{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/115919"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/115919","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Prioritizing opportunities to advance sustainability of non-sewered sanitation systems through financing mechanisms and quantitative sustainable design","abstract":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2024-08-01","abstract_html":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2024-08-01","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Watabe, Shion"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Environ Engr in Civil Engr","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Guest, Jeremy S"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2022,"date_issued":"2022-08","date_published":"2022-08","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:55Z","subjects":["Non-sewered sanitation system (NSSS)","multi-unit reinvented toilet (MURT)","techno-economic analysis (TEA)","life cycle assessment (LCA)","decentralized sanitation","on-site sanitation"],"languages":["en","eng"],"rights":["Copyright 2022 Shion Watabe"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/115919","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Guest, Jeremy S"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Watabe, Shion"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2022-08","2022-07-18"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text","Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Environ Engr in Civil Engr"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Non-sewered sanitation system (NSSS)","multi-unit reinvented toilet (MURT)","techno-economic analysis (TEA)","life cycle assessment (LCA)","decentralized sanitation","on-site sanitation"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en","eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2022 Shion Watabe"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/115919"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2024-08-01","The student, Shion Watabe, accepted the attached license on 2022-07-14 at 08:05.","The student, Shion Watabe, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2022-07-14 at 08:07.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2022-07-18 at 16:50.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #18244 on 2022-11-16 at 10:55:52","Safe sanitation is crucial to prevent the spread of diarrheal diseases and to reduce gender-related health disparities. Although it has been recognized as a universal right, the world is not on track to achieve universal coverage of safe sanitation. Lack of sanitation coverage in rural, geographically challenged, and rapidly increasing population density areas is particularly challenging due to cost and feasibility barriers to sewered connections. Non-sewered sanitation (NSS) systems are a potential solution to provide safely managed sanitation services according to strict wastewater treatment standards. The NEWgenerator, a NSS technology which uses an anaerobic membrane bioreactor, ion exchange, and electrochlorination, was simulated in QSDsan to determine the economic and environmental feasibility in different deployment contexts and to prioritize targeted improvements to advance the system sustainability. The configuration of the NEWgenerator using direct photovoltaic electricity had 1.2 cents higher cost at 0.113 [0.105 – 0.124] USD·cap-1·day-1 but 8.7 kg CO2-eq·cap-1·year-1 lower GHG emissions at 67.7 [38.5 – 113.6] kg CO2eq·cap-1·year-1 compared to the configuration using electricity from the grid. The use of location-specific parameters in a country-specific analysis for five countries (China, India, Senegal, South Africa, and Uganda) resulted in variation in photovoltaic user cost and GHG emissions from 0.055 USD·cap-1·day-1 and 65.3 kg CO2eq·cap-1·year-1 in Uganda to 0.091 USD·cap-1·day-1 and 76.6 kg CO2eq·cap-1·year-1 in China. This research provides evidence of the NEWgenerator as a low-cost, low-emission, NSS backend technology with potential for resource recovery to increase access to safe sanitation globally. The financing of NSS technologies, such as the NEWgenerator, has not been readily explored due to its more recent development. Therefore, understanding of financing mechanisms such as subsidies, results-based, microfinance, blended finance, and market-based models and their characteristics to quantify their impact on life cycle costs is vital to efficiently allocate resources."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Prioritizing opportunities to advance sustainability of non-sewered sanitation systems through financing mechanisms and quantitative sustainable design"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Guest, Jeremy S"],"dc:creator":["Watabe, Shion"],"dc:date":["2022-08","2022-07-18"],"dc:description":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2024-08-01","The student, Shion Watabe, accepted the attached license on 2022-07-14 at 08:05.","The student, Shion Watabe, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2022-07-14 at 08:07.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2022-07-18 at 16:50.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #18244 on 2022-11-16 at 10:55:52","Safe sanitation is crucial to prevent the spread of diarrheal diseases and to reduce gender-related health disparities. Although it has been recognized as a universal right, the world is not on track to achieve universal coverage of safe sanitation. Lack of sanitation coverage in rural, geographically challenged, and rapidly increasing population density areas is particularly challenging due to cost and feasibility barriers to sewered connections. Non-sewered sanitation (NSS) systems are a potential solution to provide safely managed sanitation services according to strict wastewater treatment standards. The NEWgenerator, a NSS technology which uses an anaerobic membrane bioreactor, ion exchange, and electrochlorination, was simulated in QSDsan to determine the economic and environmental feasibility in different deployment contexts and to prioritize targeted improvements to advance the system sustainability. The configuration of the NEWgenerator using direct photovoltaic electricity had 1.2 cents higher cost at 0.113 [0.105 – 0.124] USD·cap-1·day-1 but 8.7 kg CO2-eq·cap-1·year-1 lower GHG emissions at 67.7 [38.5 – 113.6] kg CO2eq·cap-1·year-1 compared to the configuration using electricity from the grid. The use of location-specific parameters in a country-specific analysis for five countries (China, India, Senegal, South Africa, and Uganda) resulted in variation in photovoltaic user cost and GHG emissions from 0.055 USD·cap-1·day-1 and 65.3 kg CO2eq·cap-1·year-1 in Uganda to 0.091 USD·cap-1·day-1 and 76.6 kg CO2eq·cap-1·year-1 in China. This research provides evidence of the NEWgenerator as a low-cost, low-emission, NSS backend technology with potential for resource recovery to increase access to safe sanitation globally. The financing of NSS technologies, such as the NEWgenerator, has not been readily explored due to its more recent development. Therefore, understanding of financing mechanisms such as subsidies, results-based, microfinance, blended finance, and market-based models and their characteristics to quantify their impact on life cycle costs is vital to efficiently allocate resources."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/115919"],"dc:language":["en","eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2022 Shion Watabe"],"dc:subject":["Non-sewered sanitation system (NSSS)","multi-unit reinvented toilet (MURT)","techno-economic analysis (TEA)","life cycle assessment (LCA)","decentralized sanitation","on-site sanitation"],"dc:title":["Prioritizing opportunities to advance sustainability of non-sewered sanitation systems through financing mechanisms and quantitative sustainable design"],"dc:type":["text","Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Environ Engr in Civil Engr"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:55Z"}