{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/110446"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/110446","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"A picture is worth a thousand words: Capturing caregivers’ early advocacy stories","abstract":"Historically caregivers of individuals with disabilities have engaged in individual (for their children) and systemic advocacy (for others). Although it is widely known that caregivers advocate for their school-aged children with disabilities, little is known about how caregivers who have infants and toddlers (birth to three years old) with delays or disabilities advocate for their young children. A focus on this age group is important because it helps illustrate caregivers’ advocacy efforts at different time points, and helps better situate professionals to support and promote advocacy early on in a variety of settings. Given the relevance of this topic and the limited literature, the purpose of this study was to use qualitative inquiry, specifically auto-photography and photo-elicitation interviews, to explore 13 caregivers’ advocacy experiences in their children’s early years. Thematic and constant comparative analyses were used and subsequently 41 major codes within seven categories were identified. Three findings related to participants in this study included: (a) caregivers engaged in both individual and systemic advocacy (although individual advocacy was more common) across formal (with medical professionals) and informal settings (at home with family members), (b) advocacy efforts and strategies were often centered around a context-specific problem, and (c) auto-photography and photo elicitation methods proved helpful in understanding caregivers’ experiences. Implications for practice and directions for future research are discussed.","abstract_html":"Historically caregivers of individuals with disabilities have engaged in individual (for their children) and systemic advocacy (for others). Although it is widely known that caregivers advocate for their school-aged children with disabilities, little is known about how caregivers who have infants and toddlers (birth to three years old) with delays or disabilities advocate for their young children. A focus on this age group is important because it helps illustrate caregivers’ advocacy efforts at different time points, and helps better situate professionals to support and promote advocacy early on in a variety of settings. Given the relevance of this topic and the limited literature, the purpose of this study was to use qualitative inquiry, specifically auto-photography and photo-elicitation interviews, to explore 13 caregivers’ advocacy experiences in their children’s early years. Thematic and constant comparative analyses were used and subsequently 41 major codes within seven categories were identified. Three findings related to participants in this study included: (a) caregivers engaged in both individual and systemic advocacy (although individual advocacy was more common) across formal (with medical professionals) and informal settings (at home with family members), (b) advocacy efforts and strategies were often centered around a context-specific problem, and (c) auto-photography and photo elicitation methods proved helpful in understanding caregivers’ experiences. Implications for practice and directions for future research are discussed.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Schraml, Kristen Marie"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Special Education","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Ostrosky, Michaelene","Santos Gilbertz, Rosa Milagros","Burke, Meghan","Hile, Kimberly"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2021,"date_issued":"2021-09-17T01:10:42Z","date_published":"2021-09-17T01:10:42Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:50Z","subjects":["caregivers’ individual and systemic advocacy, early intervention, auto-photography, photo-elicitation"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2021 Kristen Schraml"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/110446","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Ostrosky, Michaelene","Santos Gilbertz, Rosa Milagros","Burke, Meghan","Hile, Kimberly"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Schraml, Kristen Marie"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2021-09-17T01:10:42Z","2021-04-09","2021-05"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text","Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Special Education"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["caregivers’ individual and systemic advocacy, early intervention, auto-photography, photo-elicitation"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2021 Kristen Schraml"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/110446"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Historically caregivers of individuals with disabilities have engaged in individual (for their children) and systemic advocacy (for others). Although it is widely known that caregivers advocate for their school-aged children with disabilities, little is known about how caregivers who have infants and toddlers (birth to three years old) with delays or disabilities advocate for their young children. A focus on this age group is important because it helps illustrate caregivers’ advocacy efforts at different time points, and helps better situate professionals to support and promote advocacy early on in a variety of settings. Given the relevance of this topic and the limited literature, the purpose of this study was to use qualitative inquiry, specifically auto-photography and photo-elicitation interviews, to explore 13 caregivers’ advocacy experiences in their children’s early years. Thematic and constant comparative analyses were used and subsequently 41 major codes within seven categories were identified. Three findings related to participants in this study included: (a) caregivers engaged in both individual and systemic advocacy (although individual advocacy was more common) across formal (with medical professionals) and informal settings (at home with family members), (b) advocacy efforts and strategies were often centered around a context-specific problem, and (c) auto-photography and photo elicitation methods proved helpful in understanding caregivers’ experiences. Implications for practice and directions for future research are discussed.","Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. 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Three findings related to participants in this study included: (a) caregivers engaged in both individual and systemic advocacy (although individual advocacy was more common) across formal (with medical professionals) and informal settings (at home with family members), (b) advocacy efforts and strategies were often centered around a context-specific problem, and (c) auto-photography and photo elicitation methods proved helpful in understanding caregivers’ experiences. Implications for practice and directions for future research are discussed.","Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. 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