{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/110722"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/110722","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Savage reds: US settler colonialism, anarchist scares, and anticommunism, 1840s-1920s","abstract":"\"This dissertation is a study of the development of US domestic political repression, labor control, counterinsurgency, and anticommunism. \"\"The only good Indian is a dead Indian\"\" went General Sheridan's genocidal axiom. By the 1880s, US politicians, industrialists, and their media organs were using the words \"\"Indian\"\" and \"\"anarchist\"\" in the heinous phrase interchangeably. This application of the \"\"frontier\"\" language of Indian-killing to internal political repression reflected a larger process in which colonialism was turning inward. This dissertation focuses on the period in which anticommunism/anti-anarchism became explicit in US culture, politics, and policy. It argues that there is a direct relationship between the United States' outwardly facing so-called \"\"Indian Wars\"\" on the \"\"frontier\"\" to class war within the metropole. The former structured the latter and both were part of the same project of capitalist domination. What historians refer to as the First Red Scare was preceded by over half a century of red scares. Those earlier red scares played out directly within the larger context of US \"\"frontier\"\" militarization and war. Internal repression was colonialism turned inward: meaning the tactics, weapons, mythology, and ideology the state wielded to control the \"\"foreign,\"\" migrant, multi-racial, multi-lingual, multi-ethnic urban \"\"rabble\"\" and extinguish proletarian insurgency were developed and refined in the \"\"Indian wars\"\" and other outward imperialist invasions and occupations. This is not to say that anarchists became the \"\"new Indians,\"\" as the US war against Indigenous peoples, and Indigenous resistance, never ceased, continuing unabated into the present. It is to say that settler colonialism and imperialism were so formative to US institutions that they structured internal political repression and internal proletarian control. The culture, ideology, and policies of anti-anarchism/anticommunism, grew from, were shaped by, and overlapped with the larger settler-colonial and imperialist structure of the United States.\"","abstract_html":""This dissertation is a study of the development of US domestic political repression, labor control, counterinsurgency, and anticommunism. ""The only good Indian is a dead Indian"" went General Sheridan's genocidal axiom. By the 1880s, US politicians, industrialists, and their media organs were using the words ""Indian"" and ""anarchist"" in the heinous phrase interchangeably. This application of the ""frontier"" language of Indian-killing to internal political repression reflected a larger process in which colonialism was turning inward. This dissertation focuses on the period in which anticommunism/anti-anarchism became explicit in US culture, politics, and policy. It argues that there is a direct relationship between the United States' outwardly facing so-called ""Indian Wars"" on the ""frontier"" to class war within the metropole. The former structured the latter and both were part of the same project of capitalist domination. What historians refer to as the First Red Scare was preceded by over half a century of red scares. Those earlier red scares played out directly within the larger context of US ""frontier"" militarization and war. Internal repression was colonialism turned inward: meaning the tactics, weapons, mythology, and ideology the state wielded to control the ""foreign,"" migrant, multi-racial, multi-lingual, multi-ethnic urban ""rabble"" and extinguish proletarian insurgency were developed and refined in the ""Indian wars"" and other outward imperialist invasions and occupations. This is not to say that anarchists became the ""new Indians,"" as the US war against Indigenous peoples, and Indigenous resistance, never ceased, continuing unabated into the present. It is to say that settler colonialism and imperialism were so formative to US institutions that they structured internal political repression and internal proletarian control. The culture, ideology, and policies of anti-anarchism/anticommunism, grew from, were shaped by, and overlapped with the larger settler-colonial and imperialist structure of the United States."","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Khan, Tariq D."],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"History","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Hoganson, Kristin L.","Roediger, David R.","McDuffie, Erik S.","Zimmer, Kenyon","Salaita, Steven"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2021,"date_issued":"2021-09-17T02:34:43Z","date_published":"2021-09-17T02:34:43Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:52Z","subjects":["Anarchism","Settler Colonialism"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2021 Tariq Khan"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/110722","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Hoganson, Kristin L.","Roediger, David R.","McDuffie, Erik S.","Zimmer, Kenyon","Salaita, Steven"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Khan, Tariq D."