{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/115586"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/115586","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Kinetic fractionation of antimony isotopes during reduction by sulfide","abstract":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2024-05-01","abstract_html":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2024-05-01","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Veldhuizen, Hannah Juliette"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Geology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Johnson, Thomas M"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2022,"date_issued":"2022-05","date_published":"2022-05","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:54Z","subjects":["Antimony","Isotope"],"languages":["en","eng"],"rights":["Copyright 2022 Hannah Veldhuizen"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/115586","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Johnson, Thomas M"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Veldhuizen, Hannah Juliette"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2022-05","2022-04-26"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text","Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Geology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Antimony","Isotope"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en","eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2022 Hannah Veldhuizen"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/115586"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2024-05-01","The student, Hannah Veldhuizen, accepted the attached license on 2022-04-20 at 10:43.","The student, Hannah Veldhuizen, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2022-04-20 at 10:45.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2022-04-26 at 11:20.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #17822 on 2022-11-11 at 12:06:13","Antimony (Sb) is a toxic metalloid that enters the environment through both natural processes and anthropogenic input. Despite Sb’s increasing use, a limited number of studies exist on its mobility, toxicity, and geochemical reactions. Stable isotope ratios of elements in the environment can provide valuable information on sources and processes such as redox transformations, precipitation, and adsorption. Isotope ratio measurements can be used to determine the extent of reaction with better accuracy than concentration measurements and without complications caused by dilution and adsorption. However, this requires knowledge of the difference between the reactant and product isotope ratios, or fractionation factor, and laboratory studies are needed to determine fractionation factors for various relevant reactions at varying reaction conditions. Given that Sb isotopes have not been developed until recently, isotope fractionation factors for most processes of Sb are still unknown. Redox reactions are typically the most significant sources of isotopic fractionation in natural systems. The oxidation state of Sb in the environment influences it’s mobility, with Sb(III) being less mobile than Sb(V). To investigate the fractionation when Sb(V) (+5 valence) is chemically reduced by sulfide to Sb(III) (+3 valence), controlled experiments with 0.01 mM Sb(V) and 2 to 6 mM sulfide at a pH of 6 and 7 were performed. Anion exchange was used to separate Sb(V) from Sb(III), and isotope ratios were analyzed using hydride generation MC-ICP-MS. The fractionation (ε) values for pH 6/High H2S, pH 7/High H2S and pH 7/Low H2S were -0.45 ± 0.03 ‰, -0.36 ± 0.05 ‰, and -0.57 ± 0.03‰, respectively. This provides important fundamental knowledge of a major driver of Sb isotope variation in nature and will be used as Sb isotopes are developed for use in modern environmental monitoring efforts and as a proxy for paleo-redox conditions."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Kinetic fractionation of antimony isotopes during reduction by sulfide"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Johnson, Thomas M"],"dc:creator":["Veldhuizen, Hannah Juliette"],"dc:date":["2022-05","2022-04-26"],"dc:description":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2024-05-01","The student, Hannah Veldhuizen, accepted the attached license on 2022-04-20 at 10:43.","The student, Hannah Veldhuizen, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2022-04-20 at 10:45.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2022-04-26 at 11:20.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #17822 on 2022-11-11 at 12:06:13","Antimony (Sb) is a toxic metalloid that enters the environment through both natural processes and anthropogenic input. Despite Sb’s increasing use, a limited number of studies exist on its mobility, toxicity, and geochemical reactions. Stable isotope ratios of elements in the environment can provide valuable information on sources and processes such as redox transformations, precipitation, and adsorption. Isotope ratio measurements can be used to determine the extent of reaction with better accuracy than concentration measurements and without complications caused by dilution and adsorption. However, this requires knowledge of the difference between the reactant and product isotope ratios, or fractionation factor, and laboratory studies are needed to determine fractionation factors for various relevant reactions at varying reaction conditions. Given that Sb isotopes have not been developed until recently, isotope fractionation factors for most processes of Sb are still unknown. Redox reactions are typically the most significant sources of isotopic fractionation in natural systems. The oxidation state of Sb in the environment influences it’s mobility, with Sb(III) being less mobile than Sb(V). To investigate the fractionation when Sb(V) (+5 valence) is chemically reduced by sulfide to Sb(III) (+3 valence), controlled experiments with 0.01 mM Sb(V) and 2 to 6 mM sulfide at a pH of 6 and 7 were performed. Anion exchange was used to separate Sb(V) from Sb(III), and isotope ratios were analyzed using hydride generation MC-ICP-MS. The fractionation (ε) values for pH 6/High H2S, pH 7/High H2S and pH 7/Low H2S were -0.45 ± 0.03 ‰, -0.36 ± 0.05 ‰, and -0.57 ± 0.03‰, respectively. This provides important fundamental knowledge of a major driver of Sb isotope variation in nature and will be used as Sb isotopes are developed for use in modern environmental monitoring efforts and as a proxy for paleo-redox conditions."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/115586"],"dc:language":["en","eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2022 Hannah Veldhuizen"],"dc:subject":["Antimony","Isotope"],"dc:title":["Kinetic fractionation of antimony isotopes during reduction by sulfide"],"dc:type":["text","Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Geology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:54Z"}