{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/121326"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/121326","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Why do people become toxic online? A systematic exploration of motivators of toxic online communication","abstract":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2025-08-01","abstract_html":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2025-08-01","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Lee, Seo Yoon"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Communications and Media","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Yao, Mike","Vargas, Patrick","Briley, D.A","Oh, Sang-Hwa","Su, Leona Yi-Fan"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2023,"date_issued":"2023-08","date_published":"2023-08","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:57Z","subjects":["Counter-normative Opinion Expression","Toxic Online Communication","Dark Personalities","Attitude","Financial Incentives","Social Identity"],"languages":["en","eng"],"rights":["Copyright 2023 Seo Yoon Lee"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/121326","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Yao, Mike","Vargas, Patrick","Briley, D.A","Oh, Sang-Hwa","Su, Leona Yi-Fan"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Lee, Seo Yoon"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2023-08","2023-07-05"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Communications and Media"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Counter-normative Opinion Expression","Toxic Online Communication","Dark Personalities","Attitude","Financial Incentives","Social Identity"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en","eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2023 Seo Yoon Lee"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/121326"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2025-08-01","The student, Seo Yoon Lee, accepted the attached license on 2023-06-29 at 15:01.","The student, Seo Yoon Lee, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2023-06-29 at 15:06.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2023-07-05 at 16:34.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #19485 on 2023-12-04 at 17:18:09","This dissertation examines the motivating factors behind a prevalent toxic behavior in online communities: counter-normative expression. Focusing on four motivators—attitude, financial incentive, social identity, and dark personality traits—and on how they induce people to express counter-normative opinions in cyberspaces, this project includes three empirical studies: Chapter 3 reveals that counter-normative expression can be motivated by attitude toward the topic of discussion and dark personality traits, Chapter 4 reveals a strong effect of financial incentive, and Chapter 5 reveals an interesting interaction between social identity and dark personality traits. The findings also show that counter-normative expression is a complex behavior influenced by several factors (e.g., personality traits), many of which have been underscored in communication research. Rather than investigating the simple associations between personality traits and communicative behaviors, I examined how the interplay between dark personality traits and other individual factors influence counter-normative behaviors. The findings show that, in certain contexts, counter-normative expression can be considered a toxic behavior and is not limited to individuals with dark personality traits. The findings of this study contribute a better understanding of the motivators behind counter-normative expression and emphasize the need for further investigation into the complex nature of online behavior."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Why do people become toxic online? A systematic exploration of motivators of toxic online communication"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Yao, Mike","Vargas, Patrick","Briley, D.A","Oh, Sang-Hwa","Su, Leona Yi-Fan"],"dc:creator":["Lee, Seo Yoon"],"dc:date":["2023-08","2023-07-05"],"dc:description":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2025-08-01","The student, Seo Yoon Lee, accepted the attached license on 2023-06-29 at 15:01.","The student, Seo Yoon Lee, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2023-06-29 at 15:06.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2023-07-05 at 16:34.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #19485 on 2023-12-04 at 17:18:09","This dissertation examines the motivating factors behind a prevalent toxic behavior in online communities: counter-normative expression. Focusing on four motivators—attitude, financial incentive, social identity, and dark personality traits—and on how they induce people to express counter-normative opinions in cyberspaces, this project includes three empirical studies: Chapter 3 reveals that counter-normative expression can be motivated by attitude toward the topic of discussion and dark personality traits, Chapter 4 reveals a strong effect of financial incentive, and Chapter 5 reveals an interesting interaction between social identity and dark personality traits. The findings also show that counter-normative expression is a complex behavior influenced by several factors (e.g., personality traits), many of which have been underscored in communication research. Rather than investigating the simple associations between personality traits and communicative behaviors, I examined how the interplay between dark personality traits and other individual factors influence counter-normative behaviors. The findings show that, in certain contexts, counter-normative expression can be considered a toxic behavior and is not limited to individuals with dark personality traits. The findings of this study contribute a better understanding of the motivators behind counter-normative expression and emphasize the need for further investigation into the complex nature of online behavior."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/121326"],"dc:language":["en","eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2023 Seo Yoon Lee"],"dc:subject":["Counter-normative Opinion Expression","Toxic Online Communication","Dark Personalities","Attitude","Financial Incentives","Social Identity"],"dc:title":["Why do people become toxic online? A systematic exploration of motivators of toxic online communication"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Communications and Media"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:57Z"}