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2021-09-17T02:34:43Z","2023-09-17T02:34:57Z","2021-04-22","2021-05"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text","Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["History"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Anarchism","Settler Colonialism"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2021 Tariq Khan"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/110722"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["\"This dissertation is a study of the development of US domestic political repression, labor control, counterinsurgency, and anticommunism. \"\"The only good Indian is a dead Indian\"\" went General Sheridan's genocidal axiom. By the 1880s, US politicians, industrialists, and their media organs were using the words \"\"Indian\"\" and \"\"anarchist\"\" in the heinous phrase interchangeably. This application of the \"\"frontier\"\" language of Indian-killing to internal political repression reflected a larger process in which colonialism was turning inward. This dissertation focuses on the period in which anticommunism/anti-anarchism became explicit in US culture, politics, and policy. It argues that there is a direct relationship between the United States' outwardly facing so-called \"\"Indian Wars\"\" on the \"\"frontier\"\" to class war within the metropole. The former structured the latter and both were part of the same project of capitalist domination. What historians refer to as the First Red Scare was preceded by over half a century of red scares. Those earlier red scares played out directly within the larger context of US \"\"frontier\"\" militarization and war. Internal repression was colonialism turned inward: meaning the tactics, weapons, mythology, and ideology the state wielded to control the \"\"foreign,\"\" migrant, multi-racial, multi-lingual, multi-ethnic urban \"\"rabble\"\" and extinguish proletarian insurgency were developed and refined in the \"\"Indian wars\"\" and other outward imperialist invasions and occupations. This is not to say that anarchists became the \"\"new Indians,\"\" as the US war against Indigenous peoples, and Indigenous resistance, never ceased, continuing unabated into the present. It is to say that settler colonialism and imperialism were so formative to US institutions that they structured internal political repression and internal proletarian control. The culture, ideology, and policies of anti-anarchism/anticommunism, grew from, were shaped by, and overlapped with the larger settler-colonial and imperialist structure of the United States.\"","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2023-05-01","The student, Tariq Khan, accepted the attached license on 2021-04-21 at 17:24.","The student, Tariq Khan, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2021-04-21 at 17:43.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2021-04-22 at 14:44.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #16483 on 2021-09-16 at 17:04:31","Made available in DSpace on 2021-09-17T02:34:43Z (GMT). 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By the 1880s, US politicians, industrialists, and their media organs were using the words \"\"Indian\"\" and \"\"anarchist\"\" in the heinous phrase interchangeably. This application of the \"\"frontier\"\" language of Indian-killing to internal political repression reflected a larger process in which colonialism was turning inward. This dissertation focuses on the period in which anticommunism/anti-anarchism became explicit in US culture, politics, and policy. It argues that there is a direct relationship between the United States' outwardly facing so-called \"\"Indian Wars\"\" on the \"\"frontier\"\" to class war within the metropole. The former structured the latter and both were part of the same project of capitalist domination. What historians refer to as the First Red Scare was preceded by over half a century of red scares. Those earlier red scares played out directly within the larger context of US \"\"frontier\"\" militarization and war. Internal repression was colonialism turned inward: meaning the tactics, weapons, mythology, and ideology the state wielded to control the \"\"foreign,\"\" migrant, multi-racial, multi-lingual, multi-ethnic urban \"\"rabble\"\" and extinguish proletarian insurgency were developed and refined in the \"\"Indian wars\"\" and other outward imperialist invasions and occupations. This is not to say that anarchists became the \"\"new Indians,\"\" as the US war against Indigenous peoples, and Indigenous resistance, never ceased, continuing unabated into the present. It is to say that settler colonialism and imperialism were so formative to US institutions that they structured internal political repression and internal proletarian control. The culture, ideology, and policies of anti-anarchism/anticommunism, grew from, were shaped by, and overlapped with the larger settler-colonial and imperialist structure of the United States.\"","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2023-05-01","The student, Tariq Khan, accepted the attached license on 2021-04-21 at 17:24.","The student, Tariq Khan, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2021-04-21 at 17:43.","This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2021-04-22 at 14:44.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #16483 on 2021-09-16 at 17:04:31","Made available in DSpace on 2021-09-17T02:34:43Z (GMT). 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