{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/121252"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/121252","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"PROMOTING DESIRED WETTING BEHAVIOR IN GRAPHENE AND MICRO/NANOSTRUCTURED SYSTEMS","abstract":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2025-08-01","abstract_html":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2025-08-01","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Carpenter, James S"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Mechanical Engineering","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Miljkovic, Nenad","van der Zande, Arend","Braun, Paul","Murphy, Catherine"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2023,"date_issued":"2023-08","date_published":"2023-08","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:57Z","subjects":["Wettability","Superhydrophobic","Graphene"],"languages":["en","eng"],"rights":["Copyright 2023 James Carpenter"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/121252","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Miljkovic, Nenad","van der Zande, Arend","Braun, Paul","Murphy, Catherine"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Carpenter, James S"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2023-08","2023-07-13"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Mechanical Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Wettability","Superhydrophobic","Graphene"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en","eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2023 James Carpenter"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/121252"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2025-08-01","The student, James Carpenter, accepted the attached license on 2023-07-11 at 13:10.","The student, James Carpenter, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2023-07-11 at 13:18.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2023-07-13 at 17:51.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #19624 on 2023-12-04 at 17:33:52","Solid/liquid interactions are ubiquitous in nature and many different technological applications. In particular, surface energy and wettability are important to perfomance in biofouling, chemical and biological sensors, anti-icing/frosting, phase change heat transfer, and other areas. Non-wetting superhydrophobic surfaces are a potentially effective strategy to prevent the freezing of supercooled droplets upon impact, an undesirable outcome in HVAC, power transmission, and aircraft applications. While there have been studies examining the anti-icing performance of supercooled droplets impacting supercooled superhydrophobic surfaces, few (if any) have performed this examination for deeply supercooled water droplet temperatures down to -15 °C in icing conditions. This dissertation details experimental work on characterizing the anti-icing performance of a rationally-designed, supercooled (down to -35 °C) superhydrophobic surface being impacted by supercooled (down to -15 °C) water droplets. The results show different freezing conditions based on droplet temperature, surface temperature, and impact speed, results which can be used to rationally design anti-icing surfaces. Moreover, the surface energy of graphene and its chemical derivatives governs fundamental interfacial interactions like molecular assembly, wetting, and doping. However, quantifying the surface energy of supported 2D materials, such as graphene, is difficult because (1) they are so thin that electrostatic interactions emanating from the underlying substrate are not completely screened, (2) the contribution from the monolayer is sensitive to its exact chemical state, and (3) the adsorption of airborne contaminants, as well as contaminants introduced during transfer processing, screen the electrostatic interactions from the monolayer and underlying substrate, changing the determined surface energy. Here, we determine the polar and dispersive surface energy of bare, fluorinated, and hydrogenated graphene through contact angle measurements with water and diiodomethane. We accounted for environmental factors, including substrate surface energies and combating adsorption of airborne contaminants by using a pressurized inert gas vessel. Hydrogenating graphene raises the polar surface energy with little effect on its dispersive surface energy. Fluorinating graphene lowers the dispersive surface energy with a substrate-dependent effect on its polar surface energy. These results unravel how changing graphene structure modifies surface energy, with applications for hybrid nanomaterials, bioadhesion, biosensing, and remote epitaxy. Overall, this dissertation provides needed experimental design criteria for anti-icing performance during supercooled droplet impact on non-wetting superhydrophobic surfaces. Further, it provides needed measurements of the surface energy of two common chemically functionalized forms of graphene, while employing measures to ensure reproducible results."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["PROMOTING DESIRED WETTING BEHAVIOR IN GRAPHENE AND MICRO/NANOSTRUCTURED SYSTEMS"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Miljkovic, Nenad","van der Zande, Arend","Braun, Paul","Murphy, Catherine"],"dc:creator":["Carpenter, James S"],"dc:date":["2023-08","2023-07-13"],"dc:description":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2025-08-01","The student, James Carpenter, accepted the attached license on 2023-07-11 at 13:10.","The student, James Carpenter, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2023-07-11 at 13:18.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2023-07-13 at 17:51.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #19624 on 2023-12-04 at 17:33:52","Solid/liquid interactions are ubiquitous in nature and many different technological applications. In particular, surface energy and wettability are important to perfomance in biofouling, chemical and biological sensors, anti-icing/frosting, phase change heat transfer, and other areas. Non-wetting superhydrophobic surfaces are a potentially effective strategy to prevent the freezing of supercooled droplets upon impact, an undesirable outcome in HVAC, power transmission, and aircraft applications. While there have been studies examining the anti-icing performance of supercooled droplets impacting supercooled superhydrophobic surfaces, few (if any) have performed this examination for deeply supercooled water droplet temperatures down to -15 °C in icing conditions. This dissertation details experimental work on characterizing the anti-icing performance of a rationally-designed, supercooled (down to -35 °C) superhydrophobic surface being impacted by supercooled (down to -15 °C) water droplets. The results show different freezing conditions based on droplet temperature, surface temperature, and impact speed, results which can be used to rationally design anti-icing surfaces. Moreover, the surface energy of graphene and its chemical derivatives governs fundamental interfacial interactions like molecular assembly, wetting, and doping. However, quantifying the surface energy of supported 2D materials, such as graphene, is difficult because (1) they are so thin that electrostatic interactions emanating from the underlying substrate are not completely screened, (2) the contribution from the monolayer is sensitive to its exact chemical state, and (3) the adsorption of airborne contaminants, as well as contaminants introduced during transfer processing, screen the electrostatic interactions from the monolayer and underlying substrate, changing the determined surface energy. Here, we determine the polar and dispersive surface energy of bare, fluorinated, and hydrogenated graphene through contact angle measurements with water and diiodomethane. We accounted for environmental factors, including substrate surface energies and combating adsorption of airborne contaminants by using a pressurized inert gas vessel. Hydrogenating graphene raises the polar surface energy with little effect on its dispersive surface energy. Fluorinating graphene lowers the dispersive surface energy with a substrate-dependent effect on its polar surface energy. These results unravel how changing graphene structure modifies surface energy, with applications for hybrid nanomaterials, bioadhesion, biosensing, and remote epitaxy. Overall, this dissertation provides needed experimental design criteria for anti-icing performance during supercooled droplet impact on non-wetting superhydrophobic surfaces. Further, it provides needed measurements of the surface energy of two common chemically functionalized forms of graphene, while employing measures to ensure reproducible results."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/121252"],"dc:language":["en","eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2023 James Carpenter"],"dc:subject":["Wettability","Superhydrophobic","Graphene"],"dc:title":["PROMOTING DESIRED WETTING BEHAVIOR IN GRAPHENE AND MICRO/NANOSTRUCTURED SYSTEMS"],"dc:type":["text"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Mechanical Engineering"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:57Z"}