{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/110762"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/110762","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Effect of nano- fillers on tensile properties of biopolymer films","abstract":"There is a growing interest in biopolymers due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and edibility. Biopolymer applications include food packaging, biomedical applications, and as structural materials. However, their mechanical properties are limiting. Current research is focused on modifying the physical and chemical properties of biopolymers for better performance and broader applications. The addition of nanofillers has been proposed as a way to modify mechanical properties of biopolymers. This work is focused on biopolymers as edible materials, therefore biopolymers and fillers must meet this requirement. In this study, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), nanocrystalline cellulose (CNC), CaCO3 nanoparticles, hydrophilic nanoclay and hydrophobic nanoclay were separately added as fillers to the polymers, konjac glucomannan (KGM), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), and zein to investigate their effect on tensile properties of composite films. Tensile properties were measured by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) obtaining stress (σ), strain (γ), and Young’s modulus (E). Results revealed significant differences between neat polymers. Fillers, at 2% w/w, affected film properties depending on their size, shape, and surface chemistry. Good dispersibility and the extent of polymer-filler interactions controlled the effect of nanofillers on film properties. Nano-size, high aspect ratio, and hydrophilicity showed significant effects on tensile properties over micro-size, low aspect ratio, and hydrophobic fillers. Hydrophilic nanoclay and CNC interacted better with biopolymer matrices than hydrophobic nanoclay, MCC, or CaCO3. The load limit of CNC in KGM and HPMC to increase σ of neat polymers was 2% and 4%, respectively. Further addition resulted in γ and σ decrement. Load differences were attributed to differences in microstructure between KGM and HPMC. Addition of CNC up to 50% w/w resulted in a higher value of E, suggesting a volume fraction effect of nanocomposite components on films properties. The conclusions of this study were that the addition of nanofillers to biopolymers can lead to reinforced composites if there is good interaction between filler and matrix. Nanocomposite technology offers to broaden the application of biopolymers through the design of new materials with competitive mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties.","abstract_html":"There is a growing interest in biopolymers due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and edibility. Biopolymer applications include food packaging, biomedical applications, and as structural materials. However, their mechanical properties are limiting. Current research is focused on modifying the physical and chemical properties of biopolymers for better performance and broader applications. The addition of nanofillers has been proposed as a way to modify mechanical properties of biopolymers. This work is focused on biopolymers as edible materials, therefore biopolymers and fillers must meet this requirement. In this study, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), nanocrystalline cellulose (CNC), CaCO3 nanoparticles, hydrophilic nanoclay and hydrophobic nanoclay were separately added as fillers to the polymers, konjac glucomannan (KGM), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), and zein to investigate their effect on tensile properties of composite films. Tensile properties were measured by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) obtaining stress (σ), strain (γ), and Young’s modulus (E). Results revealed significant differences between neat polymers. Fillers, at 2% w/w, affected film properties depending on their size, shape, and surface chemistry. Good dispersibility and the extent of polymer-filler interactions controlled the effect of nanofillers on film properties. Nano-size, high aspect ratio, and hydrophilicity showed significant effects on tensile properties over micro-size, low aspect ratio, and hydrophobic fillers. Hydrophilic nanoclay and CNC interacted better with biopolymer matrices than hydrophobic nanoclay, MCC, or CaCO3. The load limit of CNC in KGM and HPMC to increase σ of neat polymers was 2% and 4%, respectively. Further addition resulted in γ and σ decrement. Load differences were attributed to differences in microstructure between KGM and HPMC. Addition of CNC up to 50% w/w resulted in a higher value of E, suggesting a volume fraction effect of nanocomposite components on films properties. The conclusions of this study were that the addition of nanofillers to biopolymers can lead to reinforced composites if there is good interaction between filler and matrix. Nanocomposite technology offers to broaden the application of biopolymers through the design of new materials with competitive mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Resano Goizueta, Ines"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Agricultural & Biological Engr","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Padua, Graciela W","Singh, Vijay"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2021,"date_issued":"2021-09-17T04:03:52Z","date_published":"2021-09-17T04:03:52Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:52Z","subjects":["Biopolymers, nanocomposites, KGM, HPMC, zein, fillers, tensile properties"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2016 Ines Resano Goizueta"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/110762","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Padua, Graciela W","Singh, Vijay"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Resano Goizueta, Ines"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2021-09-17T04:03:52Z","2023-09-17T04:07:01Z","2016-12-09","2016-12"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text","Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Agricultural & Biological Engr"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Biopolymers, nanocomposites, KGM, HPMC, zein, fillers, tensile properties"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2016 Ines Resano Goizueta"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/110762"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["There is a growing interest in biopolymers