{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/117577"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/117577","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Voices of Black power: The impact of vocational education on the lives of African Americans in Seattle in the 1960s – 1970s","abstract":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2024-12-01","abstract_html":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2024-12-01","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Phillips, Pamela Denise"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ed.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Educ Policy, Orgzn & Leadrshp","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Lee, Sharon","Pak, Yoon","Hale, Jonathan","Flores, Osly"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2022,"date_issued":"2022-12","date_published":"2022-12","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:56Z","subjects":["Black Power","Vocational Education: Unions","Protests","Riots","African American","Activism","Core","Japanese Americans","Discrimination","Segregation","Seattle"],"languages":["en","eng"],"rights":["Copyright 2022 Pamela Phillips"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/117577","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Lee, Sharon","Pak, Yoon","Hale, Jonathan","Flores, Osly"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Phillips, Pamela Denise"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2022-12","2022-11-29"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text","Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Educ Policy, Orgzn & Leadrshp"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ed.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Black Power","Vocational Education: Unions","Protests","Riots","African American","Activism","Core","Japanese Americans","Discrimination","Segregation","Seattle"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en","eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2022 Pamela Phillips"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/117577"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2024-12-01","The student, Pamela Phillips, accepted the attached license on 2022-11-29 at 12:04.","The student, Pamela Phillips, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2022-11-29 at 12:16.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2022-11-29 at 15:17.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #18669 on 2023-04-12 at 11:35:26","This study explores the history of African American perspectives toward vocational education from the nineteenth century to the 1960s. It examines, through oral history narratives, the experiences of the staff, students, faculty of SOIC, and community members the experience of living in Seattle’s segregated communities. In Seattle, there was pervasive employment discrimination and de facto segregation, which led to segregated schools with overcrowded classrooms. This study is also significant because Seattle was different from the cities in the rest of the nation. The African American population was small. Through multi-ethnic and interdenominational community coalitions, the residents of Seattle challenged these discriminatory practices and created Seattle Opportunity Industrialization Center (SOIC). SOIC provided general educational diplomas (GED) and pre-vocational and job readiness training. The program also offered vocational training and job placement services. When the SOIC graduates and other community members faced more employment and union discrimination, the community coalitions took action through boycotts and protests. They also used the federal courts to break down the barriers that had held African Americans down for too long. This study is significant Because the African American community in Seattle was small, and little was written about the struggles they faced. This study reveals the documents and oral history of the residents who transformed the social and economic landscape of Seattle through protests, boycotts, education, and legal action."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Voices of Black power: The impact of vocational education on the lives of African Americans in Seattle in the 1960s – 1970s"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Lee, Sharon","Pak, Yoon","Hale, Jonathan","Flores, Osly"],"dc:creator":["Phillips, Pamela Denise"],"dc:date":["2022-12","2022-11-29"],"dc:description":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2024-12-01","The student, Pamela Phillips, accepted the attached license on 2022-11-29 at 12:04.","The student, Pamela Phillips, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2022-11-29 at 12:16.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2022-11-29 at 15:17.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #18669 on 2023-04-12 at 11:35:26","This study explores the history of African American perspectives toward vocational education from the nineteenth century to the 1960s. It examines, through oral history narratives, the experiences of the staff, students, faculty of SOIC, and community members the experience of living in Seattle’s segregated communities. In Seattle, there was pervasive employment discrimination and de facto segregation, which led to segregated schools with overcrowded classrooms. This study is also significant because Seattle was different from the cities in the rest of the nation. The African American population was small. Through multi-ethnic and interdenominational community coalitions, the residents of Seattle challenged these discriminatory practices and created Seattle Opportunity Industrialization Center (SOIC). SOIC provided general educational diplomas (GED) and pre-vocational and job readiness training. The program also offered vocational training and job placement services. When the SOIC graduates and other community members faced more employment and union discrimination, the community coalitions took action through boycotts and protests. They also used the federal courts to break down the barriers that had held African Americans down for too long. This study is significant Because the African American community in Seattle was small, and little was written about the struggles they faced. This study reveals the documents and oral history of the residents who transformed the social and economic landscape of Seattle through protests, boycotts, education, and legal action."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/117577"],"dc:language":["en","eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2022 Pamela Phillips"],"dc:subject":["Black Power","Vocational Education: Unions","Protests","Riots","African American","Activism","Core","Japanese Americans","Discrimination","Segregation","Seattle"],"dc:title":["Voices of Black power: The impact of vocational education on the lives of African Americans in Seattle in the 1960s – 1970s"],"dc:type":["text","Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Educ Policy, Orgzn & Leadrshp"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ed.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:56Z"}