{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/121308"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/121308","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Volumetric analysis of tongue size and tongue fat in brachycephalic and mesaticephalic dogs","abstract":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2025-08-01","abstract_html":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled &#x27;U of I Access&#x27;, the embargo will last until 2025-08-01","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Song, Ava H"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"VMS-Veterinary Clinical Medcne","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Phillips, Heidi","Reinhart, Jennifer M","Billhymer, Audrey"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2023,"date_issued":"2023-08","date_published":"2023-08","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:57Z","subjects":["Tongue Volume","Tongue Fat","Brachycephalic Dogs","Sleep Apnea","Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome"],"languages":["en","eng"],"rights":["Copyright 2023 Ava Song"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/121308","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Phillips, Heidi","Reinhart, Jennifer M","Billhymer, Audrey"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Song, Ava H"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2023-08","2023-07-19"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["VMS-Veterinary Clinical Medcne"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Tongue Volume","Tongue Fat","Brachycephalic Dogs","Sleep Apnea","Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en","eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2023 Ava Song"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/121308"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2025-08-01","The student, Ava Song, accepted the attached license on 2023-07-14 at 13:39.","The student, Ava Song, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2023-07-14 at 13:40.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2023-07-19 at 11:56.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #19428 on 2023-12-04 at 17:17:59","While macroglossia is a newly accepted component of brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) in dogs, macroglossia with increased tongue fat is a well-known cause for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in people, and targeted reduction procedures such as midline glossectomy are used to treat people with OSA. While midline glossectomy has been described in dogs, tissue contributions to macroglossia have not been characterized. The purpose of this retrospective, case-control, anatomic study was to describe and compare volumetric dimensions of the tongue and tongue fat in brachycephalic (BC) and mesaticephalic (MC) dogs using computed tomographic (CT) images. Data collected included head and neck CT images from 17 BC and 18 control MC dogs. Multiplanar reformatted and 3D reconstructed images were created using image segmentation and specialized visualization software to calculate volumetric dimensions of the total tongue, tongue fat, and tongue muscle. Topographical distribution of fat in the rostral and caudal regions was compared. Total tongue and tongue muscle volume (P<0.0001) and tongue fat volume (P=0.01) normalized to body weight (BW) were greater in BC dogs. More fat was localized in the caudal region of tongue in both groups (P<0.04). In regression analysis, BC conformation and increased weight were significant predictors of increased tongue fat volume. As in people, increased tongue fat may contribute to macroglossia and sleep-disordered breathing in BC dogs. Use of CT volumetry to identify tongue fat deposits may permit targeted surgical volume reduction of the tongue in BC dogs and contribute substantially to treatment of dogs with BOAS."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Volumetric analysis of tongue size and tongue fat in brachycephalic and mesaticephalic dogs"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Phillips, Heidi","Reinhart, Jennifer M","Billhymer, Audrey"],"dc:creator":["Song, Ava H"],"dc:date":["2023-08","2023-07-19"],"dc:description":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2025-08-01","The student, Ava Song, accepted the attached license on 2023-07-14 at 13:39.","The student, Ava Song, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2023-07-14 at 13:40.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2023-07-19 at 11:56.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #19428 on 2023-12-04 at 17:17:59","While macroglossia is a newly accepted component of brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) in dogs, macroglossia with increased tongue fat is a well-known cause for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in people, and targeted reduction procedures such as midline glossectomy are used to treat people with OSA. While midline glossectomy has been described in dogs, tissue contributions to macroglossia have not been characterized. The purpose of this retrospective, case-control, anatomic study was to describe and compare volumetric dimensions of the tongue and tongue fat in brachycephalic (BC) and mesaticephalic (MC) dogs using computed tomographic (CT) images. Data collected included head and neck CT images from 17 BC and 18 control MC dogs. Multiplanar reformatted and 3D reconstructed images were created using image segmentation and specialized visualization software to calculate volumetric dimensions of the total tongue, tongue fat, and tongue muscle. Topographical distribution of fat in the rostral and caudal regions was compared. Total tongue and tongue muscle volume (P<0.0001) and tongue fat volume (P=0.01) normalized to body weight (BW) were greater in BC dogs. More fat was localized in the caudal region of tongue in both groups (P<0.04). In regression analysis, BC conformation and increased weight were significant predictors of increased tongue fat volume. As in people, increased tongue fat may contribute to macroglossia and sleep-disordered breathing in BC dogs. Use of CT volumetry to identify tongue fat deposits may permit targeted surgical volume reduction of the tongue in BC dogs and contribute substantially to treatment of dogs with BOAS."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/121308"],"dc:language":["en","eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2023 Ava Song"],"dc:subject":["Tongue Volume","Tongue Fat","Brachycephalic Dogs","Sleep Apnea","Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome"],"dc:title":["Volumetric analysis of tongue size and tongue fat in brachycephalic and mesaticephalic dogs"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["VMS-Veterinary Clinical Medcne"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:57Z"}