{"id":{"repo_id":"uiuc","oai_identifier":"oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/109634"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/uiuc/oai:www.ideals.illinois.edu:2142/109634","repository":{"repo_id":"uiuc","name":"University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign","base_url":"https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/oai-pmh"},"display":{"title":"Inactivation of adenovirus serotype 41 with monochloramine","abstract":"Waterborne pathogens remain a top concern in drinking water safety. Nealy 1,000 children die worldwide each day because of preventable diseases caused by a lack of safe water and sanitation. Human Adenovirus (HAdV) is a viral pathogen that persists in contaminated water and is commonly found to cause diarrhea worldwide. The United States Environmental Protection Agency has included HAdV in the Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List 4 for potential regulation evaluation. Drinking water disinfection is an effective way to reduce waterborne pathogens, including HAdV. However, some serotypes of HAdV are highly resistant to monochloramine, which is a commonly used disinfectant in drinking water facilities and distribution systems worldwide. At the same time, due to the difficulty of culturing enteric HAdV on common cell culture methods, the inactivation kinetics of enteric HAdV with monochloramine has not been fully characterized. The present study focuses on investigating the inactivation of enteric HAdV serotype 41, known to cause gastrointestinal disease, with monochloramine. Inactivation experiments were performed at temperatures of 5, 15, and 30°C, pH of 6, 8, and 10, monochloramine concentration of 10, 50, and 100mgCl2/L, and varying initial infectious virus concentration, and N/Cl ratio (molar ration greater than one in all cases). The data showed that higher temperature, lower pH, and lower initial virus concentration resulted in a higher inactivation rate. While the N/Cl ratio did not affect the inactivation kinetics, the effect of monochloramine concentration was inconclusive.","abstract_html":"Waterborne pathogens remain a top concern in drinking water safety. Nealy 1,000 children die worldwide each day because of preventable diseases caused by a lack of safe water and sanitation. Human Adenovirus (HAdV) is a viral pathogen that persists in contaminated water and is commonly found to cause diarrhea worldwide. The United States Environmental Protection Agency has included HAdV in the Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List 4 for potential regulation evaluation. Drinking water disinfection is an effective way to reduce waterborne pathogens, including HAdV. However, some serotypes of HAdV are highly resistant to monochloramine, which is a commonly used disinfectant in drinking water facilities and distribution systems worldwide. At the same time, due to the difficulty of culturing enteric HAdV on common cell culture methods, the inactivation kinetics of enteric HAdV with monochloramine has not been fully characterized. The present study focuses on investigating the inactivation of enteric HAdV serotype 41, known to cause gastrointestinal disease, with monochloramine. Inactivation experiments were performed at temperatures of 5, 15, and 30°C, pH of 6, 8, and 10, monochloramine concentration of 10, 50, and 100mgCl2/L, and varying initial infectious virus concentration, and N/Cl ratio (molar ration greater than one in all cases). The data showed that higher temperature, lower pH, and lower initial virus concentration resulted in a higher inactivation rate. While the N/Cl ratio did not affect the inactivation kinetics, the effect of monochloramine concentration was inconclusive.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Shi, Yuehao"],"institution":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Environ Engr in Civil Engr","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Mariñas, Benito J."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2021,"date_issued":"2021-03-05T21:47:33Z","date_published":"2021-03-05T21:47:33Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:24:50Z","subjects":["Adenovirus","Monochloramine","Inactivation"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright 2020 Yuehao Shi"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2142/109634","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Mariñas, Benito J."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Shi, Yuehao"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2021-03-05T21:47:33Z","2023-03-05T21:47:41Z","2020-12-10","2020-12"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["text","Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Environ Engr in Civil Engr"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Adenovirus","Monochloramine","Inactivation"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2020 Yuehao Shi"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2142/109634"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Waterborne pathogens remain a top concern in drinking water safety. Nealy 1,000 children die worldwide each day because of preventable diseases caused by a lack of safe water and sanitation. Human Adenovirus (HAdV) is a viral pathogen that persists in contaminated water and is commonly found to cause diarrhea worldwide. The United States Environmental Protection Agency has included HAdV in the Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List 4 for potential regulation evaluation. Drinking water disinfection is an effective way to reduce waterborne pathogens, including HAdV. However, some serotypes of HAdV are highly resistant to monochloramine, which is a commonly used disinfectant in drinking water facilities and distribution systems worldwide. At the same time, due to the difficulty of culturing enteric HAdV on common cell culture methods, the inactivation kinetics of enteric HAdV with monochloramine has not been fully characterized. The present study focuses on investigating the inactivation of enteric HAdV serotype 41, known to cause gastrointestinal disease, with monochloramine. Inactivation experiments were performed at temperatures of 5, 15, and 30°C, pH of 6, 8, and 10, monochloramine concentration of 10, 50, and 100mgCl2/L, and varying initial infectious virus concentration, and N/Cl ratio (molar ration greater than one in all cases). The data showed that higher temperature, lower pH, and lower initial virus concentration resulted in a higher inactivation rate. While the N/Cl ratio did not affect the inactivation kinetics, the effect of monochloramine concentration was inconclusive.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2022-12-01","The student, Yuehao Shi, accepted the attached license on 2020-12-07 at 10:29.","The student, Yuehao Shi, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2020-12-09 at 13:32.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2020-12-10 at 16:35.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #16082 on 2021-03-04 at 16:33:49","Made available in DSpace on 2021-03-05T21:47:33Z (GMT). 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Nealy 1,000 children die worldwide each day because of preventable diseases caused by a lack of safe water and sanitation. Human Adenovirus (HAdV) is a viral pathogen that persists in contaminated water and is commonly found to cause diarrhea worldwide. The United States Environmental Protection Agency has included HAdV in the Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List 4 for potential regulation evaluation. Drinking water disinfection is an effective way to reduce waterborne pathogens, including HAdV. However, some serotypes of HAdV are highly resistant to monochloramine, which is a commonly used disinfectant in drinking water facilities and distribution systems worldwide. At the same time, due to the difficulty of culturing enteric HAdV on common cell culture methods, the inactivation kinetics of enteric HAdV with monochloramine has not been fully characterized. The present study focuses on investigating the inactivation of enteric HAdV serotype 41, known to cause gastrointestinal disease, with monochloramine. Inactivation experiments were performed at temperatures of 5, 15, and 30°C, pH of 6, 8, and 10, monochloramine concentration of 10, 50, and 100mgCl2/L, and varying initial infectious virus concentration, and N/Cl ratio (molar ration greater than one in all cases). The data showed that higher temperature, lower pH, and lower initial virus concentration resulted in a higher inactivation rate. While the N/Cl ratio did not affect the inactivation kinetics, the effect of monochloramine concentration was inconclusive.","Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2022-12-01","The student, Yuehao Shi, accepted the attached license on 2020-12-07 at 10:29.","The student, Yuehao Shi, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2020-12-09 at 13:32.","This Thesis was approved for publication on 2020-12-10 at 16:35.","DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #16082 on 2021-03-04 at 16:33:49","Made available in DSpace on 2021-03-05T21:47:33Z (GMT). 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