{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/113351"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/113351","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Trait profiles: a within-person approach to intellectual investment","abstract":"\"Intellectual investment theories maintain that individuals learn by investing time and cognitive resources in domains of knowledge. According to PPIK (Ackerman, 1996), one of the prevailing models of intellectual investment, individual differences such as cognitive abilities, personality, and vocational interests guide the process of intellectual investment, leading to divergent knowledge outcomes. These outcomes have generally been addressed at a between-person level, posing the question, \"\"Who knows more than whom?\"\". However, investment theories can also be addressed at a within-person level by asking the question, \"\"Who knows what?\"\". The current study investigates this query by using Latent Profile Analysis to construct profiles of the traits most germane to intellectual investment: cognitive abilities and vocational interests. These profiles were used to predict scores on knowledge tests in disparate domains, identifying areas of relative strength and weakness for each profile. Results demonstrated that the profiles of cognitive abilities and vocational interests produced by LPA resemble the patterns of traits found in Ackerman's research, which he referred to as \"\"trait complexes\"\" (1997). This analysis also extended trait complex research by uncovering patterns of abilities and interests not found in previous trait complex studies. Lastly, our results provided support for PPIK by showing that profiles' strongest domains of knowledge corresponded to their strongest abilities and interests, indicating the importance of these traits for intellectual investment.\"","abstract_html":""Intellectual investment theories maintain that individuals learn by investing time and cognitive resources in domains of knowledge. According to PPIK (Ackerman, 1996), one of the prevailing models of intellectual investment, individual differences such as cognitive abilities, personality, and vocational interests guide the process of intellectual investment, leading to divergent knowledge outcomes. These outcomes have generally been addressed at a between-person level, posing the question, ""Who knows more than whom?"". However, investment theories can also be addressed at a within-person level by asking the question, ""Who knows what?"". The current study investigates this query by using Latent Profile Analysis to construct profiles of the traits most germane to intellectual investment: cognitive abilities and vocational interests. These profiles were used to predict scores on knowledge tests in disparate domains, identifying areas of relative strength and weakness for each profile. Results demonstrated that the profiles of cognitive abilities and vocational interests produced by LPA resemble the patterns of traits found in Ackerman's research, which he referred to as ""trait complexes"" (1997). This analysis also extended trait complex research by uncovering patterns of abilities and interests not found in previous trait complex studies. Lastly, our results provided support for PPIK by showing that profiles' strongest domains of knowledge corresponded to their strongest abilities and interests, indicating the importance of these traits for intellectual investment."","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Hyland, William"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Psychology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Rounds, James","Newman, Daniel"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2022,"date_issued":"2022-01-12T22:56:16Z","date_published":"2022-01-12T22:56:16Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:53Z","subjects":["cognitive abilities","vocational interests","intellectual investment","trait complexes"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2021 William Hyland"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/113351","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Rounds, James","Newman, Daniel"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Hyland, William"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2022-01-12T22:56:16Z","2024-01-12T22:56:20Z","2021-07-23","2021-08"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text","Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Psychology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["cognitive abilities","vocational interests","intellectual investment","trait complexes"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2021 William Hyland"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/113351"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["\"Intellectual investment theories maintain that individuals learn by investing time and cognitive resources in domains of knowledge. According to PPIK (Ackerman, 1996), one of the prevailing models of intellectual investment, individual differences such as cognitive abilities, personality, and vocational interests guide the process of intellectual investment, leading to divergent knowledge outcomes. These outcomes have generally been addressed at a between-person level, posing the question, \"\"Who knows more than whom?\"\". However, investment theories can also be addressed at a within-person level by asking the question, \"\"Who knows what?\"\". The current study investigates this query by using Latent Profile Analysis to construct profiles of the traits most germane to intellectual investment: cognitive abilities and vocational interests. These profiles were used to predict scores on knowledge tests in disparate domains, identifying areas of relative strength and weakness for each profile. Results demonstrated that the profiles of cognitive abilities and vocational interests produced by LPA resemble the patterns of traits found in Ackerman's research, which he referred to as \"\"trait complexes\"\" (1997). This analysis also extended trait complex research by uncovering patterns of abilities and interests not found in previous trait complex studies. Lastly, our results provided support for PPIK by showing that profiles' strongest domains of knowledge corresponded to their strongest abilities and interests, indicating the importance of these traits for intellectual investment.\"","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2023-08-01","The student, William Hyland, accepted the attached license on 2021-07-23 at 11:24.","The student, William Hyland, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2021-07-23 at 11:29.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2021-07-23 at 14:12.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #17082 on 2022-01-12 at 13:05:34","Made available in DSpace on 2022-01-12T22:56:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 HYLAND-THESIS-2021.pdf: 575049 bytes, checksum: fc65bdcba8b0399b86395ac185c5ceb1 (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4208 bytes, checksum: ca8805858d3fe77277537567af5311ef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021-07-23","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 121280 Lift date: 2024-01-12T22:56:20Z Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Limited"]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Trait profiles: a within-person approach to intellectual investment"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Rounds, James","Newman, Daniel"],"dc:creator":["Hyland, William"],"dc:date":["2022-01-12T22:56:16Z","2024-01-12T22:56:20Z","2021-07-23","2021-08"],"dc:description":["\"Intellectual investment theories maintain that individuals learn by investing time and cognitive resources in domains of knowledge. According to PPIK (Ackerman, 1996), one of the prevailing models of intellectual investment, individual differences such as cognitive abilities, personality, and vocational interests guide the process of intellectual investment, leading to divergent knowledge outcomes. These outcomes have generally been addressed at a between-person level, posing the question, \"\"Who knows more than whom?\"\". However, investment theories can also be addressed at a within-person level by asking the question, \"\"Who knows what?\"\". The current study investigates this query by using Latent Profile Analysis to construct profiles of the traits most germane to intellectual investment: cognitive abilities and vocational interests. These profiles were used to predict scores on knowledge tests in disparate domains, identifying areas of relative strength and weakness for each profile. Results demonstrated that the profiles of cognitive abilities and vocational interests produced by LPA resemble the patterns of traits found in Ackerman's research, which he referred to as \"\"trait complexes\"\" (1997). This analysis also extended trait complex research by uncovering patterns of abilities and interests not found in previous trait complex studies. Lastly, our results provided support for PPIK by showing that profiles' strongest domains of knowledge corresponded to their strongest abilities and interests, indicating the importance of these traits for intellectual investment.\"","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2023-08-01","The student, William Hyland, accepted the attached license on 2021-07-23 at 11:24.","The student, William Hyland, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2021-07-23 at 11:29.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2021-07-23 at 14:12.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #17082 on 2022-01-12 at 13:05:34","Made available in DSpace on 2022-01-12T22:56:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 HYLAND-THESIS-2021.pdf: 575049 bytes, checksum: fc65bdcba8b0399b86395ac185c5ceb1 (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4208 bytes, checksum: ca8805858d3fe77277537567af5311ef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021-07-23","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 121280 Lift date: 2024-01-12T22:56:20Z Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Limited"],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/113351"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2021 William Hyland"],"dc:subject":["cognitive abilities","vocational interests","intellectual investment","trait complexes"],"dc:title":["Trait profiles: a within-person approach to intellectual investment"],"dc:type":["text","Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Psychology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:53Z"}