{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/113247"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/113247","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"The relationship between financial performance and changes in farm size in Illinois grain farms","abstract":"The average size of Illinois grain farms has been increasing. Economies of size have been pointed as a possible driver for this pattern, suggesting an incentive to grow. This study will investigate the relationship between farm size and financial performance across Illinois grain farmers. The study relies on balanced panel data of 297, 297 and 97 farmers, with individual and time fixed effects, in 3 different periods: 2010 to 2014, 2015 to 2019 and 2010 to 2019. Moreover, a 5-year consecutive rolling period is used to investigate this relationship from 2003 to 2019. Robustness checks also are conducted to analyze the relationship comparing top and bottom groups sorted by equity-to-asset and farm size. In addition, the study tests different relationships of farm size and different financial dependent variables: (i) logarithmic, (ii) quadratic and (iii) linear. Overall, results show that an increase in size is strongly related to higher capital and labor efficiencies and moderately and positively related to higher profitability ratios (ROA, Management Returns Margin and Operator and Land return margin). Results in general were consistent between bottom and top third groups of farm size and equity-to-asset, except for land cost ratio, which needs further investigation. Farm size was not significant in all financial variables, such as revenue per acre. This suggests that economies of size are reflected in costs, not in revenues. Moreover, no evidence of diseconomies of scale were found, which suggests that the pattern of consolidation is likely to continue.","abstract_html":"The average size of Illinois grain farms has been increasing. Economies of size have been pointed as a possible driver for this pattern, suggesting an incentive to grow. This study will investigate the relationship between farm size and financial performance across Illinois grain farmers. The study relies on balanced panel data of 297, 297 and 97 farmers, with individual and time fixed effects, in 3 different periods: 2010 to 2014, 2015 to 2019 and 2010 to 2019. Moreover, a 5-year consecutive rolling period is used to investigate this relationship from 2003 to 2019. Robustness checks also are conducted to analyze the relationship comparing top and bottom groups sorted by equity-to-asset and farm size. In addition, the study tests different relationships of farm size and different financial dependent variables: (i) logarithmic, (ii) quadratic and (iii) linear. Overall, results show that an increase in size is strongly related to higher capital and labor efficiencies and moderately and positively related to higher profitability ratios (ROA, Management Returns Margin and Operator and Land return margin). Results in general were consistent between bottom and top third groups of farm size and equity-to-asset, except for land cost ratio, which needs further investigation. Farm size was not significant in all financial variables, such as revenue per acre. This suggests that economies of size are reflected in costs, not in revenues. Moreover, no evidence of diseconomies of scale were found, which suggests that the pattern of consolidation is likely to continue.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Christiano De Sousa Monaco, Henrique"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Agricultural & Applied Econ","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Schnitkey, Gary"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2022,"date_issued":"2022-01-12T22:51:36Z","date_published":"2022-01-12T22:51:36Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:53Z","subjects":["Economies of size, economies of scale, financial performance, agriculture, grain farms"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["© 2021 by Henrique Christiano de Sousa Monaco. All rights reserved."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/113247","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Schnitkey, Gary"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Christiano De Sousa Monaco, Henrique"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2022-01-12T22:51:36Z","2024-01-12T22:56:20Z","2021-06-21","2021-08"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text","Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Agricultural & Applied Econ"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Economies of size, economies of scale, financial performance, agriculture, grain farms"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["© 2021 by Henrique Christiano de Sousa Monaco. 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Robustness checks also are conducted to analyze the relationship comparing top and bottom groups sorted by equity-to-asset and farm size. In addition, the study tests different relationships of farm size and different financial dependent variables: (i) logarithmic, (ii) quadratic and (iii) linear. Overall, results show that an increase in size is strongly related to higher capital and labor efficiencies and moderately and positively related to higher profitability ratios (ROA, Management Returns Margin and Operator and Land return margin). Results in general were consistent between bottom and top third groups of farm size and equity-to-asset, except for land cost ratio, which needs further investigation. Farm size was not significant in all financial variables, such as revenue per acre. This suggests that economies of size are reflected in costs, not in revenues. Moreover, no evidence of diseconomies of scale were found, which suggests that the pattern of consolidation is likely to continue.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2023-08-01","The student, Henrique Christiano De Sousa Monaco, accepted the attached license on 2021-06-14 at 12:16.","The student, Henrique Christiano De Sousa Monaco, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2021-06-14 at 12:20.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2021-06-21 at 10:19.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #16686 on 2022-01-12 at 13:03:07","Made available in DSpace on 2022-01-12T22:51:36Z (GMT). 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Economies of size have been pointed as a possible driver for this pattern, suggesting an incentive to grow. This study will investigate the relationship between farm size and financial performance across Illinois grain farmers. The study relies on balanced panel data of 297, 297 and 97 farmers, with individual and time fixed effects, in 3 different periods: 2010 to 2014, 2015 to 2019 and 2010 to 2019. Moreover, a 5-year consecutive rolling period is used to investigate this relationship from 2003 to 2019. Robustness checks also are conducted to analyze the relationship comparing top and bottom groups sorted by equity-to-asset and farm size. In addition, the study tests different relationships of farm size and different financial dependent variables: (i) logarithmic, (ii) quadratic and (iii) linear. Overall, results show that an increase in size is strongly related to higher capital and labor efficiencies and moderately and positively related to higher profitability ratios (ROA, Management Returns Margin and Operator and Land return margin). Results in general were consistent between bottom and top third groups of farm size and equity-to-asset, except for land cost ratio, which needs further investigation. Farm size was not significant in all financial variables, such as revenue per acre. This suggests that economies of size are reflected in costs, not in revenues. Moreover, no evidence of diseconomies of scale were found, which suggests that the pattern of consolidation is likely to continue.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2023-08-01","The student, Henrique Christiano De Sousa Monaco, accepted the attached license on 2021-06-14 at 12:16.","The student, Henrique Christiano De Sousa Monaco, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2021-06-14 at 12:20.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2021-06-21 at 10:19.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #16686 on 2022-01-12 at 13:03:07","Made available in DSpace on 2022-01-12T22:51:36Z (GMT). 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All rights reserved."],"dc:subject":["Economies of size, economies of scale, financial performance, agriculture, grain farms"],"dc:title":["The relationship between financial performance and changes in farm size in Illinois grain farms"],"dc:type":["text","Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Agricultural & Applied Econ"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:53Z"}