforms"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Adve, Sarita"],"dc:creator":["Bhowmik, Madhuparna"],"dc:date":["2023-08","2023-07-18"],"dc:description":["Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2023-12-04 without embargo terms","The student, Madhuparna Bhowmik, accepted the attached license on 2023-07-17 at 23:44.","The student, Madhuparna Bhowmik, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2023-07-17 at 23:50.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2023-07-18 at 12:49.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #19725 on 2023-12-04 at 17:03:18","There has been significant progress in virtual, augmented, and mixed reality (VR, AR, and MR) devices, collectively referred to as extended reality (XR). However, until recently, this do- main was dominated by proprietary software, which slowed down research. This motivated the development of an open-source end-to-end XR system called ILLIXR (Illinois Extended Reality testbed). It was developed to democratize XR systems research, development, and benchmark- ing. ILLIXR has been used to provide quantitative characterizations of performance, power, and quality-of-experience metrics for current XR systems and to develop solutions to address the gap between current and desirable XR systems. However, ILLIXR currently only supports the Linux platform, which limits its use in common consumer-grade devices that do not support Linux. The operating system used in most consumer devices, such as smartphones, smart TVs, tablets, and head-mounted displays (HMD), is Android. Android’s open-source nature allowed it to be highly customizable and adaptable for different purposes, contributing to its widespread usage. Additionally, there is little detailed analysis of XR runtimes on the Android platform. Hence, we present ILLIXR-A, a modular, open-source, and end-to-end XR system for the An- droid platform. ILLIXR-A leverages Monado to provide support for OpenXR-compatible applications, which is an emerging open interface between an XR application and runtime. It will enable researchers to utilize the full potential of ILLIXR on a wide variety of Android devices. ILLIXR-A provides full head-tracking capabilities using Visual-Inertial Odometry (VIO) by utilizing the camera and built-in sensors in an Android device. It also includes an IMU Integrator and a pose predictor, which predicts the user’s pose at a faster rate than VIO to compensate for the high latency of VIO. ILLIXR-A also performs Asynchronous Reprojection (Timewarp). Using ILLIXR-A, we evaluated an end-to-end XR system on an Android smartphone, and we present its performance characterization in this thesis. The experimental results highlight the need for efficient algorithms for low-power devices to meet the tight deadlines for a smooth XR experience. We also show how the quality of experience is affected by the complexity of an algorithm and provide future directions for research."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/121543"],"dc:language":["en","eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2023 Madhuparna Bhowmik"],"dc:subject":["Extended Reality","Android","Illixr"],"dc:title":["ILLIXR-A: an open source extended reality system for android platforms"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Computer Science"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:25:00Z"}