{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/117711"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/117711","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Mechanical loading-induced and residual stress measurements in transparent spinel ceramics using Digital Gradient Sensing","abstract":"Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2023-04-12 without embargo terms","abstract_html":"Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2023-04-12 without embargo terms","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Cubas Pastor, Franco"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Aerospace Engineering","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Lambros, John"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2022,"date_issued":"2022-12","date_published":"2022-12","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:56Z","subjects":["Dgs","Ceramics","Spinel","Robax","Grains","Residual Stresses","Optical Method","Soda Lime Glass","Brittle Materials","Transparent Materials"],"languages":["en","eng"],"rights":["Copyright 2022 Franco Cubas Pastor"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/117711","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Lambros, John"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Cubas Pastor, Franco"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2022-12","2022-09-09"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text","Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Aerospace Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Dgs","Ceramics","Spinel","Robax","Grains","Residual Stresses","Optical Method","Soda Lime Glass","Brittle Materials","Transparent Materials"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en","eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2022 Franco Cubas Pastor"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/117711"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2023-04-12 without embargo terms","The student, Franco Cubas Pastor, accepted the attached license on 2022-08-19 at 11:42.","The student, Franco Cubas Pastor, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2022-08-19 at 12:28.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2022-09-09 at 15:08.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #18465 on 2023-04-12 at 07:23:09","The use of transparent ceramics for multiple engineering applications is of interest because of the unqiue properties that ceramics possess such as considerably high hardness, wear, corrosion, and thermal resistance. In particular, applications such as windows and domes require transparency and thus require ceramics are able to support high loads, including impact or blast loads, and still remain intact and transparent. It is important to study the behavior of such materials in multiple configurations, so engineering design with transparent materials can be improved. Since ceramics are quite stiff and brittle compared to transparent polymers and glasses, it is often difficult to directly measure stress or strain quantities in ceramics as the-signal-to-noise can be low in many measurement techniques. A promising new optical technique is that of Digital Gradient Sensing (DGS) developed by Tippur and coworkers [1] to measure stress gradients on transparent materials. It is a non-contact optical technique able to resolve stresses in the material of interest. However, DGS so far has only been applied to considerably less stiff transparent materials such as soda lime glass (SLG) and various plastics. In addition, spinel is a granular material with relatively large grains (up to hundreds of microns) which will be noticeable in the field of view used throughout this research, whereas SLG and many polymers are amorphous. In this work we conduct extensive experimentation on Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), SLG, and ROBAX (a granular transparent ceramic) to apply DGS to these materials and then extend the study to spinel which possesses a greater challenge for DGS due to its high stiffness. In addition to applying DGS to situations involving mechanical loading, namely a point load on a thin transparent plate, we are also interested in developing a DGS-based method to measure residual stresses. It was shown here that DGS is capable of detecting residual stresses in a transparent object without the need of an undeformed state picture of the stressed object. By using as an undeformed image one with no sample (i.e., just air) and the appropriately removing the refractive index effect of the material, we can quantify any residual stresses as the remainder in the DGS measurements. Thus, DGS also shows great promise as a means of measuring residual stresses in transparent media."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Mechanical loading-induced and residual stress measurements in transparent spinel ceramics using Digital Gradient Sensing"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Lambros, John"],"dc:creator":["Cubas Pastor, Franco"],"dc:date":["2022-12","2022-09-09"],"dc:description":["Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2023-04-12 without embargo terms","The student, Franco Cubas Pastor, accepted the attached license on 2022-08-19 at 11:42.","The student, Franco Cubas Pastor, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2022-08-19 at 12:28.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2022-09-09 at 15:08.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #18465 on 2023-04-12 at 07:23:09","The use of transparent ceramics for multiple engineering applications is of interest because of the unqiue properties that ceramics possess such as considerably high hardness, wear, corrosion, and thermal resistance. In particular, applications such as windows and domes require transparency and thus require ceramics are able to support high loads, including impact or blast loads, and still remain intact and transparent. It is important to study the behavior of such materials in multiple configurations, so engineering design with transparent materials can be improved. Since ceramics are quite stiff and brittle compared to transparent polymers and glasses, it is often difficult to directly measure stress or strain quantities in ceramics as the-signal-to-noise can be low in many measurement techniques. A promising new optical technique is that of Digital Gradient Sensing (DGS) developed by Tippur and coworkers [1] to measure stress gradients on transparent materials. It is a non-contact optical technique able to resolve stresses in the material of interest. However, DGS so far has only been applied to considerably less stiff transparent materials such as soda lime glass (SLG) and various plastics. In addition, spinel is a granular material with relatively large grains (up to hundreds of microns) which will be noticeable in the field of view used throughout this research, whereas SLG and many polymers are amorphous. In this work we conduct extensive experimentation on Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), SLG, and ROBAX (a granular transparent ceramic) to apply DGS to these materials and then extend the study to spinel which possesses a greater challenge for DGS due to its high stiffness. In addition to applying DGS to situations involving mechanical loading, namely a point load on a thin transparent plate, we are also interested in developing a DGS-based method to measure residual stresses. It was shown here that DGS is capable of detecting residual stresses in a transparent object without the need of an undeformed state picture of the stressed object. By using as an undeformed image one with no sample (i.e., just air) and the appropriately removing the refractive index effect of the material, we can quantify any residual stresses as the remainder in the DGS measurements. Thus, DGS also shows great promise as a means of measuring residual stresses in transparent media."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/117711"],"dc:language":["en","eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2022 Franco Cubas Pastor"],"dc:subject":["Dgs","Ceramics","Spinel","Robax","Grains","Residual Stresses","Optical Method","Soda Lime Glass","Brittle Materials","Transparent Materials"],"dc:title":["Mechanical loading-induced and residual stress measurements in transparent spinel ceramics using Digital Gradient Sensing"],"dc:type":["text","Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Aerospace Engineering"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:56Z"}