due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and edibility. Biopolymer applications include food packaging, biomedical applications, and as structural materials. However, their mechanical properties are limiting. Current research is focused on modifying the physical and chemical properties of biopolymers for better performance and broader applications. The addition of nanofillers has been proposed as a way to modify mechanical properties of biopolymers. This work is focused on biopolymers as edible materials, therefore biopolymers and fillers must meet this requirement. In this study, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), nanocrystalline cellulose (CNC), CaCO3 nanoparticles, hydrophilic nanoclay and hydrophobic nanoclay were separately added as fillers to the polymers, konjac glucomannan (KGM), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), and zein to investigate their effect on tensile properties of composite films. Tensile properties were measured by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) obtaining stress (σ), strain (γ), and Young’s modulus (E). Results revealed significant differences between neat polymers. Fillers, at 2% w/w, affected film properties depending on their size, shape, and surface chemistry. Good dispersibility and the extent of polymer-filler interactions controlled the effect of nanofillers on film properties. Nano-size, high aspect ratio, and hydrophilicity showed significant effects on tensile properties over micro-size, low aspect ratio, and hydrophobic fillers. Hydrophilic nanoclay and CNC interacted better with biopolymer matrices than hydrophobic nanoclay, MCC, or CaCO3. The load limit of CNC in KGM and HPMC to increase σ of neat polymers was 2% and 4%, respectively. Further addition resulted in γ and σ decrement. Load differences were attributed to differences in microstructure between KGM and HPMC. Addition of CNC up to 50% w/w resulted in a higher value of E, suggesting a volume fraction effect of nanocomposite components on films properties. The conclusions of this study were that the addition of nanofillers to biopolymers can lead to reinforced composites if there is good interaction between filler and matrix. Nanocomposite technology offers to broaden the application of biopolymers through the design of new materials with competitive mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2018-12-01","The student, Ines Resano Goizueta, accepted the attached license on 2016-12-02 at 10:14.","The student, Ines Resano Goizueta, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2016-12-02 at 11:28.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2016-12-09 at 13:36.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10415 on 2021-09-16 at 20:06:29","Made available in DSpace on 2021-09-17T04:03:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 RESANOGOIZUETA-THESIS-2016.pdf: 2513126 bytes, checksum: 6a49e7afd225504d27af1036b8d4fd33 (MD5) LICENSE.txt: 4217 bytes, checksum: 0b853838e3c6e32b98146090c74b2a5f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-09","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 118607 Lift date: 2023-09-17T04:04:53Z Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 118607 Lift date: 2023-09-17T04:07:01Z Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD system","Limited"]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Effect of nano- fillers on tensile properties of biopolymer films"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Padua, Graciela W","Singh, Vijay"],"dc:creator":["Resano Goizueta, Ines"],"dc:date":["2021-09-17T04:03:52Z","2023-09-17T04:07:01Z","2016-12-09","2016-12"],"dc:description":["There is a growing interest in biopolymers due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and edibility. Biopolymer applications include food packaging, biomedical applications, and as structural materials. However, their mechanical properties are limiting. Current research is focused on modifying the physical and chemical properties of biopolymers for better performance and broader applications. The addition of nanofillers has been proposed as a way to modify mechanical properties of biopolymers. This work is focused on biopolymers as edible materials, therefore biopolymers and fillers must meet this requirement. In this study, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), nanocrystalline cellulose (CNC), CaCO3 nanoparticles, hydrophilic nanoclay and hydrophobic nanoclay were separately added as fillers to the polymers, konjac glucomannan (KGM), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), and zein to investigate their effect on tensile properties of composite films. Tensile properties were measured by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) obtaining stress (σ), strain (γ), and Young’s modulus (E). Results revealed significant differences between neat polymers. Fillers, at 2% w/w, affected film properties depending on their size, shape, and surface chemistry. Good dispersibility and the extent of polymer-filler interactions controlled the effect of nanofillers on film properties. Nano-size, high aspect ratio, and hydrophilicity showed significant effects on tensile properties over micro-size, low aspect ratio, and hydrophobic fillers. Hydrophilic nanoclay and CNC interacted better with biopolymer matrices than hydrophobic nanoclay, MCC, or CaCO3. The load limit of CNC in KGM and HPMC to increase σ of neat polymers was 2% and 4%, respectively. Further addition resulted in γ and σ decrement. Load differences were attributed to differences in microstructure between KGM and HPMC. Addition of CNC up to 50% w/w resulted in a higher value of E, suggesting a volume fraction effect of nanocomposite components on films properties. The conclusions of this study were that the addition of nanofillers to biopolymers can lead to reinforced composites if there is good interaction between filler and matrix. Nanocomposite technology offers to broaden the application of biopolymers through the design of new materials with competitive mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2018-12-01","The student, Ines Resano Goizueta, accepted the attached license on 2016-12-02 at 10:14.","The student, Ines Resano Goizueta, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2016-12-02 at 11:28.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2016-12-09 at 13:36.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10415 on 2021-09-16 at 20:06:29","Made available in DSpace on 2021-09-17T04:03:52Z (GMT). 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