{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/120206"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/120206","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Effect of vibration on rheological properties of concrete and its application in concrete 3D printing","abstract":"Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2023-09-01 without embargo terms","abstract_html":"Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2023-09-01 without embargo terms","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Pattaje Sooryanarayana, Karthik"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Civil Engineering","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Lange, David A","Popovics, John S","Roesler, Jeffery R","Garg, Nishant","Henschen, Jacob D"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2023,"date_issued":"2023-05","date_published":"2023-05","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:57Z","subjects":["3d Printing","Aggregates","Rheology","Yield Stress","Icar","Vibration"],"languages":["en","eng"],"rights":["Copyright 2023 Karthik Pattaje Sooryanarayana"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/120206","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Lange, David A","Popovics, John S","Roesler, Jeffery R","Garg, Nishant","Henschen, Jacob D"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Pattaje Sooryanarayana, Karthik"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2023-05","2023-02-27"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text","Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Civil Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["3d Printing","Aggregates","Rheology","Yield Stress","Icar","Vibration"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en","eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2023 Karthik Pattaje Sooryanarayana"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/120206"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2023-09-01 without embargo terms","The student, Karthik Pattaje Sooryanarayana, accepted the attached license on 2023-02-26 at 17:27.","The student, Karthik Pattaje Sooryanarayana, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2023-02-26 at 17:38.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2023-02-27 at 13:20.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #18857 on 2023-09-01 at 17:07:25","In the last decade, 3D printing concrete has seen increasing popularity. It has the potential to increase construction efficiency and safety, as well as reduce costs. Typically, concrete that is 3D printed must achieve two targets: flow through the printer to exit the nozzle and hold its shape once printed. These two targets require the concrete to have contrasting rheological properties. This opposing requirement is typically addressed by extruding stiff cementitious material or by dosing the fluid cementitious material with chemical admixtures as it exits the nozzle to cause rapid hardening. The high extrusion pressure and/or thorough mixing at the nozzle limits the use of aggregates in printable concrete mixtures. To address the hurdles of printing aggregates, especially coarse aggregates, this study proposes and investigates the use of vibration to facilitate the rheological properties required for 3D printing. Increasing aggregate content has the potential to reduce material costs and decrease shrinkage compared to cementitious mixtures that are 3D printed currently. Vibration causes an immediate and reversible change in the rheological properties of granular suspensions such as concrete. This dissertation examines the role aggregates (granular material) play in the rheology of concrete, both without and during vibration. It was found that having more than 30 % aggregates (by volume) substantially increased the yield stress and viscosity of the mixtures compared to mixtures with less than 30 % aggregate volume. Vibrating concrete caused a reduction in yield stress by up to 76 %. The sensitivity of the rheological properties to changing the constituents of the mixture design was statistically modeled to help with mixture design for 3D printing using a central composite experimental design. The volume of paste and the water-to-cement ratio of a mixture were found to have a significant effect on the fresh and rheological properties of the mixtures. Additionally, the effect of changing vibration energy on concrete rheology was explored. It was found that the reduction in yield stress during vibration correlated well with the input vibration energy. The propagation and attenuation of different vibration amplitudes and frequencies in fresh concrete were investigated at different distances from the vibration source. The findings showed that the mixture design did not influence the attenuation of vibration. Mixtures containing coarse aggregates were successfully 3D printed using a prototype vibrating nozzle. Mixtures that were successfully 3D printed were found to have a slump between 1 – 1.5 in. and a drop table spread of 3 – 3.5 in. Rheological limits for successful 3D printing were then established by using regression analysis. Finally, a framework for 3D printing using a vibrating nozzle is proposed. Based on the performance of a trial mixture and potential issues faced while 3D printing, various possible changes that could be made to the mixture is outlined."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Effect of vibration on rheological properties of concrete and its application in concrete 3D printing"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Lange, David A","Popovics, John S","Roesler, Jeffery R","Garg, Nishant","Henschen, Jacob D"],"dc:creator":["Pattaje Sooryanarayana, Karthik"],"dc:date":["2023-05","2023-02-27"],"dc:description":["Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2023-09-01 without embargo terms","The student, Karthik Pattaje Sooryanarayana, accepted the attached license on 2023-02-26 at 17:27.","The student, Karthik Pattaje Sooryanarayana, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2023-02-26 at 17:38.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2023-02-27 at 13:20.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #18857 on 2023-09-01 at 17:07:25","In the last decade, 3D printing concrete has seen increasing popularity. It has the potential to increase construction efficiency and safety, as well as reduce costs. Typically, concrete that is 3D printed must achieve two targets: flow through the printer to exit the nozzle and hold its shape once printed. These two targets require the concrete to have contrasting rheological properties. This opposing requirement is typically addressed by extruding stiff cementitious material or by dosing the fluid cementitious material with chemical admixtures as it exits the nozzle to cause rapid hardening. The high extrusion pressure and/or thorough mixing at the nozzle limits the use of aggregates in printable concrete mixtures. To address the hurdles of printing aggregates, especially coarse aggregates, this study proposes and investigates the use of vibration to facilitate the rheological properties required for 3D printing. Increasing aggregate content has the potential to reduce material costs and decrease shrinkage compared to cementitious mixtures that are 3D printed currently. Vibration causes an immediate and reversible change in the rheological properties of granular suspensions such as concrete. This dissertation examines the role aggregates (granular material) play in the rheology of concrete, both without and during vibration. It was found that having more than 30 % aggregates (by volume) substantially increased the yield stress and viscosity of the mixtures compared to mixtures with less than 30 % aggregate volume. Vibrating concrete caused a reduction in yield stress by up to 76 %. The sensitivity of the rheological properties to changing the constituents of the mixture design was statistically modeled to help with mixture design for 3D printing using a central composite experimental design. The volume of paste and the water-to-cement ratio of a mixture were found to have a significant effect on the fresh and rheological properties of the mixtures. Additionally, the effect of changing vibration energy on concrete rheology was explored. It was found that the reduction in yield stress during vibration correlated well with the input vibration energy. The propagation and attenuation of different vibration amplitudes and frequencies in fresh concrete were investigated at different distances from the vibration source. The findings showed that the mixture design did not influence the attenuation of vibration. Mixtures containing coarse aggregates were successfully 3D printed using a prototype vibrating nozzle. Mixtures that were successfully 3D printed were found to have a slump between 1 – 1.5 in. and a drop table spread of 3 – 3.5 in. Rheological limits for successful 3D printing were then established by using regression analysis. Finally, a framework for 3D printing using a vibrating nozzle is proposed. Based on the performance of a trial mixture and potential issues faced while 3D printing, various possible changes that could be made to the mixture is outlined."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/120206"],"dc:language":["en","eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2023 Karthik Pattaje Sooryanarayana"],"dc:subject":["3d Printing","Aggregates","Rheology","Yield Stress","Icar","Vibration"],"dc:title":["Effect of vibration on rheological properties of concrete and its application in concrete 3D printing"],"dc:type":["text","Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Civil Engineering"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:57Z"}