{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/115550"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/115550","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Understanding subsurface hydrology of controlled drainage (drainage water management) and saturated buffers to optimize nutrient reduction goals in Illinois","abstract":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2024-05-01","abstract_html":"Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2024-05-01","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Chandrasoma, Janith M"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Crop Sciences","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Christianson, Laura E","Christianson, Reid D","Davidson, Paul C","Cooke, Richard A","Lee, Dokyoung"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2022,"date_issued":"2022-05","date_published":"2022-05","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:54Z","subjects":["Saturated Buffers","Controlled drainage","subsurface drainage","nitrate","dissolve reactive phosphorous"],"languages":["en","eng"],"rights":["Copyright Janith M Chandrasoma"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/115550","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Christianson, Laura E","Christianson, Reid D","Davidson, Paul C","Cooke, Richard A","Lee, Dokyoung"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Chandrasoma, Janith M"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2022-05","2022-04-20"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text","Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Crop Sciences"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Saturated Buffers","Controlled drainage","subsurface drainage","nitrate","dissolve reactive phosphorous"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en","eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright Janith M Chandrasoma"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/115550"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2024-05-01","The student, Janith Chandrasoma, accepted the attached license on 2022-04-15 at 14:30.","The student, Janith Chandrasoma, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2022-04-15 at 15:00.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2022-04-20 at 21:00.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #17709 on 2022-11-11 at 12:05:50","Nitrate and dissolved reactive phosphorous (DRP) export from artificial subsurface drainage systems (tile drains) underlying agricultural fields can be a major source of reactive N and DRP in surface waters. Conservation drainage practices can help mitigate these nutrient exports while maintaining crop yield. The practice of controlled drainage (or drainage water management) and the relatively new practice of saturated buffers have shown potential for nutrient loss reduction in the US Midwest. However, these two practices were not included in Illinois Nutrient Loss Reduction Strategy (NLRS) due to the limited data available when the strategy was initially developed. Therefore, the overall objectives of this dissertation research were to (i) assess the suitability of controlled drainage for the Illinois landscape while evaluating the extent of lateral seepage when controlled drainage is being implemented, and (ii) evaluate the performance and possible application of saturated buffers in Illinois and across the Midwest. Results from 10 site-years at three saturated buffers showed NO3-N removal similar to studies conducted in Iowa, at 48 ± 19% reduction. The subsurface hydrology of two saturated buffers showed an order of magnitude difference between flow rates at which bypass was initiated despite the two providing relatively similar NO3 removal. A Geographic Information System (GIS)-based estimation showed 75,520 km of stream banks were suitable to host a saturated buffer in the US Midwest, which could contribute a 5-10% regional N load reduction. Controlled drainage reduced nutrient loss by reducing drainage flow volumes at the three sites; the best free vs. controlled drainage comparison showed 41 - 93% annual NO3 loss reduction. However, lateral seepage was documented at the field/zone boundaries which may have led to overestimated nutrient load reductions. Lateral seepage estimated using Dupuit's formula showed 8 – 23 % drainage flow reduction during CD. Together, these findings resulted in the inclusion of saturated buffers as a recommended practice in the Illinois NLRS as of 2021. Controlled drainage showed potential in Illinois while the estimated lateral seepage differed from site characteristics and field management, which further research remained."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Understanding subsurface hydrology of controlled drainage (drainage water management) and saturated buffers to optimize nutrient reduction goals in Illinois"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Christianson, Laura E","Christianson, Reid D","Davidson, Paul C","Cooke, Richard A","Lee, Dokyoung"],"dc:creator":["Chandrasoma, Janith M"],"dc:date":["2022-05","2022-04-20"],"dc:description":["Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2024-05-01","The student, Janith Chandrasoma, accepted the attached license on 2022-04-15 at 14:30.","The student, Janith Chandrasoma, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2022-04-15 at 15:00.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2022-04-20 at 21:00.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #17709 on 2022-11-11 at 12:05:50","Nitrate and dissolved reactive phosphorous (DRP) export from artificial subsurface drainage systems (tile drains) underlying agricultural fields can be a major source of reactive N and DRP in surface waters. Conservation drainage practices can help mitigate these nutrient exports while maintaining crop yield. The practice of controlled drainage (or drainage water management) and the relatively new practice of saturated buffers have shown potential for nutrient loss reduction in the US Midwest. However, these two practices were not included in Illinois Nutrient Loss Reduction Strategy (NLRS) due to the limited data available when the strategy was initially developed. Therefore, the overall objectives of this dissertation research were to (i) assess the suitability of controlled drainage for the Illinois landscape while evaluating the extent of lateral seepage when controlled drainage is being implemented, and (ii) evaluate the performance and possible application of saturated buffers in Illinois and across the Midwest. Results from 10 site-years at three saturated buffers showed NO3-N removal similar to studies conducted in Iowa, at 48 ± 19% reduction. The subsurface hydrology of two saturated buffers showed an order of magnitude difference between flow rates at which bypass was initiated despite the two providing relatively similar NO3 removal. A Geographic Information System (GIS)-based estimation showed 75,520 km of stream banks were suitable to host a saturated buffer in the US Midwest, which could contribute a 5-10% regional N load reduction. Controlled drainage reduced nutrient loss by reducing drainage flow volumes at the three sites; the best free vs. controlled drainage comparison showed 41 - 93% annual NO3 loss reduction. However, lateral seepage was documented at the field/zone boundaries which may have led to overestimated nutrient load reductions. Lateral seepage estimated using Dupuit's formula showed 8 – 23 % drainage flow reduction during CD. Together, these findings resulted in the inclusion of saturated buffers as a recommended practice in the Illinois NLRS as of 2021. Controlled drainage showed potential in Illinois while the estimated lateral seepage differed from site characteristics and field management, which further research remained."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/115550"],"dc:language":["en","eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright Janith M Chandrasoma"],"dc:subject":["Saturated Buffers","Controlled drainage","subsurface drainage","nitrate","dissolve reactive phosphorous"],"dc:title":["Understanding subsurface hydrology of controlled drainage (drainage water management) and saturated buffers to optimize nutrient reduction goals in Illinois"],"dc:type":["text","Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Crop Sciences"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:54Z"}