{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/117733"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/117733","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Rapid scanning longwave infrared absorption spectroscopy of chemical nerve agent simulant destruction in fireballs","abstract":"Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2023-04-12 without embargo terms","abstract_html":"Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2023-04-12 without embargo terms","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Butler, Austin Josiah"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Mechanical Engineering","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Glumac, Nick G","Krier, Herman","Lee, Tonghun","Elliott, Gregory"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2022,"date_issued":"2022-12","date_published":"2022-12","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:56Z","subjects":["Spectroscopy","Fireballs","Longwave Infrared"],"languages":["en","eng"],"rights":["Copyright 2022 Austin Josiah Butler"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/117733","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Glumac, Nick G","Krier, Herman","Lee, Tonghun","Elliott, Gregory"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Butler, Austin Josiah"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2022-12","2022-10-21"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text","Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Mechanical Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Spectroscopy","Fireballs","Longwave Infrared"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en","eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2022 Austin Josiah Butler"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/117733"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2023-04-12 without embargo terms","The student, Austin Butler, accepted the attached license on 2022-10-18 at 12:25.","The student, Austin Butler, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2022-10-18 at 13:39.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2022-10-21 at 16:45.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #18525 on 2023-04-12 at 07:23:55","Chemical warfare using highly toxic organophosphorus nerve agents poses an extreme threat to national security, in part because chemical weapons of mass destruction are more readily attainable than nuclear weaponry. Study of the destruction of such compounds is necessary to developing effective countermeasures, and destruction by exposure to combusting fireballs is a chief area of interest. Absorption spectroscopy targeted at the longwave infrared “fingerprint” region is a common technique used in the measurement of nerve agent and simulant materials due to the wealth of information that can be obtained from measurements taken over a wide spectral range. Difficulties arise in the area of fireball destruction as these events tend to destroy the substances on the order of 10-3 to 10-2 seconds, too quickly for traditional longwave Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy systems, limited to a few hundred hertz, to monitor. In this research, a new diagnostic system was designed, constructed, and validated which allowed for kilohertz speed measurement of the longwave infrared region. The system, a dispersive scanning spectrometer using a rapidly rotating grating, was inspired by the work of Pimentel and other researchers from the 1960s. In addition to a 1.2 kHz average repetition rate, the scanning spectrometer is capable of scanning the infrared region of 850cm-1 to 1350cm-1 with a spectral resolution better than 10cm-1. This developed system was used to collect a robust set of benchmark data for the validation of computational models of the destruction of the nerve agent simulant Diisopropyl Methylphosphonate (DIMP) inside fireballs. An experimental apparatus and test procedures were developed to facilitate the measurement of DIMP destruction in constant volume fuel and oxidizer “closed bombs.” Data were obtained for four distinct closed bomb conditions, and supplemental data were obtained from a series of six tests using small scale explosive charge detonations. Collected data has been analyzed to ensure its quality as a robust set of benchmark data. Experimental repeatability and measurement variability across multiple repeat tests is discussed, and time resolved absorption spectra are investigated for indicators of potential decomposition products."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Rapid scanning longwave infrared absorption spectroscopy of chemical nerve agent simulant destruction in fireballs"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Glumac, Nick G","Krier, Herman","Lee, Tonghun","Elliott, Gregory"],"dc:creator":["Butler, Austin Josiah"],"dc:date":["2022-12","2022-10-21"],"dc:description":["Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2023-04-12 without embargo terms","The student, Austin Butler, accepted the attached license on 2022-10-18 at 12:25.","The student, Austin Butler, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2022-10-18 at 13:39.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2022-10-21 at 16:45.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #18525 on 2023-04-12 at 07:23:55","Chemical warfare using highly toxic organophosphorus nerve agents poses an extreme threat to national security, in part because chemical weapons of mass destruction are more readily attainable than nuclear weaponry. Study of the destruction of such compounds is necessary to developing effective countermeasures, and destruction by exposure to combusting fireballs is a chief area of interest. Absorption spectroscopy targeted at the longwave infrared “fingerprint” region is a common technique used in the measurement of nerve agent and simulant materials due to the wealth of information that can be obtained from measurements taken over a wide spectral range. Difficulties arise in the area of fireball destruction as these events tend to destroy the substances on the order of 10-3 to 10-2 seconds, too quickly for traditional longwave Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy systems, limited to a few hundred hertz, to monitor. In this research, a new diagnostic system was designed, constructed, and validated which allowed for kilohertz speed measurement of the longwave infrared region. The system, a dispersive scanning spectrometer using a rapidly rotating grating, was inspired by the work of Pimentel and other researchers from the 1960s. In addition to a 1.2 kHz average repetition rate, the scanning spectrometer is capable of scanning the infrared region of 850cm-1 to 1350cm-1 with a spectral resolution better than 10cm-1. This developed system was used to collect a robust set of benchmark data for the validation of computational models of the destruction of the nerve agent simulant Diisopropyl Methylphosphonate (DIMP) inside fireballs. An experimental apparatus and test procedures were developed to facilitate the measurement of DIMP destruction in constant volume fuel and oxidizer “closed bombs.” Data were obtained for four distinct closed bomb conditions, and supplemental data were obtained from a series of six tests using small scale explosive charge detonations. Collected data has been analyzed to ensure its quality as a robust set of benchmark data. Experimental repeatability and measurement variability across multiple repeat tests is discussed, and time resolved absorption spectra are investigated for indicators of potential decomposition products."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/117733"],"dc:language":["en","eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2022 Austin Josiah Butler"],"dc:subject":["Spectroscopy","Fireballs","Longwave Infrared"],"dc:title":["Rapid scanning longwave infrared absorption spectroscopy of chemical nerve agent simulant destruction in fireballs"],"dc:type":["text","Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Mechanical Engineering"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:56Z"}