{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/115427"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/115427","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Inactivation of echovirus 12 with free chlorine","abstract":"Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2022-11-11 without embargo terms","abstract_html":"Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2022-11-11 without embargo terms","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Gard, Sydney"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Environ Engr in Civil Engr","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Mariñas, Benito J"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2022,"date_issued":"2022-05","date_published":"2022-05","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:54Z","subjects":["virus","disinfection","echovirus","enterovirus","kinetics"],"languages":["en","eng"],"rights":["Copyright 2022 Sydney Gard"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2142/115427","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Mariñas, Benito J"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Gard, Sydney"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2022-05","2022-04-25"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text","Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Environ Engr in Civil Engr"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["virus","disinfection","echovirus","enterovirus","kinetics"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en","eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2022 Sydney Gard"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/115427"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2022-11-11 without embargo terms","The student, Sydney Gard, accepted the attached license on 2022-04-21 at 14:17.","The student, Sydney Gard, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2022-04-21 at 14:23.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2022-04-25 at 16:39.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #17888 on 2022-11-11 at 13:42:51","As drinking water contaminants emerge each year, environmental health agencies and public utilities must address the control of a wide variety of chemical and microbial substances. Several factors need to be understood in order to effectively disinfect or inactivate these contaminants, including how they react to pH, temperature, and other materials in the water. Enterovirus, a common waterborne virus, resists inactivation by disinfectants commonly used in the United States such as free and combined chlorine. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is considering the development of new regulations for narrower groups of viruses such as the enteroviruses coxsackievirus and echovirus with relatively high resistance to common disinfectants instead of regulating all enteric viruses as a broader group. Enteroviruses include species with high resistance to free chlorine such as echovirus, which is especially resistant to free chlorine at high pH levels. This thesis will further characterize the kinetics of echovirus 12 inactivation at relatively high pH over a range of temperatures. These data trends will then be compared to other enterovirus species. The inactivation kinetics of echovirus 12 were found to have weaker pH and temperature dependence compared to those reported for coxsackievirus. Instead, the kinetics of echovirus 12 inactivation with free chlorine were more like adenovirus disinfection patterns, as both are complex and less dependent on pH and temperature. A model was created, but only fit well with the 5°C data set. A broader characterization research should be done with other strains of echovirus in addition to echovirus 12, over a wider range of pH values and temperatures, and in more detail over the range of temperatures and pH values in this study to better understand the complex disinfection kinetics."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Inactivation of echovirus 12 with free chlorine"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Mariñas, Benito J"],"dc:creator":["Gard, Sydney"],"dc:date":["2022-05","2022-04-25"],"dc:description":["Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2022-11-11 without embargo terms","The student, Sydney Gard, accepted the attached license on 2022-04-21 at 14:17.","The student, Sydney Gard, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2022-04-21 at 14:23.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2022-04-25 at 16:39.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #17888 on 2022-11-11 at 13:42:51","As drinking water contaminants emerge each year, environmental health agencies and public utilities must address the control of a wide variety of chemical and microbial substances. Several factors need to be understood in order to effectively disinfect or inactivate these contaminants, including how they react to pH, temperature, and other materials in the water. Enterovirus, a common waterborne virus, resists inactivation by disinfectants commonly used in the United States such as free and combined chlorine. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is considering the development of new regulations for narrower groups of viruses such as the enteroviruses coxsackievirus and echovirus with relatively high resistance to common disinfectants instead of regulating all enteric viruses as a broader group. Enteroviruses include species with high resistance to free chlorine such as echovirus, which is especially resistant to free chlorine at high pH levels. This thesis will further characterize the kinetics of echovirus 12 inactivation at relatively high pH over a range of temperatures. These data trends will then be compared to other enterovirus species. The inactivation kinetics of echovirus 12 were found to have weaker pH and temperature dependence compared to those reported for coxsackievirus. Instead, the kinetics of echovirus 12 inactivation with free chlorine were more like adenovirus disinfection patterns, as both are complex and less dependent on pH and temperature. A model was created, but only fit well with the 5°C data set. A broader characterization research should be done with other strains of echovirus in addition to echovirus 12, over a wider range of pH values and temperatures, and in more detail over the range of temperatures and pH values in this study to better understand the complex disinfection kinetics."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["https://hdl.handle.net/2142/115427"],"dc:language":["en","eng"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2022 Sydney Gard"],"dc:subject":["virus","disinfection","echovirus","enterovirus","kinetics"],"dc:title":["Inactivation of echovirus 12 with free chlorine"],"dc:type":["text","Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Environ Engr in Civil Engr"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:54Z"}